Netrin-3 Suppresses Diabetic Neuropathic Pain by Gating the Intra-epidermal Sprouting of Sensory Axons
In conclusion, our studies identified Ntn-3 as an important regulator of DNP pathogenesis by gating the aberrant sprouting of sensory axons, indicating that Ntn-3 is a potential druggable target for DNP treatment. (Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - January 1, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis in the Pathology and Therapeutic Application in Friedreich's Ataxia
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 28, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Sense to Tune: Engaging Microglia with Dynamic Neuronal Activity
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 28, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
WDR62-deficiency Causes Autism-like Behaviors Independent of Microcephaly in Mice
AbstractBrain size abnormality is correlated with an increased frequency of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring. Genetic analysis indicates that heterozygous mutations of the WD repeat domain 62 (WDR62) are associated with ASD. However, biological evidence is still lacking. Our study showed thatWdr62 knockout (KO) led to reduced brain size with impaired learning and memory, as well as ASD-like behaviors in mice. Interestingly,Wdr62 Nex-cKO mice (depletion of WDR62 in differentiated neurons) had a largely normal brain size but with aberrant social interactions and repetitive behaviors. WDR62 regulated dendritic spin...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 26, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Noninvasive Tracking of Every Individual in Unmarked Mouse Groups Using Multi-Camera Fusion and Deep Learning
In this study, we report the development of a multi-object tracker for mice that uses the Faster region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) deep learning algorithm with geometric transformations in combination with multi-camera/multi-image fusion technology. The system successfully tracked every individual in groups of unmarked mice and was applied to investigate chasing behavior. The proposed system constitutes a step forward in the noninvasive tracking of individual mice engaged in social behavior. (Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 26, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Sodium-Calcium Exchanger-3 Plays Critical Roles in Pain “Wind-up”
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 26, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Interaction Between Memory Load and Experimental Design on Brain Connectivity and Network Topology
This study aimed to disentangle the separable effects of block/continuous design and working memory load on task-related functional connectivity networks, by using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Across 50 young healthy adults, behavioral results of accuracy and reaction time showed a significant main effect of design as well as interaction between design and load. Imaging results revealed that the cingulo-opercular, fronto-parietal, and default model networks were associated with not only task activation, but significant main effects of design and load as well as their interaction on intra- and inter-network funct...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 24, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Brain Glycogen: An Angel or a Devil for Ischemic Stroke?
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 23, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Acidification Deficiency of Autolysosomes Induces Neuronal Autophagic Amyloid- β Plaques in Alzheimer's Disease
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 22, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Lighting up Oxytocin Neurons to Nurture the Brain
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 22, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Thalamocortical Circuit Controls Neuropathic Pain via Up-regulation of HCN2 in the Ventral Posterolateral Thalamus
AbstractThe thalamocortical (TC) circuit is closely associated with pain processing. The hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) 2 channel is predominantly expressed in the ventral posterolateral thalamus (VPL) that has been shown to mediate neuropathic pain. However, the role of VPL HCN2 in modulating TC circuit activity is largely unknown. Here, by using optogenetics, neuronal tracing, electrophysiological recordings, and virus knockdown strategies, we showed that the activation of VPL TC neurons potentiates excitatory synaptic transmission to the hindlimb region of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1H...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 20, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Leaky Gut Plays a Critical Role in the Pathophysiology of Autism in Mice by Activating the Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Toll-Like Receptor 4 –Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88–Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway
AbstractIncreased intestinal barrier permeability, leaky gut, has been reported in patients with autism. However, its contribution to the development of autism has not been determined. We selected dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to disrupt and metformin to repair the intestinal barrier in BTBR T+tf/J autistic mice to test this hypothesis. DSS treatment resulted in a decreased affinity for social proximity; however, autistic behaviors in mice were improved after the administration of metformin. We found an increased affinity for social proximity/social memory and decreased repetitive and anxiety-related behaviors. The concentr...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 18, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
An Anterior Cingulate Cortex-to-Midbrain Projection Controls Chronic Itch in Mice
AbstractItch is an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch. While acute itch serves as a protective system to warn the body of external irritating agents, chronic itch is a debilitating but poorly-treated clinical disease leading to repetitive scratching and skin lesions. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of chronic itch remain mysterious. Here, we identified a cell type-dependent role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in controlling chronic itch-related excessive scratching behaviors in mice. Moreover, we delineated a neural circuit originating from excitatory neurons of t...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 17, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Control of Emotion and Wakefulness by Neurotensinergic Neurons in the Parabrachial Nucleus
AbstractThe parabrachial nucleus (PBN) integrates interoceptive and exteroceptive information to control various behavioral and physiological processes including breathing, emotion, and sleep/wake regulation through the neural circuits that connect to the forebrain and the brainstem. However, the precise identity and function of distinct PBN subpopulations are still largely unknown. Here, we leveraged molecular characterization, retrograde tracing, optogenetics, chemogenetics, and electrocortical recording approaches to identify a small subpopulation of neurotensin-expressing neurons in the PBN that largely project to the ...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 16, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
A Time to Remember: Neural Insights into Rapid Updating of Timed Behaviors
(Source: Neuroscience Bulletin)
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - December 16, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
