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Interruption of platelets and thrombin function as a new approach against liver fibrosis induced experimentally in rats
In conclusion, activation of coagulation cascade is a triggering stimulus in the initiation of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and the anticoagulant drugs may exert promising anti-fibrotic effect.Graphical abstract
Source: Life Sciences - June 1, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Sex Difference of Radiation Response in Occupational and Accidental Exposure
Conclusion and Outlook This review summarizes the data from major human studies on the health risks of radiation exposure and shows that sex can potentially influence the prolonged response to radiation exposure (Figure 1 and Tables 1, 2). These data suggest that long-term radiosensitivity in females is higher than that in males who receive a comparable dose of radiation. Our analysis of the literature agrees with the conclusions of the recent report on the Biological effects of ionizing radiation (BEIR VII) published in 2006 by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), United States (National Research Council, 2006). The B...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 2, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD+ as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance
Conclusion and Perspectives Gliomas are the most prevalent primary brain cancer in adults and include a broad category of tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and GBM. Regardless of tumor aggressiveness, malignancy, and infiltration, these glia-derived tumors rarely exceed a median survival time of 12–14 months. Driven by the infiltrative nature of these tumors, the clinical approach is difficult and relapses often occur with fatal consequences. These unsuccessful attempts to control glioma's fate have fostered research looking for more effective therapies. (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133&#...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A Genetic Variant of miR-34a Contributes to Susceptibility of Ischemic Stroke Among Chinese Population
This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81560552, 81260234), Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (CN) (2017JJA180826), Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education (CN) (201601009) and Key Laboratory Open Project Fund of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (CN) (kfkt20160064). Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Supplementary Material The Supplementary Material for this article can be fou...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Pentraxin 3 in Cardiovascular Disease
Giuseppe Ristagno1*, Francesca Fumagalli1, Barbara Bottazzi2, Alberto Mantovani2,3,4, Davide Olivari1, Deborah Novelli1 and Roberto Latini1 1Department of Cardiovascular Research, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy 2Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy 3Humanitas University, Milan, Italy 4The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom The long pentraxin PTX3 is a member of the pentraxin family produced locally by stromal and myeloid cells in response to proinflammatory signals and microbial moieties. The p...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 16, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Role of TREK-1 in Health and Disease, Focus on the Central Nervous System
Conclusion and Perspectives Since their cloning 20 years ago, the physiological importance of TREK-1 channels has continued to grow (Figure 3). Today, TREK-1 channels have been shown to be important and their presence is essential in a number of physiopathological processes. Their involvement in these different processes demonstrate the necessity to design pharmacological modulators, activators or inhibitors, of these channels to correct any TREK-1-related dysfunctions. Despites a number of studies and many molecule screenings, only few putative new drugs were identified. The activators belonging to the ML and BL series ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The lncRNA MALAT1 rs619586 G Variant Confers Decreased Susceptibility to Recurrent Miscarriage
In conclusion, our study suggests that the rs619586 G variant may have potential protective effects conferring a decreased risk of recurrent miscarriage in the southern Chinese population. Introduction Recurrent miscarriage is defined as the loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies before 20 weeks of gestation (Jaslow et al., 2010; Diejomaoh, 2015). The occurrence of recurrent miscarriage is associated with many factors, including genetic factors, immunological dysfunction, endocrine disorders, unhealthy lifestyles and defects of the reproductive organs (Saravelos and Regan, 2014; Sen et al., 2014; Garrido-Gimen...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 8, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Accelerated Risk of Premature Ischemic Stroke in 5-Year Survivors of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.
CONCLUSION: Not only was the stroke risk in NPC survivors higher than that in the general population, but the onset age was also 10 years earlier. Future survivorship care should include ischemic stroke as a late complication, for its proper prevention and management. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is endemic in Taiwan, and its 5-year survival is 65.2%. With the increased 5-year cancer survivors, survivorship has become an important issue. However, research on NPC survivorship is very rare. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first population-based study on long-term NPC survivors. This s...
Source: The Oncologist - March 20, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chen MC, Kuan FC, Huang SF, Lu CH, Chen PT, Huang CE, Wang TY, Chen CC, Lee KD Tags: Oncologist Source Type: research

Long non-coding SNHG1 in cancer
ConclusionSNHG1 likely acts as a useful tumour biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
Source: Clinica Chimica Acta - March 6, 2019 Category: Laboratory Medicine Source Type: research

Long non-coding SNHG1 in cancer.
CONCLUSION: SNHG1 likely acts as a useful tumour biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. PMID: 30849309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - March 4, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Thin K, Tu JC, Sudheesh C Tags: Clin Chim Acta Source Type: research

Synchronous cerebral arteriovenous malformation and lung adenocarcinoma carcinoma brain metastases: A case study and literature review.
CONCLUSION: This case represents a previously undocumented confluence of cranial AVM that initially masked a non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis. PMID: 30638546 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurochirurgie - January 15, 2019 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Neurochirurgie Source Type: research

A nomogram for the prediction of cerebrovascular disease among patients with brain necrosis after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
In various cancer populations, radiotherapy is associated with the development of vascular disease [1 –4]. Previous studies have established an increased incidence of carotid stenosis (CAS) and ischemic stroke in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy [4,5]. A study of 6862 patients (age>65  years) showed that five-year incidence of cerebrovascular events was 19% in patients treated with radiotherapy alone compared with 14% in patients treated with surgery plus radiotherapy; the corresponding ten-year incidence were 34% and 25%, respectively [4].
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology - December 21, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Jinhua Cai, Jinping Cheng, Honghong Li, Wei-Jye Lin, Yi Li, Xiaohuang Zhuo, Xiaolong Huang, Charles B. Simone, Wilbert S. Aronow, Edward L.W. Chow, Yamei Tang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

A Study on Etiopathogenesis of Vocal Cord Paresis and Palsy in a Tertiary Centre
AbstractTo identify patients of vocal cord paresis and palsy and to establish an etiological diagnosis based on a study performed in a tertiary centre. Study was done prospectively in the Department of ENT in KIMS Hospital, Bangalore, for 1  year, from June 2016 to June 2017. 100 patients with vocal cord paresis and palsy were identified and examined by using various tests and investigations to establish the etiology. Most of the patients presented with complaints of change in voice (92%). Some of the other common presenting complaint s included noisy breathing and difficulty in swallowing, difficulty in voice production ...
Source: Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery - October 8, 2018 Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515.FindingsPatients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat popu...
Source: The Lancet - October 5, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

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