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Akt activator SC79 stimulates antibacterial nitric oxide generation in human nasal epithelial cells in vitro
ConclusionsTogether, these data suggest multiple immune pathways are stimulated by SC79, with antipathogen effects. This in vitro pilot study suggests that a small-molecule Akt activator may have clinical utility in CRS or respiratory other infection settings, warranting future in vivo studies. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - January 10, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Robert J. Lee, Nithin D. Adappa, James N. Palmer Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

The nasal and systemic inflammatory responses in early phase of acute radiation rhinosinusitis: A pilot study
Key pointsDisease severity in acute radiation rhinosinusitis (ARRS) peaks after radiation therapy.ARRS is mainly local inflammation, manifested by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines.Intranasal corticosteroids are effective anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of ARRS. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - January 10, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Chunge Zheng, Xin Cui, Li Zhang, Lin Wang, Liwei Jiang, Xudong Yan, Yan Jiang, Longgang Yu Tags: RESEARCH NOTE Source Type: research

Surgery for adult head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma: A retrospective report from one institution
(Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 29, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tian Wang, Jie Wang, Tianci Tang, Qiang Li, Yi Li, Xinmao Song Tags: RESEARCH NOTE Source Type: research

Chronic rhinosinusitis and olfaction after highly effective modulator therapy: The role of individual sinus inflammation
Key Points Individual sinus opacification (ISO) is measurable via a convolutional neural network approach. ISO decreased through 2 years after highly effective modulator therapy was initiated. In adults with cystic fibrosis, ISO did not correlate with quality of life or olfaction. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 27, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jessa E. Miller, Jennifer L. Taylor ‐Cousar, Stephen M. Humphries, Aastha Khatiwada, Haidee Chen, Alexandra Wilson, Eszter K. Vladar, David A. Lynch, Douglas A. Li, Daniel M. Beswick Tags: RESEARCH NOTE Source Type: research

Determining the minimal clinically important difference for the questionnaire of olfactory disorders in people with cystic fibrosis and factors associated with improvement after highly effective modulator therapy
ConclusionThe QOD MCID in PwCF was estimated to be 3.7. Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor led to qualitative but not clinically meaningful improvements in QOD score for most PwCF; PwCF with worse baseline QOD scores and nasal polyps improved in a clinically significant manner. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 26, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jessa E. Miller, Jennifer L. Taylor ‐Cousar, Jonathan B. Overdevest, Aastha Khatiwada, Jess C. Mace, Jeremiah A. Alt, Todd E. Bodner, Naweed I. Chowdhury, Emily A. DiMango, Patricia H. Eshaghian, Anne E. Getz, David A. Gudis, Ethan J. Han, Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Utility of a LangChain and OpenAI GPT ‐powered chatbot based on the international consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Rhinosinusitis
Key points We created a LangChain/OpenAI API-powered chatbot based solely on International Consensus Statement of Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR-RS). The ICAR-RS chatbot is able to provide direct and actionable recommendations. Utilization of consensus statements provides an opportunity for AI applications in healthcare. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 19, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Alan D. Workman, Vinay K. Rathi, David K. Lerner, James N. Palmer, Nithin D. Adappa, Noam A. Cohen Tags: RESEARCH NOTE Source Type: research

The IL ‐31/CysLT2R axis is associated with itching in patients with allergic rhinitis
ConclusionsNasal epithelial cell-derived IL-31 might be associated with itching symptoms via CysLT2R in AR. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 14, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kun Du, Min Zhang, Shuang Yao, Tao Luo, Hongmeng Yu, Hongfei Lou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Increased prevalence of aspiration pneumonitis in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks
ConclusionsAP secondary to CSF leaks is frequently underdiagnosed, with a higher incidence identified in spontaneous cases. The occurrence of AP was associated with high-flow CSF leak. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ru Tang, Jiayao Zhou, Shiyao Zhang, Song Mao, Weitian Zhang Tags: CLINICAL LETTER Source Type: research

Nasal instillation of povidone ‐iodine ameliorates ongoing mucosal inflammation in a pre‐sensitized murine model of Der p1‐induced allergic rhinitis
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that nasal irrigation with PVP-I may be a promising therapeutic option for managing AR by inhibiting IL-33 activation and suppressing allergic inflammation. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 11, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jae ‐Yoon Kang, Mi‐Ra Choi, Yong Min Kim Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Hypoxia ‐induced cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator dysfunction is a universal mechanism underlying reduced mucociliary transport in sinusitis
ConclusionHypoxia induces severe CFTR dysfunction via free radical production causing reduced MCT in vitro and in vivo. Improved oxygenation is critical to reducing the impact of persistent mucociliary dysfunction. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 11, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Do ‐Yeon Cho, Shaoyan Zhang, T. Graham Norwood, Daniel Skinner, Tonja A. Hollis, Marie L. Ehrhardt, Lydia C. Yang, Dong‐Jin Lim, Jessica W. Grayson, Ahmed Lazrak, Sadis Matalon, Steven M. Rowe, Bradford A. Woodworth Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Utility of hospital frailty risk score in predicting postoperative outcomes of sinonasal malignancies
Key pointsHospital frailty risk score (HFRS) correlates with complications, length of stay, and non-routine discharge.HFRS is a better predictor of postsurgical sequelae than age and Elixhauser comorbidity index. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 9, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Rema Anisha Kandula, Lauren A. Linquest, Sandeep Kandregula, Mackenzie Latour, Omar G. Ahmed, Michael T. Yim Tags: RESEARCH NOTE Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - December 2, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research

Anatomical variations of interest for posterior nasal nerve cryotherapy in the treatment of chronic rhinitis: A radioanatomic study
KEY POINTS An unfavorable insertion of the middle turbinate for cryotherapy was present in 74.2% of cases. Placing cryoprobe 15 –30 mm above the nasal floor targets the nerves in 95.8% of cases. Centering the cryoprobe 38 mm behind the inferior turbinate axilla targets the nerves in 94.6% of cases. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - November 30, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Juliette Sliman, Florent Carsuzaa, Lei Tanaka, Patrice Gallet, Pierre ‐Olivier Moser, Guillaume Captier, Valentin Favier Tags: Research Note Source Type: research

Reply to: “Air pollution exposure is associated with rhinitis in older US adults via specific immune mechanisms”
(Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - November 29, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Henrique Ochoa Scussiatto, Kristen E. Wroblewski, Kristina L. Pagel, L. Philip Schumm, Martha K. McClintock, Murray Ramanathan Jr., Helen H. Suh, Jayant M. Pinto Tags: REPLY Source Type: research

Assessing the clinico ‐immunological profile of patients with obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis
ConclusionsIn conclusion, patients with obese CRS and nasal polyps displayed diminished levels of intranasal alarmins and reduced intranasal eotaxin-3. These results potentially imply the presence of a unique, obese type 2-low CRS phenotype that warrants further exploration. (Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology)
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - November 24, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mohamad R. Chaaban, Kewal Asosingh, Suzy Comhair, David Hoying Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research