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Intracranial Hemorrhages in Neonates: Incidence, Risk Factors and Treatment
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756195Hemostasis is a dynamic process that starts in utero. Neonates, especially those who are born preterm, are at high risk of bleeding. The coagulation system evolves with age, and the decreased levels of coagulation factors along with hypo-reactive platelets are counterbalanced with increased activity of von Willebrand factor, high hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume as well as low levels of coagulation inhibitors that promote hemostasis. Neonates with congenital bleeding disorders such as hemophilia are at even higher risk of bleeding complications. This review will focus up...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 15, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Andersson, Nadine G. Kenet, Gili Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Toward 50 years of Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756189 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis)
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 15, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Favaloro, Emmanuel J. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: The Past, Present, and Future Considerations
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756300Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has been understood as a consumptive coagulopathy. However, impaired hemostasis is a component of DIC that occurs in a progressive manner. The critical concept of DIC is systemic activation of coagulation with vascular endothelial damage. DIC is the dynamic coagulation/fibrinolysis disorder that can proceed from compensated to decompensated phases, and is not simply impaired hemostasis, a misunderstanding that continues to evoke confusion among clinicians. DIC is a critical step of disease progression that is important to monitor ov...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 13, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Iba, Toshiaki Levi, Marcel Thachil, Jecko Levy, Jerrold H. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Viscoelastic Testing in the Clinical Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Intracerebral Hemorrhage
In conclusion, viscoelastic testing suggests hypercoagulation following SAH and ICH. Further investigation of the predictive value of increased clot firmness in SAH seems relevant. In ICH, the prediction of hematoma expansion and ICH as a complication to thrombolysis might be clinically relevant. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis)
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 13, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Hvas, Christine Lodberg Hvas, Anne-Mette Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Analysis of College of American Pathologists von Willebrand Factor Proficiency Testing Program
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757132Von Willebrand factor (VWF) level and/or function is altered in von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most common heritable bleeding disorder worldwide. Laboratory assessment of VWF is continually evolving. Historically, the primary method for the assessment of VWF platelet-binding activity was the ristocetin cofactor assay (VWF:RCo). Contemporary alternative measures of VWF platelet-binding activity include VWF:GPIbR (recombinant; using ristocetin), VWF:GPIbM (recombinant; gain-of-function mutant), and monoclonal antibody. Recently, the American Society of Hematology, Internation...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 5, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Salazar, Eric Long, Thomas A. Smock, Kristi Johnson Wool, Geoffrey D. Rollins-Raval, Marian Chen, Dong Harris, Neil Selwyn Chan, Clarence W. Olson, John D. Pham, Huy P. Ritter, Jacob Unold, David VanSandt, Amanda Matzke Goodwin IV, Andrew Jackson Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Applicability of Thromboelastography in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Literature Review
This article aims to highlight the potential use of TEG in AIS patients by reviewing available studies. We conducted a literature review, including PubMed and Cochrane library databases. The following keywords were used to find relevant studies: thromboelastography, TEG, acute ischemic stroke, stroke, coagulopathy, antiplatelet, and anticoagulant treatment. We identified 142 papers and after abstract review, we included 24 studies in this report. TEG identified a hypercoagulable state in AIS patients represented by short R, K, and greater α angle in all papers included. Modification of TEG parameters induced by intravenou...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 5, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: P îrlog, Bianca O. Grotta, James C. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Laboratory Testing for the Evaluation of Phenotypic Activated Protein C Resistance
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757136Activated protein C (APC) resistance (APCR) is considered a risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The most common genetic disorder conferring APCR is a factor (F) V Leiden mutation, but many other factors are also implicated, such as other F5 mutations (e.g., FV Hong-Kong and FV Cambridge), protein S deficiency, elevated factor VIII, exogenous hormone use, pregnancy and postpartum, depending on how APCR is defined. Considering the large population affected, the detection of this phenotype is crucial. Two types of tests are currently available: clotting time-based assays...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 5, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Morimont, Laure Donis, Nathalie Bouvy, C éline Mullier, Fran çois Dogn é, Jean-Michel Douxfils, Jonathan Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

How Do Laboratories Perform von Willebrand Disease Diagnostics and Classification of von Willebrand Disease Patients? Results from External Quality Data and an International Survey
Conclusions Diagnosis of VWD is heterogeneous in diagnostic approach, guidelines, and cutoff values within large ranges of VWF results between laboratories. Harmonization of approaches and increased accuracy of VWF measurements may help to establish a correct diagnosis. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis)
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 5, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Hollestelle, Martine J. Meijers, Joost C. M. Meijer, Piet Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Thromboelastography-Guided Therapy Enhances Patient Blood Management in Cirrhotic Patients: A Meta-analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials
