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Sex-Related Differences in Platelet Aggregation: A Literature Review Supplemented with Local Data from a Group of Generally Healthy Individuals
In conclusion, more studies are needed to decipher the biological importance of sex-related differences in platelet aggregation in part to enable personalized antiplatelet treatment. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis)
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - October 7, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Carazo, Alejandro Hrub ša, Marcel Kone čný, Lukáš Sko řepa, Pavel Pacl íková, Markéta Musil, Franti šek Karl íčková, Jana Javorsk á, Lenka Matou šová, Kateřina Kr čmová, Lenka Kujovská Parvin, Mst Shamima Šmahelová, Alena Blaha, Vlad Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Von Willebrand Factor Multimer Analysis and Classification: A Comprehensive Review and Updates
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757183Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multimeric glycoprotein with essential roles in primary hemostasis. Patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD), due to quantitative and/or qualitative defects of VWF usually experience mucocutaneous bleeding. Based on the laboratory results of VWF antigen, various VWF activities, factor VIII activity, and VWF multimer patterns, VWD can be categorized as type 1, 2, and 3 VWD. VWF multimer analysis by either manual or semi-automated electrophoresis and immunoblotting is a critical part of the laboratory testing to differentiate type 1, type 2 VWD...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Saadalla, Abdulrahman Seheult, Jansen Pruthi, Rajiv K. Chen, Dong Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Is Vitamin D Deficiency Prothrombotic? A Systematic Review
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756701Observational studies indicate a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of venous and arterial thrombotic events, but the underlying mechanisms behind this association are uncertain. This systematic review explores if there is an association between decreased vitamin D levels and a prothrombotic profile. The systematic literature search initially identified 3,214 studies (published until December 21, 2021) investigating the relationship between vitamin D and numerous hemostatic parameters. After the screening process, 18 observational and intervention ...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: R üdiger, Isabella Hangaard Andersen, Matilde Kanstrup Vestergaard, Anna Louise Bor, Pinar Larsen, Agnete Bor, Mustafa Vakur Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Clot Waveform Analysis for Monitoring Hemostasis
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756706Clot waveform analysis (CWA) is a recently developed global coagulation assessment, based on the continuous observation of changes in light transmittance, absorbance, or light scattering that occurs as fibrin formed in a plasma sample during routine clotting tests such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT). CWA can utilize qualitative waveform patterns as well as sensitive quantitative parameters and can be used as a simple method to assess global hemostasis, and can be applied to various challenging clinical situations. Although not all coa...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Nogami, Keiji Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Role of Viscoelastic and Conventional Coagulation Tests for Management of Blood Product Replacement in the Bleeding Patient
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756192An important aim of viscoelastic testing (VET) is to implement transfusion algorithms based on coagulation test results to help reduce transfusion rates and improve patient outcomes. Establishing a rapid diagnosis and providing timely treatment of coagulopathy is the cornerstone of management of severely bleeding patients in trauma, postpartum hemorrhage, and major surgery. As the nature of acute bleeding and trauma leads to an unstable and tenuous physiologic state, conventional coagulation tests (CCTs) are too slow to diagnose, manage, and also course correct any hemostatic ...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Matkovic, Eduard Lindholm, Paul F. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Pathophysiological Role of Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756705Platelets are very abundant in the blood, where they play a role in hemostasis, inflammation, and immunity. When activated, platelets undergo a conformational change that allows the release of numerous effector molecules as well as the production of extracellular vesicles, which are circulating submicron vesicles (10 to 1,000 nm in diameter) released into the extracellular space. Extracellular vesicles are formed by the budding of platelet and they carry some of its contents, including nucleic acids, surface proteins, and organelles. While platelets cannot cross tissue barri...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Mabrouk, Meryem Guessous, Fadila Naya, Abdallah Merhi, Yahye Zaid, Younes Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

50 Years of Pediatric Hemostasis: Knowledge, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756704Studies from the past 50 years have contributed to the expanding knowledge regarding developmental hemostasis. This is a dynamic process that begins in the fetal phase and is characterized by physiological variations in platelet counts and function, and concentrations of most coagulation factors and the native coagulation inhibitors in early life, as compared with adulthood. The developmental hemostasis studies since the 1980 to 1990s established the laboratory reference values for coagulation factors. It was only a decade or two later, that thromboelastography (TEG) or (rotat...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Levy-Mendelovich, Sarina Cohen, Omri Klang, Eyal Kenet, Gili Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Platelet Function in Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review and a Cohort Study
In conclusion, a reduced platelet count is frequent in AKI, but the literature on platelet function in AKI is sparse. In a cohort study, we demonstrated that patients with AKI within 24 hours of ICU admission exhibited increased bleeding tendency but this was not associated with reduced platelet function. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis)
