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Condition: Autism

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Total 27 results found since Jan 2013.

mTOR Signaling Pathway Regulates the Release of Proinflammatory Molecule CCL5 Implicated in the Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder
This study reports elevated plasma levels of the proinflammatory chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) in children with ASD, suggesting an aberrant inflammatory response appearing in the development of ASD. Mining of the expression data of brain or blood tissue from individuals with ASD reveals that mTOR signaling is aberrantly activated in ASD patients. Our in vitro study shows that suppression of mTOR reduces the gene expression and release of CCL5 from human microglia, supporting that CCL5 expression is regulated by mTOR activity. Furthermore, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced CCL5 expression can be counteracte...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - March 29, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Electroacupuncture at Zusanli ameliorates the autistic-like behaviors of rats through activating the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses
CONCLUSION: These data suggested that electroacupuncture at ST36 protected nerve function in ASD rats through Nrf2 activation and the antioxidant response.PMID:35339642 | DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2022.146440
Source: Gene - March 27, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Yong-Hong Zhao Hong-Guang Fu Hui Cheng Rui-Juan Zheng Guo Wang Sheng Li En-Yao Li Li-Guo Li Source Type: research

Bioinformatics analyses show dysregulation of calcium-related genes in Angelman syndrome mouse model.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Angelman syndrome (AS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the loss of function of the UBE3A protein in the brain. In a previous study, we showed that activity-dependent calcium dynamics in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons of AS mice is compromised, and its normalization rescues the hippocampal-dependent deficits. Therefore, we expected that the expression profiles of calcium-related genes would be altered in AS mice hippocampi. METHODS: We analyzed mRNA sequencing data from AS model mice and WT controls in light of the newly published CaGeDB database of calcium-related ge...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - November 16, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Panov J, Kaphzan H Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Chd8 Rescued TBI-Induced Neurological Deficits by Suppressing Apoptosis and Autophagy Via Wnt Signaling Pathway.
Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and autism spectrum disorder (ASDs) share several same biochemical mechanisms and symptoms, such as learning memory impairments and communication deficits. Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8 (CHD8), a member of the CHD family of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors, is one of the top risk genetic factors in ASDs and is highly associated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Yet, the possible effect of CHD8 on TBI remains poorly understood. In vivo, we found that Chd8 co-localized in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, but predominantly presented in neurons in the prefr...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - February 6, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Chen J, Wang H, Luo C, Gao C, Zhang Y, Chen G, Chen W, Chen X, Tao L Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

Detailed Dissection of UBE3A-Mediated DDI1 Ubiquitination
Discussion Poly-ubiquitinated proteins targeted for degradation might be recognized directly by proteasomal receptors or by proteasomal shuttling proteins. The first shuttling proteins – Ddi1, Rad23 and Dsk2 – were identified and characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Lambertson et al., 1999; Kaplun et al., 2005). Proteasomal shuttles contain an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain that interacts with the 26S proteasome (Finley, 2009), and a C-terminal ubiquitin-binding domain domain (UBD) that binds to ubiquitin or poly-ubiquitin chains (Bertolaet et al., 2001). When ubiquitinated, substrates are capt...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 2, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

PGC1 β Regulates Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis by SREBP1-Mediated HKDC1 Expression
Conclusions: PGC1β regulates breast cancer tumor growth and metastasis by SREBP1-mediated HKDC1 expression. This provides a novel therapeutic strategy through targeting the PGC1β/HKDC1 signaling pathway for breast cancer treatment. Introduction Breast cancer is a very common cancer with significant premature mortality in women. Around 12% of women in USA will have chance to be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetimes (1, 2). The development of breast cancer is regulated by many factors, and even as average survival rates have increased significantly as a result of many advanced treatments...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Why Do Birds Flock? A Role for Opioids in the Reinforcement of Gregarious Social Interactions
Conclusion We propose that studies of songbirds reveal a novel network model for the integration of positive and negative reinforcement processes in non-sexual affiliative social behavior. Most studies on affiliative behavior focus on the positive affective state induced by social contact that rewards individuals interacting together. However, this review highlights that in social animals, affiliative contact is also reinforced because it reduces a negative affective state caused by social exclusion or isolation, thus creating a complementary system (i.e., positive reinforcement from affiliative interactions and negative ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 11, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