This study aimed to determine whether the use of thromboelastography in adult patients with cirrhosis decreases blood product use and impacts adverse events or mortality compared with standard practice. A registered (PROSPERO CRD42020192458) systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing thromboelastography-guided hemostatic management versus standard practice (control). Co-primary outcomes were the number of transfused platelet units and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) units. Secondary outcomes were mortality, adverse events, utilization of individual blood products, blood lo...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 5, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Hartmann, Jan Dias, Joao D. Pivalizza, Evan G. Garcia-Tsao, Guadalupe Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Evolving Knowledge on Primary and Secondary Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Carriers of Hereditary Thrombophilia: A Narrative Review
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757133The association between heritability of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and thrombophilia was first reported clinically in 1956, later followed by the first description of a congenital cause of hypercoagulability—antithrombin deficiency—in 1965. Since then, our knowledge of hereditary causes of hypercoagulability, which may predispose carriers to VTE has improved greatly. Novel genetic defects responsible for severe thrombophilia have been recently identified and we have learned that a wide range of interactions between thrombophilia and other genetic and acquired risk factor...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 5, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Campello, Elena Prandoni, Paolo Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Rotational Thromboelastometry Predicts Transfusion Requirements in Total Joint Arthroplasties
This study aims to assess the ability of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to identify patients at high risk for transfusion and excessive bleeding. A prospective observational study was conducted including 206 patients who underwent total knee or hip arthroplasties. Assessment of the coagulation status was performed preoperatively and immediately postoperatively using ROTEM analysis and conventional coagulation tests. The number of RBC transfusions and the postoperative hemoglobin drop were recorded. ROTEM findings were compared between transfused and nontransfused patients, and also between patients with and without ...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 2, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Tsantes, Andreas G. Papadopoulos, Dimitrios V. Roustemis, Anastasios G. Trikoupis, Ioannis G. Piovani, Daniele Tsante, Konstantina A. Mantzios, Petros G. Mavrogenis, Andreas F. Sokou, Rozeta Kokoris, Styliani I. Kriebardis, Anastasios G. Papagelopoulos, P Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Measuring Quality of Life after Venous Thromboembolism: Who, When, and How?
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754390There is a growing body of evidence revealing that many patients with a history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) suffer from long-lasting sequelae such as post-thrombotic syndrome and post-pulmonary embolism syndrome. These two syndromes are detrimental to patients as they affect their quality of life (QOL). From this perspective, monitoring QOL may play a crucial role to improve quality care in VTE patients. Many studies have explored possible temporal relations between VTE episodes and decreased functional status and/or QOL. However, studies exploring the implementation of QO...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 2, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Tavoly, Mazdak Asady, Elia Wik, Hilde Skuterud Ghanima, Waleed Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Utility of NATEM Assay in Predicting Bleeding Risk in Critically Ill Neonates
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753513We aimed to investigate the hemostatic status of diseased neonates using nonactivated rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) assay (NATEM) assay and, in addition, to evaluate the discriminative power of NATEM parameters in predicting the risk of bleeding in critically ill neonates and compare it to that of EXTEM (extrinsically activated ROTEM) parameters. This cohort study included 158 consecutive, critically ill neonates with presumed sepsis, perinatal hypoxia, or respiratory distress syndrome. The EXTEM and NATEM assays were performed on the first day of disease onset. The ne...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 2, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Sokou, Rozeta Georgiadou, Petroula Tsantes, Andreas G. Parastatidou, Stavroula Konstantinidi, Aikaterini Ioakeimidis, Georgios Makrogianni, Athanasia Theodoraki, Martha Kokoris, Styliani Iacovidou, Nicoletta Kriebardis, Anastasios G. Piovani, Daniele Bono Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Pregnancy Related Venous Thromboembolism-Associated with HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754391Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in pregnancy is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Improved access to effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has shifted the spectrum of pregnancy-related complications among HIV-infected pregnant women. In addition to placental vascular complications and preterm delivery, increased rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been described. HIV infection is characterized by immune activation, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, which contribute to the activation of coagulation and its prothrombotic consequen...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 2, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Schapkaitz, Elise Jacobson, Barry F. Libhaber, Elena Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

A Historical Perspective on the Reversal of Anticoagulants
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753485There has been a landmark shift in the last several decades in the management and prevention of thromboembolic events. From the discovery of parenteral and oral agents requiring frequent monitoring as early as 1914, to the development of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) that do not require monitoring or dose adjustment in the late 20th century, great advances have been achieved. Despite the advent of these newer agents, bleeding continues to be a key complication, affecting 2 to 4% of DOAC-treated patients per year. Bleeding is associated with substantial morbidity and morta...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 2, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Salter, Brittany Crowther, Mark Tags: Review Article Source Type: research