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Specialty: Neurology
Condition: Alzheimer's
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Total 442 results found since Jan 2013.

Genetic Study of White Matter Integrity in UK Biobank (N=8448) and the Overlap With Stroke, Depression, and Dementia Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—Genetic variants within the VCAN gene may play a role in the mechanisms underlying microstructural integrity of the white matter in the brain measured as FA and MD. Mechanisms underlying white matter alterations are shared with cerebrovascular disease, and inherited differences in white matter microstructure impact on Alzheimer disease and major depressive disorder.
Source: Stroke - May 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Loes C.A. Rutten-Jacobs, Daniel J. Tozer, Marco Duering, Rainer Malik, Martin Dichgans, Hugh S. Markus, Matthew Traylor Tags: Genetic, Association Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

The modern role of antipsychotics for the treatment of agitation and psychosis in Alzheimer's disease.
Authors: Creese B, Da Silva MV, Johar I, Ballard C Abstract INTRODUCTION: Antipsychotics have long been the mainstay of treatment for agitation and psychosis in Alzheimer's disease. Despite their current use successive studies have shown that they only confer a modest benefit which must be balanced against their well-established serious side effects (extrapyramidal symptoms, stroke, accelerated cognitive decline and mortality). Areas covered: This review outlines the current guidance on antipsychotic usage and the evidence of their continued usage against a backdrop of emerging pharmacological treatments and an increa...
Source: Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics - May 17, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Expert Rev Neurother Source Type: research

Angiotensin Receptor Blockade by Inhibiting Glial Activation Promotes Hippocampal Neurogenesis Via Activation of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling in Hypertension
AbstractHypertension is one of the major risk factors for central nervous system (CNS) disorders like stroke and Alzheimer ’s disease (AD). On the other hand, CNS diseases like AD have been associated with gliosis and impaired neurogenesis. Further, renin angiotensin system (RAS) is intricately associated with hypertension; however, the accumulating evidences suggest that over-activity of RAS may perpetuate the brain inflammation related with AD. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the effect of hypertension and RAS on glial (astrocytes and microglia) activation and hippocampal neurogenesis in a rat model of chr...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Liraglutide Attenuates the Depressive- and Anxiety-like Behaviour in the Corticosterone Induced Depression Model Via Improving Hippocampal Neural Plasticity.
Abstract Recent studies indicate that metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity are a major risk factor of psychiatric diseases. This relationship opens the opportunity to develop new antidepressant drugs by repurposing antidiabetic drugs. Previous research has demonstrated that GLP-1 analogs are neuroprotective in several neurological disease models including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke. In addition, the GLP-1 analog liraglutide has been shown to promote neurogenesis, which is seen to play important roles in memory formation and cognitive and emotional processing. However...
Source: Brain Research - April 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Weina H, Yuhu N, Christian H, Birong L, Feiyu S, Le W Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Different Associations of Plasma Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Vascular Dementia, and Ischemic Stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of differences in the expression levels of plasma biomarkers and peripheral arterial tonometry among AD, MCI, VaD, and IS patients and normal controls. These different associations indicate that diverse pathological mechanisms underlie these diseases. PMID: 29629537 [PubMed]
Source: Journal of Clinical Neurology - April 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: J Clin Neurol Source Type: research

Postpartum Increases in Cerebral Edema and Inflammation in response to Placental Ischemia during Pregnancy.
Abstract Reduced placental blood flow results in placental ischemia, an initiating event in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, a hypertensive pregnancy disorder. While studies show increased mortality risk from Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and cerebrovascular complications in women with a history of preeclampsia, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. During pregnancy, placental ischemia, induced by reducing uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP), leads to cerebral edema and increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability; however whether these complications persist after delivery is not known. Therefore, we tested ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - March 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Clayton AM, Shao Q, Paauw ND, Giambrone AB, Granger JP, Warrington JP Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Qualitative Analysis of Mini Mental State Examination Pentagon in Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Longitudinal Explorative Study
Vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease are the most diffuse forms of dementia. Sometimes, they are difficult to distinguish due to overlaps in symptomatology, pathophysiology, and comorbidity. Visual constructive apraxia is very common in dementia and impairment in these abilities can provide clinical information for differential diagnosis.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Viviana Lo Buono, Lilla Bonanno, Francesco Corallo, Maria Foti, Rosanna Palmeri, Marra Angela, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Antonino Todaro, Placido Bramanti, Alessia Bramanti, Silvia Marino Source Type: research

Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) in Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Regulation and Implication
AbstractNeurological diseases, including acute attacks (e.g., ischemic stroke) and chronic neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer ’s disease), have always been one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. These debilitating diseases represent an enormous disease burden, not only in terms of health suffering but also in economic costs. Although the clinical presentations differ for these diseases, a growing body of evidence suggests that oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in brain tissue significantly contribute to their pathology. However, therapies attempting to prevent oxidative damage o...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Italian Wikipedia and epilepsy: An infodemiological study of online information-seeking behavior.
Abstract Wikipedia is the most commonly accessed source of health information by both healthcare professionals and the lay public worldwide. We aimed to evaluate information-seeking behavior of Internet users searching the Italian Wikipedia for articles related to epilepsy and its treatment. Using Pageviews Analysis, we assessed the total and mean monthly views of articles from the Italian Wikipedia devoted to epilepsy, epileptic syndromes, seizure type, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) from January 1, 2015 to October 31, 2017. We compared the views of the article on epilepsy with those of articles focusing on Alzhe...
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - February 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Brigo F, Lattanzi S, Giussani G, Tassi L, Pietrafusa N, Galimberti CA, Nardone R, Bragazzi NL, Mecarelli O Tags: Epilepsy Behav Source Type: research

Italian Wikipedia and epilepsy: An infodemiological study of online information-seeking behavior
Publication date: Available online 14 February 2018 Source:Epilepsy & Behavior Author(s): Francesco Brigo, Simona Lattanzi, Giorgia Giussani, Laura Tassi, Nicola Pietrafusa, Carlo Andrea Galimberti, Raffaele Nardone, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Oriano Mecarelli Wikipedia is the most commonly accessed source of health information by both healthcare professionals and the lay public worldwide. We aimed to evaluate information-seeking behavior of Internet users searching the Italian Wikipedia for articles related to epilepsy and its treatment. Using Pageviews Analysis, we assessed the total and mean monthly views of articl...
Source: Epilepsy and Behavior - February 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Why do people search Wikipedia for information on multiple sclerosis?
Conclusion Wikipedia searches do not reliably reflect its actual epidemiology. Celebrities with MS acting as testimonials might effectively increase public knowledge on MS.
Source: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders - February 5, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The neuroimaging basis of apathy: Empirical findings and conceptual challenges
Publication date: Available online 2 February 2018 Source:Neuropsychologia Author(s): Sergio E. Starkstein, Simone Brockman Apathy, usually defined as loss of motivation, is common in both neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, and acute neurological disorders such as stroke. Neuroradiological studies on the imaging correlates of apathy have used a variety of methods such as structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and single photon and positron emission tomography to assess brain metabolic activity and specific synaptic receptors. Dysfunction of the anterior cingu...
Source: Neuropsychologia - February 2, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular and Alzheimer disease: fellow travelers or partners in crime?
This article is part of the Special Issue “Vascular Dementia”. Dementia in elderly individuals is often associated with multiple pathologies. In this review, we focus on findings from a meta‐analyses of longitudinal studies that suggest that a quarter of elderly have Alzheimer pathology without cognitive impairment, another quarter have asymptomatic cerebrovascular pathology without cognitive impairment, but that the combination doubles the chances that the individual will develop dementia.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - January 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Antonia Nucera, Vladimir Hachinski Tags: Review Source Type: research

Reduced glucose transporter-1 in brain derived circulating endothelial cells in mild Alzheimer's disease patients.
Abstract Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Methods to study cells of the BBB in vivo would facilitate analyses of neurovascular damage in early AD. Thus, we conducted a pilot study to investigate if brain-derived endothelial cells (BDCECs) could be identified from a cell population of circulating endothelial cells (CECs). Peripheral blood was sampled from early AD patients (n = 9), patients with vascular diseases (myocardial infarction (n = 8) and ischemic stroke (n = 8)), and healthy controls (n = 8). We enumerated CD34(+)/CD146(+)/CD45(-) cells (CECs) and Glucose ...
Source: Brain Research - November 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Vogelsang P, Giil LM, Lund A, Vedeler CA, Parkar AP, Nordrehaug JE, Kristoffersen EK Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research