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Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Nrf2 as a Potential Mediator of Cardiovascular Risk in Metabolic Diseases
Conclusion Activation of the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant system plays an important role in cell defense against oxidative stress damage, whereas the insufficiency of the Nrf2 system is associated with multiple aspects of the genesis and progression of metabolic diseases, posing a great risk to the cardiovascular system (Figure 1). The systemic increase of Nrf2 activity by several activators may be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases. In addition, selective upregulation of Nrf2 genes may represent a potential therapy in obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Looking to the future, experimental research that el...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Current Strategies and Drug Targets in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
CONCLUSION: This review discusses the strategies and future perspectives in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus particularly antidiabetic agents which are helpful for the betterment of diabetic patients. PMID: 30051787 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Drug Targets - July 27, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kaur P, Mittal A, Nayak SK, Vyas M, Mishra V, Khatik GL Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

Heart Transplant Outcomes in Patients With Pretransplant Diabetes Mellitus.
CONCLUSIONS: Heart transplant recipients with pretransplant diabetes fared just as well as patients without pretransplant diabetes in 7 of the 8 outcomes examined, except for the number of days hospitalized during the first 3 years after heart transplant. This study provides clinically important new information on the greater hospitalization time and the reasons for hospitalization during the first 3 years after heart transplant in patients with pretransplant diabetes. PMID: 29092871 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Critical Care - November 1, 2017 Category: Nursing Authors: Jalowiec A, Grady KL, White-Williams C Tags: Am J Crit Care Source Type: research

Long-Term Exposure to Road Traffic Noise and Nitrogen Dioxide and Risk of Heart Failure: A Cohort Study
Conclusions: Long-term exposure to NO2 and road traffic noise was associated with higher risk of heart failure, mainly among men, in both single- and two-pollutant models. High exposure to both pollutants was associated with highest risk. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1272 Received: 25 October 2016 Revised: 09 August 2017 Accepted: 09 August 2017 Published: 26 September 2017 Address correspondence to M. Sørensen. Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Telephone: +45 35257626. Email: mettes@cancer.dk Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/1...
Source: EHP Research - September 26, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Obesity and inflammation: the linking mechanism and the complications.
Authors: Ellulu MS, Patimah I, Khaza'ai H, Rahmat A, Abed Y Abstract Obesity is the accumulation of abnormal or excessive fat that may interfere with the maintenance of an optimal state of health. The excess of macronutrients in the adipose tissues stimulates them to release inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6, and reduces production of adiponectin, predisposing to a pro-inflammatory state and oxidative stress. The increased level of interleukin 6 stimulates the liver to synthesize and secrete C-reactive protein. As a risk factor, inflammation is an imbedded mechanism of develo...
Source: Archives of Medical Science - July 20, 2017 Category: General Medicine Tags: Arch Med Sci Source Type: research

MicroRNAs Mediated MMP Regulation: Current Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome.
Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a global socioeconomic problem rapidly progressing in accordance with increasing body mass index (BMI) and age. It is a consortium of risk factors, such as dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, leptin resistance, reduced adiponectin, glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Collectively, these factors accelerate the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and certain cancers such as breast, liver pancreatic, and colon cancer. Extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement membrane remodeling play a central role during pathogenesis of MS as they regu...
Source: Current Gene Therapy - July 7, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Saxena S, Jain A, Rani V Tags: Curr Gene Ther Source Type: research

Expensive New Diabetes Drugs Add Nothing But Cost And Complications
This is the fourth in an ongoing series of blogs exposing the rampant misuse of the medications so aggressively promoted by greedy drug companies. I am very lucky in having the perfect partner in this truth-vs-power effort to contradict Pharma propaganda with evidence based fact. Dick Bijl is President of the International Society of Drug Bulletins (ISDB), an impressive association of 53 national drug bulletins from all around the world, each of which publishes the best available data on the pluses and minuses of different medications. Drug bulletins help patients and doctors see through the misleading misinformation ge...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - November 17, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Added Sugars and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
CONCLUSIONS: Associations between added sugars and increased cardiovascular disease risk factors among US children are present at levels far below current consumption levels. Strong evidence supports the association of added sugars with increased cardiovascular disease risk in children through increased energy intake, increased adiposity, and dyslipidemia. The committee found that it is reasonable to recommend that children consume ≤25 g (100 cal or ≈6 teaspoons) of added sugars per day and to avoid added sugars for children <2 years of age. Although added sugars most likely can be safely consumed in low amounts as ...
Source: Circulation - August 21, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Vos MB, Kaar JL, Welsh JA, Van Horn LV, Feig DI, Anderson CA, Patel MJ, Cruz Munos J, Krebs NF, Xanthakos SA, Johnson RK, American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Clinical Cardiology Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Lasting Impact of an Ephemeral Organ: The Role of the Placenta in Fetal Programming
Recent advances in molecular and imaging technologies, “omics” fields, and data sciences are offering researchers an unprecedented look at the placenta, the master regulator of the fetal environment.© EPA/National Geographic Channel/Alamy Studies of infants conceived during the Dutch “Hunger Winter” provided some of the earliest clues that prenatal stress could affect health much later in life.© Nationaal Archief  © Evan Oto/Science Source In one study, the placental microbiome had a similar taxonomic profile as the oral microbiome, illustrated here by...
Source: EHP Research - July 1, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Featured Focus News July 2016 Source Type: research

Gender‐specific effects of oral hypoglycaemic agents on cancer risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus
ConclusionsOral insulin sensitizers, particularly thiazolidinedione, are associated with decreased malignancy risk in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - December 5, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: G. E. C. Sun, B. J. Wells, K. Yip, R. Zimmerman, D. Raghavan, M. W. Kattan, S. R. Kashyap Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Gender‐Specific Effects of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents on Cancer Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
ConclusionsOral insulin sensitizers, particularly thiazolidinedione, are associated with decreased malignancy risk in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - November 6, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Grace E. Ching Sun, Brian J. Wells, Kathleen Yip, Robert Zimmerman, Derek Raghavan, Michael W. Kattan, Sangeeta R. Kashyap Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Mortality and Other Important Diabetes-Related Outcomes With Insulin vs Other Antihyperglycemic Therapies in Type 2 Diabetes.
Conclusions: In people with T2DM, exogenous insulin therapy was associated with an increased risk of diabetes-related complications, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Differences in baseline characteristics between treatment groups should be considered when interpreting these results. PMID: 23372169 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 1, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Currie CJ, Poole CD, Evans M, Peters JR, Morgan CL Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

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