Oil Bodies Extracted from High ‐Fat and Low‐Fat Soybeans: Stability and Composition During Storage
In this study, OBs were obtained by aqueous extraction from the mature seeds of 2 soybean crop cultivars, high‐fat soybean and low‐fat soybeans. The compositions of the extracted OBs were analyzed during storage at room temperature up to 14 d (pH = 7). The oxidative stability of these OBs, stored at 60 °C, was evaluated by measuring the presence of primary (lipid hydroperoxides) and secondary lipid oxidation products (malondialdehyde) by determining the standard peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS) value. During storage, the contents of unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, and ...
Source: Journal of Food Science - May 4, 2017 Category: Food Science Authors: Qiu Ling Wang, Chun Cui, Lian Zhou Jiang, Yue Liu, Xin Ting Liang, Jun Cai Hou Tags: Food Chemistry Source Type: research
A high-fat diet increases the incidence of mammary cancer inc-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic rats.
In this study, human c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic (Hras128) rats, which are highly susceptible to mammary carcinogens, were fed high- or low-fat diets to examine the relationship between fat consumption and the development of mammary cancer. Female 7-week-old Hras128 rats and wild-type littermates were administered benzo[a]pyrene. A week later, the animals were randomly assigned to high-fat or low-fat diet groups (45% or 10% of calories from fat, respectively). After 12 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and autopsied, and mammary tumors were excised and processed for microscopic observation. Mammary tumors were found i...
Source: Journal of Toxicologic Pathology - May 3, 2017 Category: Toxicology Tags: J Toxicol Pathol Source Type: research
Effects of an Ad Libitum Consumed Low-Fat Plant-Based Diet Supplemented with Plant-Based Meal Replacements on Body Composition Indices.
Conclusions. Low-fat, plant-based diet in free-living nonresidential conditions eaten ad libitum enables significant and meaningful body fat reductions with relative preservation of muscle mass. This trial is registered with NCT02906072, ClinicalTrials.gov.
PMID: 28459071 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Biomed Res)
Source: Biomed Res - May 2, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Jakše B, Pinter S, Jakše B, Bučar Pajek M, Pajek J Tags: Biomed Res Int Source Type: research
The effect of increasing dairy calcium intake of adolescent girls on changes in body fat and weight [Obesity and eating disorders]
Conclusion: Our findings that the dairy group gained body fat similar to the control group provide no support for dairy food as a stratagem to decrease body fat or weight gain in overweight adolescent girls. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01066806. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - May 1, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Lappe, J. M., McMahon, D. J., Laughlin, A., Hanson, C., Desmangles, J. C., Begley, M., Schwartz, M. Tags: Obesity and Metabolism Research Articles, Research Need: Impact of Nutrition on Healthy Growth, Development, and Reproduction Obesity and eating disorders Source Type: research
A fish oil diet induces mitochondrial uncoupling and mitochondrial unfolded protein response in epididymal white adipose tissue of mice.
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to the pathogenesis of obesity driven insulin resistance. Dietary conditions that alter fat mass are known to affect white adipocyte mitochondrial function, however, the impact of high calorie diets on white adipocyte mitochondria is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of a diet rich in saturated or polyunsaturated fat on mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR(mt)), a retrograde signaling response that maintains mitochondrial homeostasis, in epididymal WAT (eWAT). Mice were fed a low fat diet (LFD)...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 25, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Bhaskaran S S, Unnikrishnan A, Ranjit R, Qaisar R, Pharaoh G, Matyi S, Kinter M, Deepa SS Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research
Intramuscular Fat Infiltration Evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts the Extensibility of the Supraspinatus Muscle
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Muscle and Nerve)
Source: Muscle and Nerve - April 25, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Hugo Giambini, Taku Hatta, Gorny R. Krzysztof, Per Widholm, Anette Karlsson, Olof D. Leinhard, Mark C. Adkins, Chunfeng Zhao, Kai ‐Nan An Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Effect on nutritional, sensory, textural and microbiological properties of low ‐fat yoghurt supplemented with Jerusalem artichoke powder
The effect of supplementing two types of Jerusalem artichoke powder (JAP) with three different concentrations on the properties of low‐fat (LF) yoghurt was investigated. The results indicated that supplementation with JAPs improved the yoghurt's nutritional value, sensory score and microbial counts, while also ameliorating the syneresis, firmness and adhesiveness that was increased by the LF nature of the yoghurt. Although yoghurts with freeze‐dried (FD) JAP had higher viable counts of probiotics compared with oven‐dried (OD) JAP, the higher firmness and adhesiveness of yoghurts with the added FD JAP were undesirable...
Source: International Journal of Dairy Technology - April 25, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Xiulan Guo, Zhenjian Xie, Guoze Wang, Qiang Zou, Renyong Tang Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Low ‐fat Cheddar cheese made using microparticulated whey proteins: Effect on yield and cheese quality
Influence of different levels (0, 0.15, 0.35 or 0.50%) of microparticulated whey protein (MWP) on yield and quality of low‐fat (~7.3 g/100 g) Cheddar cheese was investigated. MWP improved cheese yield due to the water‐binding ability of denatured whey protein. MWP addition decreased meltability but improved the textural properties beneficial for shredding and slicing, by decreasing sensory firmness. The results emphasise the role of MWP as an inert filler within cheese matrix, in improving cheese yield and creating a softer texture without compromising the sensory or overall quality of cheese, even with moisture incr...
