Decoupling SERT-nNOS Interaction to Generate Fast-Onset Antidepressants
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 28, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Now We Can Tame the Wild West of Controlling Astrocytes for Treating Neocortical Epilepsy
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 22, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
A Neural Circuit Controlling Virgin Female Aggression Induced by Mating-related Cues in Drosophila
AbstractFemales increase aggression for mating opportunities and for acquiring reproductive resources. Although the close relationship between female aggression and mating status is widely appreciated, whether and how female aggression is regulated by mating-related cues remains poorly understood. Here we report an interesting observation thatDrosophila virgin females initiate high-frequency attacks toward mated females. We identify 11-cis-vaccenyl acetate (cVA), a male-derived pheromone transferred to females during mating, which promotes virgin female aggression. We subsequently reveal a cVA-responsive neural circuit con...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 21, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Projections from the Prefrontal Cortex to Zona Incerta Mediate Fear Generalization
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 17, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
TRPM7 Kinase Domain is Part of the Rac1-SSH2-cofilin Complex Regulating F-actin in the Mouse Nervous System
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Lipocalin 2 in the Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus Contributes to DSS-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors
AbstractThe incidence rate of anxiety and depression is significantly higher in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) than in the general population. The mechanisms underlying dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced depressive-like behaviors are still unclear. We clarified that IBD mice induced by repeated administration of DSS presented depressive-like behaviors. The paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) was regarded as the activated brain region by the number of c-fos-labeled neurons. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) was upregulated in the PVT of mice with DSS-induced depressive behaviors. U...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Mid-infrared Photons Released by NAD+ Reduction in the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle of Myelinated Neuron
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neural Integration of Audiovisual Sensory Inputs in Macaque Amygdala and Adjacent Regions
In this study, we systematically investigated the function of neurons in the amygdala and adjacent regions in integrating audiovisual sensory inputs using a semi-chronic multi-electrode array and multiple combinations of audiovisual stimuli. From a sample of 332 neurons, we showed the diverse response patterns to audiovisual stimuli and the neural characteristics of bimodal over unimodal modulation, which could be classified into four types with differentiated regional origins. Using the hierarchical clustering method, neurons were further clustered into five groups and associated with different integrating functions and s...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 15, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neuroglobin Facilitates Neuronal Oxygenation through Tropic Migration under Hypoxia or Anemia in Rat: How Does the Brain Breathe?
AbstractThe discovery of neuroglobin (Ngb), a brain- or neuron-specific member of the hemoglobin family, has revolutionized our understanding of brain oxygen metabolism. Currently, how Ngb plays such a role remains far from clear. Here, we report a novel mechanism by which Ngb might facilitate neuronal oxygenation upon hypoxia or anemia. We found that Ngb was present in, co-localized to, and co-migrated with mitochondria in the cell body and neurites of neurons. Hypoxia induced a sudden and prominent migration of Ngb towards the cytoplasmic membrane (CM) or cell surface in living neurons, and this was accompanied by the mi...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 8, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Conserved Spatiotemporal Dynamics with Millisecond Precision During Reverberatory Activity in a Self-organized Neuronal Network
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Identification of de novo Mutations in the Chinese Autism Spectrum Disorder Cohort via Whole-Exome Sequencing Unveils Brain Regions Implicated in Autism
AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interactions and repetitive behaviors. Although hundreds of ASD risk genes, implicated in synaptic formation and transcriptional regulation, have been identified through human genetic studies, the East Asian ASD cohorts are still under-represented in genome-wide genetic studies. Here, we applied whole-exome sequencing to 369 ASD trios including probands and unaffected parents of Chinese origin. Using a joint-calling analytical pipeline based on GATK toolkits, we identified numerousde novo mutations i...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 7, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Implicit, But Not Explicit, Emotion Regulation Relieves Unpleasant Neural Responses Evoked by High-Intensity Negative Images
In this study, we explored the regulatory effect of explicit and implicit reappraisal when participants encountered low- and high-intensity negative images. The subjective emotional rating indicated that both explicit and implicit reappraisal down-regulated negative experiences, irrespective of intensity. However, the amplitude of the parietal late positive potential (LPP; a neural index of experienced emotional intensity) showed that only implicit reappraisal had significant regulatory effects in the high-intensity context, though both explicit and implicit reappraisal successfully reduced the emotional neural responses e...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Novel Insight into Glial Biology and Diseases
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Circadian System Is Essential for the Crosstalk of VEGF-Notch-mediated Endothelial Angiogenesis in Ischemic Stroke
In conclusion, our study reveals the intervention of ECD in angiogenesis in ischemic stroke and further identifies the exact mechanism by which Bmal1 regulates angiogenesis through the VEGF-Notch1 pathway. (Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - March 2, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Projection-Specific Heterogeneity of the Axon Initial Segment of Pyramidal Neurons in the Prelimbic Cortex
AbstractThe axon initial segment (AIS) is a highly specialized axonal compartment where the action potential is initiated. The heterogeneity of AISs has been suggested to occur between interneurons and pyramidal neurons (PyNs), which likely contributes to their unique spiking properties. However, whether the various characteristics of AISs can be linked to specific PyN subtypes remains unknown. Here, we report that in the prelimbic cortex (PL) of the mouse, two types of PyNs with axon projections either to the contralateral PL or to the ipsilateral basal lateral amygdala, possess distinct AIS properties reflected by morpho...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - February 28, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
