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Total 150 results found since Jan 2013.

Pre-injury Comorbidities Are Associated With Functional Impairment and Post-concussive Symptoms at 3- and 6-Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study
Conclusions: Pre-injury psychiatric and pre-injury headache/migraine symptoms are risk factors for worse functional and post-concussive outcomes at 3- and 6-months post-mTBI. mTBI patients presenting to acute care should be evaluated for psychiatric and headache/migraine history, with lower thresholds for providing TBI education/resources, surveillance, and follow-up/referrals. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01565551. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2013 ~2.8 million TBI cases were recorded an...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Orexin-A Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation at the Level of the Intestinal Barrier
We examined a possible protective effect of OX-A against LPS-induced ROS formation and microglia activation. To mimic in vitro the connection between gut and brain and to study the putative effect on the cortical microglia, we used a co-culture of Caco-2 cells and primary cortical microglia with Caco-2 cells placed at the apical side of a transwell and primary cortical microglia at the basolateral side. All treatments used to study the apical vs. basal connection were applied to the apical compartment. We used DHR (10 μM, 20 min), a cell-permeable fluorogenic probe useful for the detection of ROS formation, to dete...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 9, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The Discovery and Development of Liraglutide and Semaglutide
We describe one such approach, albumin binding, and explain how it was applied in the development of the human GLP-1 analog liraglutide once daily and, subsequently, semaglutide once weekly. The pharmacology of these two long-acting GLP-1 analogs, in terms of improving glycemic control, reducing body weight and decreasing cardiovascular (CV) risk, is also reviewed, together with some novel biology. In addition, we describe the importance of accurate target (GLP-1 receptor) tissue expression analysis. Now an established class of agents, GLP-1-based therapies represent a significant advance in the treatment of T2D. All curr...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 11, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Pentraxin 3 in Cardiovascular Disease
Giuseppe Ristagno1*, Francesca Fumagalli1, Barbara Bottazzi2, Alberto Mantovani2,3,4, Davide Olivari1, Deborah Novelli1 and Roberto Latini1 1Department of Cardiovascular Research, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy 2Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy 3Humanitas University, Milan, Italy 4The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom The long pentraxin PTX3 is a member of the pentraxin family produced locally by stromal and myeloid cells in response to proinflammatory signals and microbial moieties. The p...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 16, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Geniposide Alleviates Glucocorticoid-Induced Inhibition of Osteogenic Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells by ERK Pathway
Conclusion In summary, we demonstrated that geniposide alleviated GC-induced osteogenic suppression in MC3T3-E1 cells. The effects of geniposide were at least partially associated with activating ERK signaling pathway via GLP-1 receptor. Geniposide might be a potential therapeutic agent for protection against GC-induced osteoporosis. Author Contributions BX, DX, CZ, and LW participated in research design. BX, JW, YL, XW, and ZZ conducted the experiments. BX, DX, and LW contributed new reagents or analytic tools and wrote or contributed to the writing of the manuscript. BX, JW, CZ, and DX performed the data analysis. Fu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 17, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Ability to Suppress TGF- β-Activated Myofibroblast Differentiation Distinguishes the Anti-pulmonary Fibrosis Efficacy of Two Danshen-Containing Chinese Herbal Medicine Prescriptions
Conclusion: This study suggests that a clinically efficacious cardiovascular Chinese herbal medicine (DLP) can be successfully repurposed to treat a lung disease in pulmonary fibrosis guided by TCM theory. Our comparative study between DLP and DHP demonstrated a critical requirement of suppressing both pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, supporting that a multi-component prescription capable of “removing both phlegm and blood stasis” will better achieve co-protection of heart and lung in PHD. Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Sex Difference of Radiation Response in Occupational and Accidental Exposure
Conclusion and Outlook This review summarizes the data from major human studies on the health risks of radiation exposure and shows that sex can potentially influence the prolonged response to radiation exposure (Figure 1 and Tables 1, 2). These data suggest that long-term radiosensitivity in females is higher than that in males who receive a comparable dose of radiation. Our analysis of the literature agrees with the conclusions of the recent report on the Biological effects of ionizing radiation (BEIR VII) published in 2006 by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), United States (National Research Council, 2006). The B...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 2, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