Source: International Journal of Dairy Technology - April 21, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Jessica A Stankey, Yanjie Lu, Abdelmoneim Abdalla, Selvarani Govindasamy ‐Lucey, John J Jaeggi, Bente Ø Mikkelsen, Kenneth T Pedersen, Claus B Andersen Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Short Term High Fat Diet Induces Obesity-Enhancing Changes in Mouse Gut Microbiota That are Partially Reversed by Cessation of the High Fat Diet
AbstractThe gut microbiota is proposed as a “metabolic organ” involved in energy utilization and is associated with obesity. Dietary intervention is one of the approaches for obesity management. Changes in dietary components have significant impacts on host metabolism and gut microbiota. In the present study, we examined the influence of dietary fat intervention on the modification of gut mucosa-associated microbiota profile along with body weight and metabolic parameter changes. Male C57BL/6J mice (6-week old) were fed a low fat diet (10% kcal fat) as a control or a high fat diet (HFD 60% kcal fat) for 7 weeks. In ...
Source: Lipids - April 20, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Flaxseed- and Buckwheat-Supplemented Diets Altered Enterobacteriaceae Diversity and Prevalence in the Cecum and Feces of Obese Mice.
The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae in the cecum and feces and its relationship to weight changes following flaxseed-, health-promoting compounds of flaxseed-, or buckwheat-supplemented diets. Seventy-two C57BL/6J male mice were randomly assigned to a diet group and fed for 8 weeks: high fat (45% kcal fat); 10% whole flaxseed (45% kcal fat); 6% defatted flaxseed (45% kcal fat); 4% flaxseed oil (45% kcal fat); 10% buckwheat (45% kcal fat); and low fat (16% kcal fat) diet groups. Significant differences in the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae in the cecum (p < .0348) and fe...
Source: Journal of Dietary Supplements - April 14, 2017 Category: Nutrition Tags: J Diet Suppl Source Type: research
Liraglutide suppression of caloric intake competes with the intake-promoting effects of a palatable cafeteria diet, but does not impact food or macronutrient selection.
Publication date: 1 August 2017 Source:Physiology & Behavior, Volume 177 Author(s): Kellie M. Hyde, Ginger D. Blonde, Carel W. le Roux, Alan C. Spector Liraglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is used as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity because it improves glycemia and decreases food intake. Here, we tested whether chronic activation of the GLP-1 receptor system with liraglutide would induce decreases in intake accompanied by changes in proportional food or macronutrient intake similar to those seen following RYGB in rats when a variety of palatable food options are...
Source: Physiology and Behavior - April 14, 2017 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy Does Not Affect Food Preferences When Assessed by an Ad libitum Buffet Meal
ConclusionThe reduction in energy intake after RYGB and SG surgery and the subsequent weight loss seems to be primarily related to a reduction in portion sizes and not by changes in food preferences towards less energy-dense foods. These results underline the necessity of investigating eating behavior by targeting direct behavior. (Source: Obesity Surgery)
Source: Obesity Surgery - April 14, 2017 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Dietary patterns and depression risk: A meta-analysis
Although some studies have reported potential associations of dietary patterns with depression risk, a consistent perspective hasn ’t been estimated to date. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relation between dietary patterns and the risk of depression. A literature research was conducted searching MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to September 2016. In total, 21 studies from ten countries met the inclu sion criteria and were included in the present meta-analysis. A dietary pattern characterized by a high intakes of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, fish, olive oil, low-fat dairy and antioxidants and...
Source: Psychiatry Research - April 11, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ye Li, Mei-Rong Lv, Yan-Jin Wei, Ling Sun, Ji-Xiang Zhang, Huai-Guo Zhang, Bin Li Source Type: research
Milk and dairy consumption and risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: dose –response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Abstract With a growing number of prospective cohort studies, an updated dose –response meta-analysis of milk and dairy products with all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD) or cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been conducted. PubMed, Embase and Scopus were searched for articles published up to September 2016. Random-effect meta-analyses with summarised dose–res ponse data were performed for total (high-fat/low-fat) dairy, milk, fermented dairy, cheese and yogurt. Non-linear associations were investigated using the spine models and heterogeneity by subgroup analyses. A total of 29 cohort studies were availabl...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 3, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research
An acute intake of theobromine does not change postprandial lipid metabolism, while a high-fat meal lowers chylomicron particle number
Postprandial responses predict cardiovascular disease risk. However, only a few studies have compared acute postprandial effects of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate (LF) meal with a high-fat, low-carbohydrate (HF) meal. Furthermore, theobromine has favorably affected fasting lipids, but postprandial effects are unknown. As both fat and theobromine have been reported to increase fasting apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) concentrations, the main hypothesis of this randomized, double blind crossover study was that acute consumption of a HF meal and a theobromine meal increased postprandial apoA-I concentrations, when compared with a LF...
Source: Nutrition Research - April 2, 2017 Category: Nutrition Authors: Lotte Smolders, Ronald P Mensink, Jogchum Plat Source Type: research
