Featured Cover
The cover image is based on the Research ArticleThe changing outlook of psychedelic drugs: The importance of risk assessment and occupational exposure limits by Nat ália Bernardi Videira et al.,https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.4533. (Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology)
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - January 12, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Nat ália Bernardi Videira,
Vijayalekshmi Nair,
Valérie Paquet,
Dean Calhoun Tags: FEATURED COVER Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology)
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - January 12, 2024 Category: Toxicology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
A systematic review on multipotent carcinogenic agent, N ‐nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), its major risk assessment, and precautions
AbstractThe International Agency for Research on Cancer has classifiedN-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) as a possible carcinogen and mutagenic substances, placing it in category 2A of compounds that are probably harmful to humans. It is found in nature and tobacco smoke, along with its precursors, and is also synthesized endogenously in the human body. The oral or parenteral administration of a minimal quantity of NDEA results in severe liver and kidney organ damage. The NDEA required bioactivation by CYP450 enzyme to form DNA adduct in the alkylation mechanism. Thus, this bioactivation directs oxidative stress and injury to ce...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - January 12, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Pracheta Janmeda,
Divya Jain,
Priya Chaudhary,
Mukesh Meena,
Devendra Singh Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Anti ‐Candida activity and in vitro toxicity screening of antifungals complexed with β‐cyclodextrin
This study aimed to assess the in vitro toxicity and antifungal effectiveness of nystatin (Nys) and chlorhexidine (Chx) complexed or not with β-cyclodextrin (βCD). First, a drug toxicity screening was performed through theArtemia salina bioassay. Then, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) againstCandida albicans were determined with the broth microdilution test. After MICs determination, the cytotoxicity of the drugs was evaluated through the methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays and through cell morphology analysis. The PROBIT analysis was used to determine the median lethal concentratio...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - January 11, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Gustavo Sim ão Moraes,
Nathaly Mayer Tozetto,
Thaynara Aparecida Alves Pedroso,
Marcela Alves de Mattos,
Amanda Migliorini Urban,
Katia Sabrina Paludo,
Fábio André dos Santos,
Karin Hermana Neppelenbroek,
Vanessa Migliorini Urban Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Arzanol, a natural phloroglucinol α‐pyrone, protects HaCaT keratinocytes against H2O2‐induced oxidative stress, counteracting cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial depolarization
This study explored the arzanol protection against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative damage in HaCaT human keratinocytes in terms of its ability to counteract cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Arzanol safety on HaCaT cells was preliminarily examined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and microscopic observation. The arzanol pre-incubation (5 –100 μM, for 24 h) did not induce cytotoxicity and morphological alterations. The phloroglucinol, at 50 μM, significantly protected keratinocytes ag...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - December 28, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Franca Piras,
Valeria Sogos,
Federica Pollastro,
Giovanni Appendino,
Antonella Rosa Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Inefficacy of dietary test substance administration in Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay (AMA) studies
AbstractTraditionally, the Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay (AMA; OECD TG 231) is performed by exposingXenopus laevis tadpoles to test substances dissolved in laboratory water. Recently, the use of dietary administration has been proposed to combat poorly soluble test substances in ecotoxicologically-based regulatory endocrine disruption (ED) studies, specifically the AMA warranting an investigation into the efficacy of dietary administration. An efficacy study comprised of two phases: 1) evaluation of the physical influence of the loading process via solvent and 10, 1, and 0.1 mg/l test substance or surrogate (sunflower o...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - December 28, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Douglas J. Fort,
Jeffrey C. Wolf,
Angelika Langsch,
Beate Fast,
Markus Junker,
Rainer Otter Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Lithium salts cytotoxicity and accumulation in melanoma cells in vitro
AbstractBoron neutron capture therapy is a perspective selective technology for the destruction of cancer cells, while the use of lithium instead of boron may represent a new and promising vector for the development of neutron capture therapy (NCT). The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of various lithium salts, as well as an analysis of the accumulation of lithium in tumor cells in vitro to determine the possibility of using lithium in NCT. The cytotoxicity of lithium salts was determined using MTT-test and colony forming assay on human fibroblasts BJ-5ta, human skin melanoma SK-Mel-28, and...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - December 27, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Iuliia Taskaeva,
Anna Kasatova,
Ivan Razumov,
Nataliya Bgatova,
Sergey Taskaev Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Arzanol, a natural phloroglucinol α‐pyrone, protects HaCaT keratinocytes against H2O2‐induced oxidative stress, counteracting cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial depolarization
This study explored the arzanol protection against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative damage in HaCaT human keratinocytes in terms of its ability to counteract cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Arzanol safety on HaCaT cells was preliminarily examined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and microscopic observation. The arzanol pre-incubation (5 –100 μM, for 24 h) did not induce cytotoxicity and morphological alterations. The phloroglucinol, at 50 μM, significantly protected keratinocytes ag...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - December 27, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Franca Piras,
Valeria Sogos,
Federica Pollastro,
Giovanni Appendino,
Antonella Rosa Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Lithium salts cytotoxicity and accumulation in melanoma cells in vitro
AbstractBoron neutron capture therapy is a perspective selective technology for the destruction of cancer cells, while the use of lithium instead of boron may represent a new and promising vector for the development of neutron capture therapy (NCT). The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of the cytotoxicity of various lithium salts, as well as an analysis of the accumulation of lithium in tumor cells in vitro to determine the possibility of using lithium in NCT. The cytotoxicity of lithium salts was determined using MTT-test and colony forming assay on human fibroblasts BJ-5ta, human skin melanoma SK-Mel-28, and...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - December 26, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Iuliia Taskaeva,
Anna Kasatova,
Ivan Razumov,
Nataliya Bgatova,
Sergey Taskaev Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
In ovo o,p ′‐DDT exposure induces malformation of reproductive organs and alters the expression of genes controlling sexual differentiation in Japanese quail embryo
AbstractIn ovo exposure too,p ′-dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (o,p ′-DDT) impairs reproduction by inducing malformation of the reproductive organs in birds, although the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects ofo,p ′-DDT on the development of the reproductive organs, the expression of genes controlling sexual differentiation, and the plasma concentrations of testosterone and estradiol in Japanese quail embryos.o,p ′-DDT-containing sesame oil was injected into the yolk sac on Embryonic Day (E) 3 at a dose of 500, 2,000, or 8,000 μg per egg. On E15, the reproductive organs were observed; the...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - December 16, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Tin ‐Tin Win‐Shwe,
Natsuko Abe,
Akari Sakiyama,
Maho Suzuki,
Kazuhiro Sano,
Takaharu Kawashima,
Shinji Tsukahara Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Epigallocatechin gallate alleviated the in vivo toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to mouse intestine
AbstractTo evaluate the oral toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs), it is necessary to consider the interactions between NPs and nutrient molecules. Recently, we reported that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a healthy component in green tea, alleviated the toxicity of ZnO NPs to 3D Caco-2 spheroids in vitro. The present study investigated the combined effects of EGCG and ZnO NPs to mice in vivo. Mice were administrated with 35 or 105 mg/kg bodyweight ZnO NPs with or without the presence of 80 mg/kg bodyweight EGCG via gastric route, once a day, for 21 days, and the influences of EGCG on the toxicity of ZnO NPs to intesti...
Source: Journal of Applied Toxicology - December 15, 2023 Category: Toxicology Authors: Canyang Wang,
Chaobo Huang,
Yi Cao Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
