Looking at the Connection Between Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inflammation
Every cell contains hundreds of mitochondria, each with its own genome, mitochondrial DNA separate from that of the cell nucleus. The primary role of mitochondria is to generate chemical energy store molecules, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used to power cell activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction with aging isn't just a loss of ATP generation and production of a harmful amount of reactive oxygen species, however. It can also be connected with chronic inflammation, as mislocalization of mitochondrial DNA can trigger sensors of the innate immune system to provide inflammatory signaling. Mitochondria are the descendants of an...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 4, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, April 3rd 2023
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Longevity Industry Consulting Services
Reason, the founder of Fight Aging! and Repair Biotechnologies, offers strategic consulting services to investors, entrepreneurs, and others interested in the longevity industry and its complexities. To find out m...
Source: Fight Aging! - April 2, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Cellular Senescence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
This review paper goes into some detail regarding present thought on the role of senescent cells of different types in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Fibrosis in general is an often age-related dysfunction of normal tissue maintenance and regeneration, in which excessive extracellular matrix is created, leading to scar-like deposits that disrupt normal tissue structure and function. In the lung, this progressively impairs breathing and is ultimately fatal. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was one of the first conditions for which early senolytic drugs to clear senescent cells were tested in humans.
Idiopathic pulmona...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 31, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Reviewing the Benefits of Intermittent Fasting
The paper noted here discusses a range of studies assessing the ability of forms of intermittent fasting to improve long-term health and life expectancy. Results are generally positive, but one should expect long-lived mammals to exhibit smaller gains in longevity than are observed in short-lived mammals, following the known outcomes of calorie restriction. Intermittent fasting is not as well studied as the practice of calorie restriction, but does appear to work via a similar set of mechanisms, even when overall calorie intake is not much reduced. Time spent in a state of hunger, and the metabolic changes provoked by hung...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 27, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 27th 2023
This study has potentially significant implications in the field of OA as it provides a novel strategy for OA treatment.
A Vicious Cycle of Heart Failure and Dementia
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2023/03/a-vicious-cycle-of-heart-failure-and-dementia/
The end of life is not pretty. The body is a failing machine of many complex essential parts, and the failures cascade and feed into one another as it breaks down. There is pain, loss of capacity, loss of the self as the brain runs down. There is a tendency to paper over the ugly reality in public discussion, to not talk about the facts of the matter...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 26, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Age-Related Hearing Loss
Loss of sensory hair cells in the inner ear, or loss of the connections between these cells and the brain, drive age-related hearing loss. Researchers here focus on the contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to this condition, alongside the decline of autophagy in older individuals, leading to poor quality control of mitochondria and consequent loss of function. Many pharmacological approaches exist or are under development to improve autophagy to a degree similar to that resulting from structured exercise programs, but compelling evidence for significantly greater improvements are so far lacking. We can reasonably deba...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 24, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Cellular Senescence in Type 2 Diabetes
It has been a few years since researchers suggested a role for senescent cells in mediating the damage done by excess fat tissue in the context of type 2 diabetes. Senescent cells accumulate with age, but accumulate significantly faster in people who are meaningfully overweight or obese. The inflammatory signaling produced by lingering senescent cells is disruptive of tissue structure and function throughout the body, and that includes problems in the insulin-generating regions of the pancreas that take place in diabetes patients. Interestingly, senescent cells may also be important in type 1 diabetes, a completely differe...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 20, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 20th 2023
This study also provides the potential for de novo generation of complex organs in vivo.