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Jensen, Jeppe Lundholm Stadarfeld Hviid, Claus Vinter B ødker Hvas, Christine Lodberg Christensen, Steffen Hvas, Anne-Mette Larsen, Julie Brogaard Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Mechanical Heart Valves, Pregnancy, and Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
In conclusion, bleeding episodes are common during pregnancy in women with mechanical heart valves receiving anticoagulant therapy. A combination of UFH and VKA or VKA monotherapy showed the lowest risk of bleeding. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis)
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Jakobsen, Carina Larsen, Julie Brogaard Fuglsang, Jens Hvas, Anne-Mette Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Relative Hypercoagulopathy of the SARS-CoV-2 Beta and Delta Variants when Compared to the Less Severe Omicron Variants Is Related to TEG Parameters, the Extent of Fibrin Amyloid Microclots, and the Severity of Clinical Illness
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756306Earlier variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been associated with plasma hypercoagulability (as judged by thromboelastography) and an extensive formation of fibrin amyloid microclots, which are considered to contribute to the pathology of the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19). The newer Omicron variants appear to be far more transmissible, but less virulent, even when taking immunity acquired from previous infections or vaccination into account. We here show that while the clotting parameters associated with Omicron variants are significantly raised over those of healthy, matched con...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Grobbelaar, Lize M. Kruger, Arneaux Venter, Chantelle Burger, Este M. Laubscher, Gert J. Maponga, Tongai G. Kotze, Maritha J. Kwaan, Hau C. Miller, Joseph B. Fulkerson, Daniel Huff, Wei Chang, Eric Wiarda, Grant Bunch, Connor M. Walsh, Mark M. Raza, Syed Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

From Ink Pens to Computers: A Personal Look Back at Landmark Changes during 5 Decades as a Clinical Laboratory Scientist in U.S. Hemostasis Laboratories
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756708In 2023, Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis will be celebrating its 50th anniversary, and similarly this will also mark my 5th decade of working in, or association with, laboratories that perform hemostasis testing. My career started at a large military medical center, but I also worked at several other facilities, including military dispensaries, community hospitals, and a large academic institution. The difference between each type of hemostasis laboratory was as expected, with larger facilities having better instrumentation and more prolific test menus. However, whether ...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Gosselin, Robert C. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Resistance and Its Viscoelastic Assessment in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756304Critically ill COVID-19 patients present an inflammatory and procoagulant status with a high rate of relevant macro- and microvascular thrombosis. Furthermore, high rates of heparin resistance have been described; yet, individualized anticoagulation by drug monitoring has not been sufficiently researched. We analyzed data from critically ill COVID-19 patients treated at Innsbruck Medical University Hospital with routinely adapted low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) doses according to anti-Xa peak levels, and regularly performed ClotPro analyses (a viscoelastic hemostatic whole...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: B ösch, Johannes Rugg, Christopher Sch äfer, Volker Lichtenberger, Philipp Staier, Nikolai Treichl, Benjamin Rajsic, Sasa Peer, Andreas Schobersberger, Wolfgang Fries, Dietmar Bachler, Mirjam Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The Choice between Plasma-Based Common Coagulation Tests and Cell-Based Viscoelastic Tests in Monitoring Hemostatic Competence: Not an either –or Proposition
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756302There has been a significant interest in the last decade in the use of viscoelastic tests (VETs) to determine the hemostatic competence of bleeding patients. Previously, common coagulation tests (CCTs) such as the prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) were used to assist in the guidance of blood component and hemostatic adjunctive therapy for these patients. However, the experience of decades of VET use in liver failure with transplantation, cardiac surgery, and trauma has now spread to obstetrical hemorrhage and congenital and acquired coagulopathies. Si...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Bunch, Connor M. Berquist, Margaret Ansari, Aida McCoy, Max L. Langford, Jack H. Brenner, Toby J. Aboukhaled, Michael Thomas, Samuel J. Peck, Ethan Patel, Shivani Cancel, Emily Al-Fadhl, Mahmoud D. Zackariya, Nuha Thomas, Anthony V. Aversa, John G. Greene Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Application of Activators Ecarin and Factor Xa in Thrombelastography for Measurement of Anticoagulant Effect of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Using TEG 5000
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756699There are situations where monitoring direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) would be useful, including bleedings and trauma. The thromboelastographic technique has proven useful in bleeding situations in trauma and heart surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of DOACs on all currently commercially available conventional TEG®5000 assays as well as novel modified assay using Ecarin and human factor Xa (HFXa). Healthy male volunteers were given single dose of oral dabigatran 150 mg, rivaroxaban 20 mg, or apixaban 5 mg. Kaolin, RapidTEG, functional fibrinogen...
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Artang, Ramin Brod, Camille Nielsen, Jorn Dalsgaard Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Emerging Use of Viscoelastography in Thrombosis and Hemostasis: A Challenge to Conventional Coagulation Tests? Part I: The Use of Thromboelastography and Thromboelastometry in the Assessment of Hemostatic Function
Semin Thromb Hemost DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756700 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis)
Source: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis - September 29, 2022 Category: Hematology Authors: Kwaan, Hau C. Walsh, Mark Lindholm, Paul F. Othman, Maha Tags: Preface Source Type: research