Cellular Senescence in the Aging Brain, a Contributing Cause of Cognitive Decline
Senescent cells are created throughout the body at all stages of life, largely when somatic cells reach the Hayflick limit on replication. Senescent cells cease replication and begin to energetically produce pro-growth, pro-inflammatory factors, attracting the attention of the immune system and otherwise changing the behavior of surrounding cells. Cell stress and mutational damage can induce senescence, and in this case senescence is a mechanism that acts to limit the risk of cancer. Tissue injury also produces senescent cells, and here they help to coordinate the activities of the many different cell types that become inv...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 26, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, December 25th 2023
This study generates a comprehensive single-cell transcriptomic atlas of human atherosclerosis including 118,578 high-quality cells from atherosclerotic coronary and carotid arteries. By performing systematic benchmarking of integration methods, we mitigated data overcorrection while separating major cell lineages. Notably, we define cell subtypes that have not been previously identified from individual human atherosclerosis scRNA-seq studies.
Besides characterizing granular cell-type diversity and communication, we leverage this atlas to provide insights into smooth muscle cell (SMC) modulation. We integrate genome...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 24, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Existing Geroprotective Drugs May Not Interact Well with Exercise
The big disadvantage of the geroprotective approach to aging, which is essentially to undertake the long-term use of supplements and small molecule drugs to alter metabolism in ways that slow aging over years and decades, is that distinct supplements and small molecules and adjustments tend to combine in unexpected ways. Short of testing every combination in laboratory species, something that Brian Kennedy's team has been working on, one can never know the outcome of combining a treatment. Based on presentations and interviews given by Kennedy in the last few years, the result of combining two geroprotectors that individua...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 21, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Inflammaging in the Inner Ear, a Path to Hearing Loss
Inflammaging is a blanket term for the inappropriate inflammatory reaction of the immune system to the accumulation of molecular damage and other changes that take place with age. Constant, low-grade, unresolved inflammatory activation of the immune system is a feature of aging. It alters cell behavior for the worse and is disruptive to tissue structure and function. A number of different mechanisms contribute to forming and maintaining the state of inflammaging, such as pro-inflammatory signaling produced by ever-larger numbers of senescent cells, and innate immune recognition of mislocalized mitochondrial DNA that result...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 20, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, December 18th 2023
In conclusion, given the relative safety and the favourable effects of aspirin, its use in cancer seems justified, and ethical implications of this imply that cancer patients should be informed of the present evidence and encouraged to raise the topic with their healthcare team.
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Aged Transplant Organs Cause Harm to Younger Recipients
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2023/12/aged-transplant-organs-cause-harm-to-younger-recipients/
Old tissues are dysfunctional in ways that young tissues are not. This has always been known in the context of organ transplants, but absent me...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 17, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Klotho Levels Decline with Age, But Are Unaffected by Physical Fitness at a Given Age
Klotho is a longevity-associated gene. Klotho functions within the cell, but a portion of the full protein is also released into the bloodstream. In humans, higher levels of circulating klotho correlate with lower incidence of age-related disease and mortality. In mice, interventions such as gene therapies that increase klotho levels have been shown to extend life, while reducing klotho levels shortens life. Klotho is thought to act within the kidney, where it is protective, slowing age-related decline of kidney function. Increased klotho levels produce cognitive improvement in mice and non-human primates, however, and hig...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 13, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Reviewing What is Known of Hair Aging
The aging of hair is a priority for many, but in the grand scheme of things we might perhaps want to suffer that loss in preference to the decline of other bodily systems more essential to life. If that choice in priority of research and development is offered, at least. In fact, while a sizable and vocal industry focuses on the little that can be done today to satisfy the demand for an end to the aging of hair, research and development does occur, but not to the degree one might imagine, and is moving very slowly. The age-related disruption of hair growth and coloration processes is complex and incompletely understood. Ev...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 13, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Toll-Like Receptors React to Molecular Damage to Contribute to the Inflammation of Aging
This review paper covers what is known of toll-like receptors in the development of age-related chronic inflammation, with a particular focus on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). A sizable number of researchers are focused on finding ways to suppress the constant overactivation of the immune system in later life by interfering in its regulation. Unfortunately, the sensing mechanisms involved are also required for normal immune function, so it is hard to envisage even sophisticated implementations of this strategy producing therapies that don't inhibit necessary immune functions, such as defense against pathogens and destruction...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 11, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, December 11th 2023
In this study, a single treatment at the peak of disease resulted in the ablation of senescent cells in the lung and attenuation of key fibrotic and inflammatory markers, which ultimately resolved fibrosis. Deciduous Therapeutics has used computational assisted design to synthesise a suite of proprietary therapies that could be used in the clinic to re-activate tissue-resident iNKT cells. To date, the company's lead program has shown single-dose efficacy in resolving both metabolic and fibrotic diseases along with a favorable safety profile at doses significantly higher than the efficacious dose.
