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Cancer: Bone Cancers

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Total 366 results found since Jan 2013.

Inhibition of CHK1 sensitizes Ewing sarcoma cells to the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor gemcitabine.
In this report, we show that Ewing sarcoma cells are sensitive to treatment with clofarabine, which is a nucleoside analogue and allosteric inhibitor of RNR. However, clofarabine is a reversible inhibitor of RNR and we found that the effect of clofarabine is limited when using a short (6-hour) drug treatment. Gemcitabine, on the other hand, is an irreversible inhibitor of the RRM1 subunit of RNR and this drug induces apoptosis in Ewing sarcoma cells when used in both 6-hour and longer drug treatments. Treatment of Ewing sarcoma cells with gemcitabine also results in activation of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), which is a crit...
Source: Oncotarget - November 22, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

CPNE1 silencing inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of human osteosarcoma cells.
Authors: Jiang Z, Jiang J, Zhao B, Yang H, Wang Y, Guo S, Deng Y, Lu D, Ma T, Wang H, Wang J Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of the bone affecting children and adolescents. Copine 1 (CPNE1) is a highly conserved calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein and may function in regulating signal transduction and membrane trafficking. In the present study, we investigated CPNE1 expression in osteosarcoma tissues and cells, and studied the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-targeting CPNE1 on proliferation, metastasis and chemosensitivity of the osteosarcoma cells. The results ...
Source: Oncology Reports - December 6, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

CYR61/CCN1 Regulates Sclerostin Levels and Bone Maintenance
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research - January 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Gexin Zhao, Bau ‐Lin Huang, Diana Rigueur, Weiguang Wang, Chimay Bhoot, Kemberly R Charles, Jongseung Baek, Subburaman Mohan, Jie Jiang, Karen M. Lyons Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Expression and therapeutic implications of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in osteosarcoma
Publication date: Available online 13 February 2018 Source:Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease Author(s): Yubing Zhou, Jacson K. Shen, Zujiang Yu, Francis J. Hornicek, Quancheng Kan, Zhenfeng Duan Overexpression and/or hyperactivation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) has been found in many types of human cancers, and a CDK4 specific inhibitor, palbociclib, has been recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the expression and the therapeutic potential of CDK4 in osteosarcoma remain unclear. In the present study, CDK4 was found to be highly expressed in human o...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - February 13, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Expression and therapeutic implications of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in osteosarcoma.
Abstract Overexpression and/or hyperactivation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) has been found in many types of human cancers, and a CDK4 specific inhibitor, palbociclib, has been recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the expression and the therapeutic potential of CDK4 in osteosarcoma remain unclear. In the present study, CDK4 was found to be highly expressed in human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines as compared with normal human osteoblasts. Elevated CDK4 expression correlated with metastasis potential and poor prognosis in osteosarcoma patients as determined by immunohi...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - February 13, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhou Y, Shen JK, Yu Z, Hornicek FJ, Kan Q, Duan Z Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Downregulation of lncRNA H19 inhibits migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma through the NF- κB pathway.
Downregulation of lncRNA H19 inhibits migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma through the NF-κB pathway. Mol Med Rep. 2018 Mar 14;: Authors: Zhao J, Ma ST Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in the development of osteosarcoma and to determine the underlying mechanism involved. A total of 40 patients with osteosarcoma were selected and the expression level of H19 in tumor tissue and adjacent healthy tissue was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan‑Meier me...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - March 25, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