GSE113734 Loss of the Chr16p11.2 candidate gene QPRT leads to aberrant neuronal differentiation
Conclusions: In this study QPRT was causally related to in vitro neuronal differentiation and affected the regulation of genes and gene-networks that were previously implicated in ASD. Thus, our data suggest that QPRT may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASD in Chr16p11.2 deletion carriers.
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - November 20, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Homo sapiens Source Type: research

Loss of the Chr16p11.2 ASD candidate gene QPRT leads to aberrant neuronal differentiation in the SH-SY5Y neuronal cell model
ConclusionsIn this study,QPRT was causally related to in vitro neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells and affected the regulation of genes and gene networks previously implicated in ASD. Thus, our data suggest thatQPRT may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASD in Chr16p11.2 deletion carriers.
Source: Molecular Autism - November 6, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Oxytocin alters the morphology of hypothalamic neurons via the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF-2A)
In this study, we present evidence for three hypotheses: 1) OT leads to neurite retraction in hypothalamic neurons via the OT receptor (OTR) 2) The transcription factor MEF-2A is a central regulator of OT-induced neurite retraction, and 3) The MAPK pathway is critical for OT-induced MEF-2A activation.Incubation of rat hypothalamic H32 cells with 10 nM to 1 μM OT, vasopressin, and the specific OTR agonist TGOT, over the course of 12 h resulted in a time-dependent, significant retraction of neurites. In addition, the size of the nuclear compartment increased, whereas the overall cell size remained unchanged. OT trea...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - July 10, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Vitamin A Deficiency Induces Autistic ‐Like Behaviors in Rats by Regulating the RARβ‐CD38‐Oxytocin Axis in the Hypothalamus
Conclusions: Gestational VAD might be a risk factor for autistic‐like behaviors due to the RARβ signal suppression of CD38 expression in the hypothalamus of the offspring, which improved with VAS during the early‐life period. The nutritional status during pregnancy and the early‐life period is important in rats.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Nahrung / Food - December 21, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Xi Lai, Xiaofeng Wu, Nali Hou, Shu Liu, Qing Li, Ting Yang, Jingkun Miao, Zhifang Dong, Jie Chen, Tingyu Li Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

CTNNA3 discordant regulation of nested LRRTM3, implications for autism spectrum disorder and Tourette syndrome
Conclusion The discordant regulation of LRRTM3 by CTNNA3 may help explain its association with ASD and TS. LRRTM3 completes the set of neurexin trans-synaptic ligand gene families associated with ASD and TS reinforcing the status of the NTSC as a mutation hotspot for TS and a strong point of molecular overlap between TS and ASD.
Source: Meta Gene - November 18, 2016 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

CTNNA3 discordant regulation of nested LRRTM3
Conclusion The discordant regulation of LRRTM3 by CTNNA3 may help explain its association with ASD and TS. LRRTM3 completes the set of neurexin trans-synaptic ligand gene families associated with ASD and TS.
Source: Meta Gene - November 9, 2016 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Prenatal Exposure to Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Affects Gene Expression of Autism-Related Molecules and Delays Neuronal Maturation.
Abstract Valproic acid (VPA) is a multi-target drug and an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). We have previously demonstrated that prenatal exposure to VPA at embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5), but not at E14.5, causes autism-like behavioral abnormalities in male mouse offspring. We have also found that prenatal VPA exposure causes transient histone hyperacetylation in the embryonic brain, followed by decreased neuronal cell numbers in the prefrontal and somatosensory cortices after birth. In the present study, we examined whether prenatal HDAC inhibition affects neuronal maturation in primary mouse cortical neuron...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 13, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kawanai T, Ago Y, Watanabe R, Inoue A, Taruta A, Onaka Y, Hasebe S, Hashimoto H, Matsuda T, Takuma K Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research