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Source: Fight Aging! - December 10, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Reviewing the Role of Cellular Senescence in Pulmonary Fibrosis
The first small human clinical trial of the senolytic therapy of dasatinib and quercetin targeted idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, showing some benefit to patients. Later trials for kidney disease demonstrated that this treatment does remove a fraction of lingering senescent cells in human tissues in much the same way as it does in mice. Senescent cells accumulate with age in tissues throughout the body, the burden of these cells resulting from a growing gap between pace of creation and pace of clearance by the immune system. Researchers are coming to see a prominent role for senescent cells in all fibrotic conditions, in wh...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 7, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Lower Mitochondrial Copy Number Correlates with Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Lower mitochondrial copy number, meaning fewer copies of mitochondrial DNA and thus presumably fewer mitochondria in a cell, is here shown to correlate with the presence of age-related macular degeneration in older individuals. Mitochondrial copy number is one approach to measuring the degree of mitochondrial dysfunction present in tissues. In the study here, it is assessed in blood samples, and is thus a measure of the health of immune cells, the degree to which they are impacted by processes of aging. Many aspects of aging tend to correlate with one another, as aging emerges from a web of various forms of damage and dysf...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 6, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Muscle TFEB Overexpression Slows Cognitive Aging in Mice
Muscle tissue is metabolically active, and affects the operation of other organs. At this time, a good map of the important signals that pass between muscle and other tissues has yet to be created. Maintenance of muscle mass and function in later life clearly produces a more systemic benefit than simply postponing weakness and frailty, but the details of the biochemistry are not well understood. Thus researchers can perform muscle-specific interventions in animal models, such as the one noted here, show a slowing of cognitive aging to result from that intervention, but not have a good grasp of how exactly how the altered m...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 5, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
A Longevity Industry Feature in Biopharma Dealmakers: Repair Biotechnologies, Deciduous Therapeutics, and More
In this study, a single treatment at the peak of disease resulted in the ablation of senescent cells in the lung and attenuation of key fibrotic and inflammatory markers, which ultimately resolved fibrosis. Deciduous Therapeutics has used computational assisted design to synthesise a suite of proprietary therapies that could be used in the clinic to re-activate tissue-resident iNKT cells. To date, the company's lead program has shown single-dose efficacy in resolving both metabolic and fibrotic diseases along with a favorable safety profile at doses significantly higher than the efficacious dose. (Source: Fight Aging!)
Source: Fight Aging! - December 4, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Longevity Industry Source Type: blogs
In Alzheimer's Patients, Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Correlate with Neuroinflammation
Chronic, unresolved inflammation is a feature of aging. It emerges from mitochondrial dysfunction and mislocalization of mitochondrial DNA, from visceral fat tissue, from senescent cells, and from a range of other maladaptive processes. Sustained inflammatory signaling is disruptive of cell and tissue function. In recent years, researchers have come to put a greater emphasis on the role of chronic inflammation in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. While it remains the case that protein aggregation (of altered amyloid-β and tau) is the primary point of focus in Alzheimer's research and the development of tre...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 4, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, December 4th 2023
This study produced a great deal of data that continues to be mined for insights into human aging and effects of calorie restriction in a long-lived species such as our own, to contrast with the sizable effects on health and longevity in short-lived species such as mice.
In particular, and the topic for today, cellular senescence and its role in degenerative aging has garnered far greater interest in the research community in the years since the CALERIE study took place. Thus in today's open access paper, scientists examine CALERIE study data to find evidence for calorie restriction to reduce the burden of cellular ...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 3, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
