Optimal combination periprosthetic vasculature visualization and metal artifact reduction by spectral computed tomography using virtual monoenergetic images in total hip arthroplasty
ConclusionEighty kiloelectron volts on VMIMAR, providing satisfactorily reduced metal artifacts and improved vascular visualization, can be an optimal recommended parameter of spectrum CT for the assessment of periprosthetic vasculature in THA patients.Critical relevance statementThe metal artifact is gradually reducing with increasing energy level; however, the vascular visualization is worsening. The vascular visualization is terrible above 100 keV, while the vessel is disturbed by artifacts below 70 keV. The best performance is found at 80 keV.Key points• VMIMAR can provide both reduced metal artifacts and improve...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 26, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Prognostic utility of body composition parameters based on computed tomography analysis of advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
ConclusionsVisceral fat volume is significantly associated with treatment outcomes in ICI-treated patients with NSCLC. Moreover, fat quality may impact the treatment outcomes. This finding underscores the potential significance of both fat compartments and fat quality as prognostic indicators.Critical relevance statementVisceral fat volume is significantly associated with treatment outcomes in ICI-treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Moreover, fat quality may impact the treatment outcomes. This finding underscores the potential significance of both fat compartments and fat quality as prognostic indicators.Grap...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 26, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
CT and MR imaging of primary biliary cholangitis: a pictorial review
AbstractPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a rare chronic autoimmune-mediated cholestatic liver disease involving medium and small bile ducts that can lead to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. To date, the pathogenesis of PBC remains elusive, and there is currently no curative medical treatment. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, as common technical tools that allow non-invasive monitoring of liver tissue in vivo, play crucial roles in the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis prediction in PBC by enabling assessment of abnormalities in liver morphology and parenchyma, irregular configuration of bile d...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 26, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular metrics on CT pulmonary angiography in patients with pulmonary hypertension — re-evaluation under the updated guidelines of pulmonary hypertension
ConclusionUnder the updated criteria, MPAd with a threshold value of 30.0 mm has better sensitivity and specificity in predicting PH. The binary logistic regression model may improve the diagnostic accuracy.Critical relevance statementUnder the updated criteria, the main pulmonary arterial diameter with a threshold value of 30.0 mm has better sensitivity and specificity in predicting pulmonary hypertension. The binary logistic regression model may improve diagnostic accuracy.Key points• According to 2022 ESC/ERS guidelines, a MPAd cutoff value of 30.0 mm has better sensitivity and specificity in predicting mPAP> 2...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
An MRI-based grading system for preoperative risk estimation of positive surgical margin after radical prostatectomy
ConclusionThe proposed grading systems based on MRI could benefit the risk stratification of PSM and are easily interpretable.Critical relevance statementThe proposed mrPSM grading systems for preoperative prediction of surgical margin status after radical prostatectomy are simplified compared to a previous model and show high specificity for identifying the risk of positive surgical margin, which might benefit the management of prostate cancer.Key points• CCL ≥ 20 mm, apex abutting, and EPE were important MRI features for PSM.• Our proposed MRI-based grading systems showed the possibility to predict PSM with hi...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Stepwise diagnostic algorithm for high-attenuation pulmonary abnormalities on CT
AbstractHigh-attenuation pulmonary abnormalities are commonly seen on CT. These findings are increasingly encountered with the growing number of CT examinations and the wide availability of thin-slice images. The abnormalities include benign lesions, such as infectious granulomatous diseases and metabolic diseases, and malignant tumors, such as lung cancers and metastatic tumors. Due to the wide spectrum of diseases, the proper diagnosis of high-attenuation abnormalities can be challenging. The assessment of these abnormal findings requires scrutiny, and the treatment is imperative. Our proposed stepwise diagnostic algorit...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 20, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Ten reasons to screen women at risk of lung cancer
AbstractThis opinion piece reviews major reasons for promoting lung cancer screening in at-risk women who are smokers or ex-smokers, from the age of 50. The epidemiology of lung cancer in European women is extremely worrying, with lung cancer mortality expected to surpass breast cancer mortality in most European countries. There are conflicting data as to whether women are at increased risk of developing lung cancer compared to men who have a similar tobacco exposure. The sharp increase in the incidence of lung cancer in women exceeds the increase in their smoking exposure which is in favor of greater susceptibility. Lung ...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 20, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Image quality in whole-body MRI using the MY-RADS protocol in a prospective multi-centre multiple myeloma study
