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Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Regulatory T lymphocytes as a therapy for ischemic stroke
AbstractUnrestrained excessive inflammatory responses exacerbate ischemic brain injury and impede post-stroke brain recovery. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells play important immunosuppressive roles to curtail inflammatory responses and regain immune homeostasis after stroke. Accumulating evidence confirms that Treg cells are neuroprotective at the acute stage after stroke and promote brain repair at the chronic phases. The beneficial effects of Treg cells are mediated by diverse mechanisms involving cell –cell interactions and soluble factor release. Multiple types of cells, including both immune cells and non-i...
Source: Seminars in Immunopathology - December 5, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

Risk factors of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage after acute ischemic stroke treated with tissue-type plasminogen activator. The effectiveness of activated recombinant factor VII treatment.
Conclusion: The inclusion/exclusion criteria of tPA were based on the AHA/ASA Guidelines for the early management of patients with AIS.These patients had no evidence of infections, bronchoscopy, autoimmune diseases, HIV, and transplantations. Our study suggests that systemic administration of rFVIIa for DAH is effective. Emphysema may be a risk factor for the development of DAH following tPA. When we use tPA for emphysema patients, we must be careful about DAH enough. PMID: 32547816 [PubMed]
Source: Surgical Neurology International - June 19, 2020 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Surg Neurol Int Source Type: research

Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System: Expression and Properties in Neurodegeneration and Injury
Conclusion and Future Aspects This review summarizes available NTF expression data, compiles existing evidence on the effects of glial NTF signaling in healthy conditions and in disease models (Figure 1), and highlights the importance of this topic for future studies. The relationship between NTFs and glia is crucial for both the developing and adult brain. While some of these factors, such as NT-3 and CNTF, have highly potent effects on gliogenesis, others like BDNF and GDNF, are important for glia-mediated synapse formation. Neurotrophic factors play significant roles during neurodegenerative disorders. In many cases, ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinical Manifestations and Mechanisms of Autoimmune Disease-Related Multiple Cerebral Infarcts.
In conclusion, our study revealed the characteristics of autoimmune disease-related stroke. For patients with multiple acute cerebral infarcts within non-single arterial territories, autoimmune disease is an important etiology not to be neglected. Multiple stroke mechanisms were involved in these cases. PMID: 31062611 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - May 6, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Sun LL, Tang WX, Tian M, Zhang L, Liu ZJ Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Janssen to Present the Strength and Promise of its Hematologic Malignancies Portfolio and Pipeline at ASH 2021
RARITAN, N.J., November 4, 2021 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced today that more than 45 company-sponsored abstracts, including 11 oral presentations, plus more than 35 investigator-initiated studies will be featured at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition. ASH is taking place at the Georgia World Congress Center in Atlanta and virtually from December 11-14, 2021.“We are committed to advancing the science and treatment of hematologic malignancies and look forward to presenting the latest research from our robust portfolio and pipeline during ASH...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - November 5, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential in Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Abstract Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Marrow Stromal Cells (MSCs) have long been viewed as a potent tool for regenerative cell therapy. MSCs are easily accessible from both healthy donor and patient tissue and expandable in vitro on a therapeutic scale without posing significant ethical or procedural problems. MSC based therapies have proven to be effective in preclinical studies for graft versus host disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary fibrosis, autoimmune disorders and many other conditions and are currently undergoing clinical trials at a number of centers all over the world. MSCs are also being exte...
Source: Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy - September 22, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Tanna T, Sachan V Tags: Curr Stem Cell Res Ther Source Type: research

Regulation of the epithelial Na+ channel by the mTORC2/SGK1 pathway
The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is decisive for sodium reabsorption by the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN) of the kidney. ENaC is regulated by the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), a kinase genomically upregulated by several hormones including glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. SGK1 is activated by the serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) isoform mTORC2. SGK1 knockout (sgk1–/– mice) impairs renal Na+ retention during salt depletion. The mTOR catalytic site inhibitor, PP242, but not mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin, inhibits ENaC, decreases Na+ flux in isol...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - January 25, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lang, F., Pearce, D. Tags: REVIEWS - BASIC SCIENCE AND TRANSLATIONAL NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Severe Symptoms, but a Truly Treatable Disease
​BY NOURA MAHDI; DARRON LEWIS; JEREMY OSBORNE; & AHMED RAZIUDDIN, MDA 73-year-old man was brought to the emergency department from his nursing home for rectal bleeding and anemia. The patient mentioned he had had episodes of bright red rectal bleeding and constipation for a few months. A colonoscopy had been done prior to the visit, which revealed a large intestine tumor and biopsy confirming adenocarcinoma. He was awaiting an appointment with his surgeon.The patient reported bloody rectal leakage, and a CBC done at the nursing home showed a hemoglobin level of 7.2. He also complained of dyspnea but denied any other ...
Source: The Case Files - March 20, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Blog Posts Source Type: research

The Dance Between The Immune System and Stem Cells
We named it the  immunoLinkTM We have been testing a growing number of Clients with our Quantibody Arrays. Many of of these clients have Autoimmune Disorder Diseases. These range from Rheumatoid Arthritis to Multiple Sclerosis.These arrays are designed to precisely measure factors or markers (proteins) that are dysregulated by these diseases. We measure the levels of these biomarkers in our Clients' Blood serum. The arrays have also been used to measure the levels of markers in plasma and cell culture supernatants.Based on results, we are finding links between immune system and stem cell health. We call this the ...
Source: Neuromics - September 30, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Tags: autoimmune disease G-CSF GM-CSF Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells immune response immunoLink Neural Progenitor Cells Neural Stem Cell Markers Source Type: news

Human Wharton?s jelly-derived stem cells display immunomodulatory properties and transiently improve rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
In this study, we investigated whether WJ-MSCs possess the required properties to effectively and durably reverse these pathological hallmarks, and whether they survive in an inflammatory environment after transplantation. WJ-MSCs displayed a lowly immunogenic phenotype and showed intrinsic expression of neurotrophic factors and a variety of anti-inflammatory molecules. Furthermore, they dose-dependently suppressed proliferation of activated T cells using contact-dependent and paracrine mechanisms. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 was identified as one of the main effector molecules responsible for the observed T cell suppres...
Source: Cell Transplantation - October 10, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Donders R, Vanheusden M, Bogie JF, Ravanidis S, Thewissen K, Stinissen P, Gyselaers W, Hendriks JJ, Hellings N Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Acute bacterial infection negatively impacts cancer specific survival of colorectal cancer patients.
CONCLUSION: Infection and high neutrophil counts are associated with a poorer cancer-specific survival in colorectal cancer patients. PMID: 25320529 [PubMed - in process]
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - October 14, 2014 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Attiê R, Chinen LT, Yoshioka EM, Silva MC, de Lima VC Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research

Clopidogrel-induced refractory thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura successfully treated with rituximab
Publication date: Available online 2 December 2015 Source:Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy Author(s): Sara Khodor, Miguel Castro, Colin McNamara, Chakra P. Chaulagain Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a multisystem disorder characterized by microvascular aggregation of platelets and fibrin strands causing thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and organ dysfunction. TTP can develop as a result of a deficiency in ADAMTS13 enzyme activity due to either a genetic defect or, more commonly, the development of anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies. TTP can also be associated with pregnancy, organ t...
Source: Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy - March 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

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