T Cells May Play a Role in the Brain Inflammation Characteristic of Neurodegenerative Conditions
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2023/03/t-cells-may-play-a-role-in-the-brain-inflammation-characteristic-of-neurodegenerative-conditions/
Alzheimer's disease, and other forms of neurodegenerative condition, are characterized by chronic inflammation in brain tissue. Unresolved inflammatory signaling is disruptive of tissue structure and function. Here, researchers provide evidence for T cells to become involved in thi...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 19, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Loss of Odor Discrimination is the Earliest Age-Related Loss of Olfaction
Aspects of the sense of smell are some of the earlier casualties of central nervous system aging. Assessments of age-related olfactory dysfunction can provide some insight into the road to neurodegenerative conditions, as the same underlying mechanisms are at work. Researchers here assessed different aspects of olfaction in aging mice, finding that odor discrimination is first loss. Given the data provided to show that upregulation of NAD+ can slow this loss, we might think that mitochondrial dysfunction is an important contributing mechanism in this form of neurodegeneration.
Olfactory dysfunction is a prevalent...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 14, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 13th 2023
In this study, we report the extensive and progressive accumulation of misfolded proteins during natural aging/senescence in different models, in the absence of disease. We coined the term age-ggregates to refer to this subset of proteins. Our findings demonstrate that age-ggregates exhibit the main characteristics of misfolded protein aggregates implicated in PMDs, including insolubility in detergents, protease-resistance, and staining with dyes specific for misfolded aggregates. Misfolded protein aggregates with these characteristics are thought to be implicated in some of today most prevalent diseases, including Alzheim...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 12, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and its Interaction with Cellular Senescence
Aging is caused by a number of independent issues, forms of damage and dysfunction that arise as a consequence of the normal operation of a youthful and undamaged metabolism. If these processes remained independent, aging would be a far less challenging field of study than is the case, but unfortunately, everything interacts with everything else in cellular biology. Processes of damage encourage one another, and combine in complex ways to produce shared consequences. Those consequences can in turn interact with the underlying mechanisms of damage to alter and accelerate their effects.
In today's open access paper, r...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 6, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 6th 2023
In this study, we develop a rFOXN1 fusion protein that contains the N-terminal of CCR9, FOXN1, and TAT. We show here that, when injected intravenously (i.v.) into aged mice, the rFOXN1 fusion protein can migrate into the thymus and enhance T cell generation in the thymus, resulting in increased number of peripheral T cells. Our results suggest that the rFOXN1 fusion protein has the potential to be used in preventing and treating T cell immunodeficiency in the older adult.
Increased miR-181a-5p Expression Improves Neural Stem Cell Activity, Learning, and Memory in Old Mice
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/20...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 5, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Considering Proteostasis and Aging
Proteostasis is the normal maintenance of protein levels and protein structure in a cell. This is disrupted with age, the result of failing quality control, epigenetic change, and other issues. Loss of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging, but has the look of a consequence of aging, not a cause to be addressed. It is also highly complex, and thus progress towards practical therapies is probably better served by a focus on causes of aging rather than the fine details of age-related changes in the cell. Fix the causes, see how well those repair efforts improve long-term health, and then worry about the fine details of the bio...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 3, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
A Small Clinical Trial of NMN Fails to Produce Significant Results on Arterial Stiffness
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is involved in mitochondrial function, but levels decline with age for reasons that are not fully understood, alongside a loss of mitochondrial function. Thus there is some interest in delivering NAD precursor molecules, largely derived from vitamin B3, that can increase NAD levels. One might compare this trial of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) with a similar trial of nicotinamide riboside (NR) a few years ago, which produced a better outcome, but still nothing to write home about. People who advocate for upregulation of NAD in mitochondria might say that the dosing is too low, bu...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 1, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Connecting NANOG Expression with the Response to Methionine Restriction
Calorie restriction is known to slow aging, albeit to a much greater degree in short-lived species than in long-lived species. Finding important mechanisms involved in the beneficial response to calorie restriction continues to be a major focus on the research community, even though it is questionable as to whether this is a good approach to the treatment of aging. A sizable fraction of the response to calorie restriction appears to be mediated by methionine sensing, at least judging by the degree to which reducing methioninine intake can reproduce the benefits of full calorie restriction.
In today's open access pap...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 27, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