STIR-Net: Deep Spatial-Temporal Image Restoration Net for Radiation Reduction in CT Perfusion
In this study, we finalize extensive experiments to appraise the image restoration performance at different levels of tube current and spatial and temporal resolution scales. The results demonstrate the capability of our STIR-Net to restore high-quality scans at as low as 11% of absorbed radiation dose of the current imaging protocol, yielding an average of 10% improvement for perfusion maps compared to the patch-based log likelihood method.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Multicentric Registry Study on Epidemiological and Biological Disease Profile as Well as Clinical Outcome in Patients with Low-Grade Gliomas: The LoG-Glio Project
Conclusion The LoG-Glio registry has been successfully implemented. Applied selection criteria result in an appropriately balanced patient cohort. Short-term outcome data on epidemiology as well as the influence of current surgical techniques and adjuvant treatment on patient outcomes are expected. In the long run, the aim of the registry is to validate the new molecular-based WHO classification and the influence of the extent of resection on progression-free survival and OS. The registry provides an open platform for future research projects benefiting patients with LGG. Trial registration NCT02686229 Clinical tria...
Source: Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery - September 23, 2019 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Pala, Andrej Nadji-Ohl, Minou Faust, Katharina R ückriegel, Stefan Roder, Constantin von der Brelie, Christian Forster, Marie-Therese L öbel, Franziska Schommer, Stefan L öhr, Mario Gr übel, Nadja Rothenbacher, Dietrich K önig, Ralph Engelke, Jens Sc Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

12 Innovations That Will Change Health Care and Medicine in the 2020s
Pocket-size ultrasound devices that cost 50 times less than the machines in hospitals (and connect to your phone). Virtual reality that speeds healing in rehab. Artificial intelligence that’s better than medical experts at spotting lung tumors. These are just some of the innovations now transforming medicine at a remarkable pace. No one can predict the future, but it can at least be glimpsed in the dozen inventions and concepts below. Like the people behind them, they stand at the vanguard of health care. Neither exhaustive nor exclusive, the list is, rather, representative of the recasting of public health and medic...
Source: TIME: Health - October 25, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: TIME Staff Tags: Uncategorized HealthSummit19 technology Source Type: news

A Single-Scan, Rapid Whole-Brain Protocol for Quantitative Water Content Mapping With Neurobiological Implications
Water concentration is tightly regulated in the healthy human brain and changes only slightly with age and gender in healthy subjects. Consequently, changes in water content are important for the characterization of disease. MRI can be used to measure changes in brain water content, but as these changes are usually in the low percentage range, highly accurate and precise methods are required for detection. The method proposed here is based on a long-TR (10 s) multiple-echo gradient-echo measurement with an acquisition time of 7:21 min. Using such a long TR ensures that there is no T1 weighting, meaning that the image inten...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - December 19, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Modified-BEP Chemotherapy in Patients With Germ-Cell Tumors Treated at a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Conclusion: In GCT patients, our mBEP-schedule would suggest an effective treatment modality without suffering meaningful pulmonary toxicity.
Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 27, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Original Articles: Genitourinary Source Type: research

68 GaABY-028: an albumin-binding domain (ABD) protein-based imaging tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of altered vascular permeability and predictions of albumin-drug conjugate transport
Conclusions[68Ga]ABY-028 is a promising new tracer for visualization of changes in albumin uptake due to disease- and pharmacologically altered vascular permeability and their potential effects on the passive uptake of targeting therapeutics based on the ABD protein technology.
Source: EJNMMI Research - September 21, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Isolated oculomotor nerve palsy as a manifestation of diffuse large B cell lymphoma: A case report.
Authors: Khaleefah MM, Narayanan S, Dallal HAA, Jones CM, Friedland RP, Palade AE, Remmel KS, Shah JJ Abstract An isolated third nerve palsy presenting as the primary manifestation of a lymphoma is rare, with only few cases having been described. The present study reports an unusual case of a healthy 67-year old male diagnosed with isolated right oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP), who was found to have an underlying B cell lymphoma. The patient's medical records were accessed upon consent. A thorough physical examination, including stroke and infections work-ups were performed. A chest computerized tomography (CT), brai...
Source: Oncology Letters - October 6, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Lett Source Type: research

Automated radiosynthesis and in vivo PET evaluation of VEGFR2 ligand 11CBTFP
Conclusions: [11C]BTFP, a high affinity and selective VEGFR2 ligand amenable for radiolabeling with [11C]isotope, is synthesized and radiolabeled. microPET imaging studies exhibit BBB penetration and retention of [11C]BTFP in mice brain. The details of radiosynthesis and imaging experiments will be presented. References: (1) Shim, J.W.; Madsen, J.R. VEGF Signaling in Neurological Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(1): 275. (2) Apte RS, Chen DS, Ferrara N. VEGF in Signaling and Disease: Beyond Discovery and Development. Cell. 2019, 176(6):1248.
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 18, 2021 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Neelamegam, R., Kumar, D. Tags: Automation & amp; Technology Development Source Type: research