ConclusionsIt is possible to successfully deliver a multi-centre WB-MRI study using the MY-RADS protocol involving scanners with a range of manufacturers, models and field strengths. Quantitative measures of image quality were developed and shown to be significantly correlated with radiological assessment. The SNR of DW images was identified as a significant factor affecting overall examination quality.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03188172, Registered on 15 June 2017.Critical relevance statementGood overall image quality, assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively, can be achieved in a multi-centre whole-bod...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Preoperative prediction of clinical and pathological stages for patients with esophageal cancer using PET/CT radiomics
ConclusionsAccurate prediction ability was observed with combined PET and CT radiomics in the prediction of T stage, LNM, and pstage for EC patients.Critical relevance statementPET/CT radiomics is feasible and promising to stratify stages for esophageal cancer preoperatively.Key points• PET-CT radiomics achieved the best performance for Node and pathological stage prediction.• CT radiomics achieved the best AUC for T stage prediction.• PET-CT radiomics is feasible and promising to stratify stages for EC preoperatively.Graphical Abstract (Source: Insights into Imaging)
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Higher field reduced FOV diffusion-weighted imaging for abdominal imaging at 5.0 Tesla: image quality evaluation compared with 3.0 Tesla
ConclusionThe 5.0 T rFOV-DWI showed better overall image quality and improved SNR compared to 3.0 T rFOV-DWI, which holds clinical potential for identifying the abdominal abnormalities in routine practice.Critical relevance statementThis study provided evidence that abdominal 5.0 Tesla reduced field of view diffusion-weighted imaging (5.0 T rFOV-DWI) exhibited enhanced image quality and higher SNR compared to its 3.0 Tesla counterparts, holding clinical promise for accurately visualizing abdominal abnormalities.Key points• rFOV-DWI was firstly integrated with high-field-MRI for visualizing various abdominal organs.• Th...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
A CT-based radiomics approach to predict intra-tumoral tertiary lymphoid structures and recurrence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
ConclusionsCT radiomics nomogram could serve as a preoperative biomarker of intra-tumoral TLSs status, better than independent radiomics or clinical models; preoperative CT radiomics nomogram achieved accurate stratification for RFS of ICC patients, better than the postoperative pathologic TLSs status.Critical relevance statementThe radiomics nomogram showed better performance in predicting TLSs than independent radiomics or clinical models and better prognosis stratification than postoperative pathologic TLSs status in ICC patients, which may facilitate identifying patients benefiting most from surgery and subsequent immu...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Hip MRI in flexion abduction external rotation for assessment of the ischiofemoral interval in patients with hip pain —a feasibility study
ConclusionHip MRI in the FABER position is feasible, visualizes narrowing of the ischiofemoral interval, and can provoke foveal excursion.Critical relevance statementFABER MRI may be helpful in diagnosing ischiofemoral impingement and detecting concomitant hip instability by overcoming shortcomings of static MR protocols that do not allow visualization of dynamic changes in the ischiofemoral interval and thus may improve surgical decision making.Key points• FABER MRI enables visualization of narrowing of the ischiofemoral interval proximal to the lesser trochanter.• Proximal intertrochanteric distance of ≤ 7 mm accur...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Validity of a multiphase CT-based radiomics model in predicting the Leibovich risk groups for localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma: an exploratory study
ConclusionsThe radiomics model can be used as a non-invasive and useful tool to predict the Leibovich risk groups for localized ccRCC patients.Critical relevance statementThe triphasic CT-based radiomics model achieved favorable performance in preoperatively predicting the Leibovich risk groups in patients with localized ccRCC. Therefore, it can be used as a non-invasive and effective tool for preoperative risk stratification of patients with localized ccRCC.Key points• The triphasic CT-based radiomics signature achieves better performance than the single-phase radiomics signature.• Radiomics holds prospects in preoper...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 10, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
MRI feature-based radiomics models to predict treatment outcome after stereotactic body radiotherapy for spinal metastases
ConclusionThe MRI-based radiomics models exhibited valuable predictive capability for treatment outcomes in patients with spinal metastases undergoing SBRT.Critical relevance statementRadiomics prediction models have the potential to contribute to clinical decision-making and improve the prognosis of patients with spinal metastases undergoing SBRT.Key points• Stereotactic body radiotherapy effectively delivers high doses of radiation to treat spinal metastases.• Accurate prediction of treatment outcomes has crucial clinical significance.• MRI-based radiomics models demonstrated good performance to predict treatment o...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 10, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
How to prepare for a bright future of radiology in Europe
AbstractBecause artificial intelligence (AI)-powered algorithms allow automated image analysis in a growing number of diagnostic scenarios, some healthcare stakeholders have raised doubts about the future of the entire radiologic profession. Their view disregards not only the role of radiologists in the diagnostic service chain beyond reporting, but also the many multidisciplinary and patient-related consulting tasks for which radiologists are solicited. The time commitment for these non-reporting tasks is considerable but difficult to quantify and often impossible to fulfil considering the current mismatch between workloa...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 10, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