GPNMB silencing suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
In conclusion, we provided evidence that GPNMB silencing regulated the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, GPNMB may be a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma treatment. PMID: 29620278 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncology Reports - April 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Long non-coding RNA THOR promotes human osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
Abstract Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) dysregulation is associated with human osteosarcoma (OS) cell progression. Recent studies have characterized a novel but ultra-conserved LncRNA THOR ("Lnc-THOR") as a cancer-specific LncRNA, mediating cell growth. In the current study, we show that Lnc-THOR is expressed in established and primary human OS cells. It is also detected in human OS tissues, but not in the surrounding normal bone tissues. siRNA-induced knockdown or CRSIPR/Cas9-mediated knockout Lnc-THOR significantly inhibited human OS cell survival and proliferation. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protei...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 4, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chen W, Chen M, Xu Y, Chen X, Zhou P, Zhao X, Pang F, Liang W Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Raddeanin A, a natural triterpenoid saponin compound, exerts anticancer effect on human osteosarcoma via the ROS/JNK and NF- κB signal pathway.
Raddeanin A, a natural triterpenoid saponin compound, exerts anticancer effect on human osteosarcoma via the ROS/JNK and NF-κB signal pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2018 May 27;: Authors: Ma B, Zhu J, Zhao A, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang Q Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent and high mortality primary bone tumor in the adolescent. And it is well-known for poor prognosis due to high incidence of metastasis. Raddeanin A (RA), an active component of Anemone raddeana Regel, showed potential anti-cancer activities. However, the anti-tumor effect and molecular mechanism(s) of RA o...
Source: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology - May 27, 2018 Category: Toxicology Authors: Ma B, Zhu J, Zhao A, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang Q Tags: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Source Type: research

Silencing Ubc9 expression suppresses osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and enhances chemosensitivity to HSV-TK/GCV by regulating connexin  43 SUMOylation.
In conclusion, the present study revealed a novel method for the effective restoration of GJIC in osteosarcoma cells, which may increase their sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy. PMID: 29956745 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - June 21, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhang D, Yu K, Yang Z, Li Y, Ma X, Bian X, Liu F, Li L, Liu X, Wu W Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Theabrownin triggers DNA damage to suppress human osteosarcoma U2OS cells by activating p53 signalling pathway.
Abstract Osteosarcoma becomes the second leading cause of cancer death in the younger population. Current outcomes of chemotherapy on osteosarcoma were unsatisfactory to date, demanding development of effective therapies. Tea is a commonly used beverage beneficial to human health. As a major component of tea, theabrownin has been reported to possess anti-cancer activity. To evaluate its anti-osteosarcoma effect, we established a xenograft model of zebrafish and employed U2OS cells for in vivo and in vitro assays. The animal data showed that TB significantly inhibited the tumour growth with stronger effect than t...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - July 11, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jin W, Zhou L, Yan B, Yan L, Liu F, Tong P, Yu W, Dong X, Xie L, Zhang J, Xu Y, Li C, Yuan Q, Shan L, Efferth T Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

LncRNA THOR acts as a retinoblastoma promoter through enhancing the combination of c-myc mRNA and IGF2BP1 protein
In conclusion, this study makes clear that lncRNA THOR is up-regulated in retinoblastoma, and its over-expression significantly enhances the malignant phenotype transformation of retinoblastoma cells through up-regulating c-myc expression via enhancing its combination with TGF2BP1 protein. Overall, our study illustrates that lncRNA THOR/c-myc molecular cascade might be another potent target for retinoblastoma treatment.
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - July 20, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking of a chromatin-modifying and remodelling protein (KMT2C), in osteosarcoma.
Authors: Chiappetta C, Puggioni C, Carletti R, Petrozza V, Della Rocca C, Di Crisfofano C Abstract Osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric primary non-hematopoietic bone tumor; the survival is related to the response to chemotherapy and development of metastases. KMT2C is a chromatin-modifying and remodelling protein and its expression has never been studied in osteosarcoma. The aim of this study was to understand the role of KMT2C in the osteosarcoma carcinogenesis and metastatic progression to identify a new molecular target and to provide new therapeutic approach. We performed the immunohistochemical and gene...
Source: Oncotarget - August 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells.
Conclusion: LncRNA NEAT1 was up-regulated in osteosarcoma tissue, promoting proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. These findings indicate the role of this substance, as a growth regulator in osteosarcoma, and thus it may serve as a novel biomarker, and drug target for developing osteosarcoma therapies. PMID: 30123061 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences - August 21, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Int J Med Sci Source Type: research

Interleukin-22 Promotes Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation and Invasion via STAT3 Activation.
CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that IL-22 promotes OS cells proliferation and invasion and its effect is mediated by activation of the STAT3 pathway. These findings demonstrate that IL-22 may serve as a promising molecular biomarker for diagnosis and therapy for OS patients. PMID: 30381753 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - November 3, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research