Dual-layer spectral-detector CT for predicting microsatellite instability status and prognosis in locally advanced gastric cancer
ConclusionThe combined model provides an efficient tool for predicting the MSI status of GC noninvasively and tumor recurrence risk stratification after surgery.Critical relevance statementMSI is an important molecular subtype in gastric cancer (GC). But MSI can only be evaluated using biopsy or postoperative tumor tissues. Our study developed a combined model based on DLCT which could effectively predict MSI preoperatively. Our result also showed that the combined model could stratify patients according to recurrence-free survival. It may be valuable for clinicians in choosing appropriate treatment strategies to avoid tum...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 19, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The diagnostic performance and clinical value of deep learning-based nodule detection system concerning influence of location of pulmonary nodule
ConclusionThe performance of the DLD system was lower in the detection of DZ nodules compared to that of NDZ nodules. Nonetheless, RR performance in detecting DZ nodules improved upon using the DLD system.Critical relevance statementDespite the deep learning-based nodule detection system ’s limitations in detecting danger zone nodules, it proves beneficial for less-experienced observers by providing valuable assistance in identifying these nodules, thereby advancing nodule detection in clinical practice.Key points• The deep learning-based nodule detection (DLD) system can improve the diagnostic performance of observers...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 19, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Best imaging signs identified by radiomics could outperform the model: application to differentiating lung carcinoid tumors from atypical hamartomas
ConclusionsA radiomics signature can distinguish hamartomas from carcinoids with an AUC = 0.76. Median density < 10 HU and > 60 HU on 3D or 2D-ROIs may be useful in clinical practice to diagnose these tumors with confidence, but 3D is more reproducible.Critical relevance statementRadiomic features help to identify the most discriminating imaging signs using random forest. ‘Median’ attenuation value (Hounsfield units), extracted from 3D-segmentations on contrast-enhanced chest-CTs, could distinguish carcinoids from atypical hamartomas (AUC = 0.85), was reproducible (ICC = 0.97), and generali...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 19, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Differentiation of pulmonary solid nodules attached to the pleura detected by thin-section CT
ConclusionIn patients with a smoking history, SPANs abutting the mediastinal pleura, having larger size (> 15.6 mm in diameter), lobulation, narrow basement, or simultaneous hilar and mediastinal lymph nodule enlargement are more likely to be malignant.Critical relevance statementThe benign and malignant SPANs have significant differences in clinical and CT features. Understanding the differences between benign and malignant SPANs is helpful for selecting the high-risk ones and avoiding unnecessary surgical resection.Key points• The solid pleura-attached nodules (SPANs) are closely related to the pleura.• Relati...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 12, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
CT-derived extracellular volume and liver volumetry can predict posthepatectomy liver failure in hepatocellular carcinoma
ConclusionsThe novel model contributes to the preoperative prediction of PHLF in resectable HCC patients.Critical relevance statementThe novel model combined CT –derived extracellular volume, measured future liver remnant ratio, and serum albumin outperforms the albumin–bilirubin score for predicting posthepatectomy liver failure in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Key points• CT-derived ECV correlated well with the fibrosis stage of the background liver.• CT-derived ECV and mFLR ratio were independent predictors for PHLF in HCC.• The AUC of the model was higher than the CT-derived ECV and mFLR r...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 12, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Stiffness on shear wave elastography as a potential microenvironment biomarker for predicting tumor recurrence in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma
ConclusionsStiffness measured by 2D-SWE could be a tumor microenvironment and tumor invasiveness biomarker. Peritumoral stiffness and adjacent liver stiffness showed important values in predicting tumor recurrence after curative resection in HBV-related HCC.Clinical relevance statementTumor and liver stiffness measured by two-dimensional shear wave elastography serve as imaging biomarkers for predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence, reflecting biological behavior and tumor microenvironment.Key points• Stiffness measured by two-dimensional shear wave elastography is a useful biomarker of tumor microenvironment and...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 12, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Pictorial essay: MRI evaluation of endometriosis-associated neoplasms
AbstractEndometriosis is a frequent pathology mostly affecting women of young age. When typical aspects are present, the diagnosis can easily be made at imaging, especially at MRI. Transformation of benign endometriosis to endometriosis-associated neoplasms is rare. The physiopathology is complex and remains controversial. Endometrioid carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma are the main histological subtypes. Our goal was to review the main imaging characteristics that should point to an ovarian or extra-ovarian endometriosis-related tumor, especially at MRI, as it may be relevant prior to surgical management.Key points• Tra...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 7, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Dissemination of endometrial cancer MRI staging guidelines among young radiologists: an ESUR Junior Network survey
ConclusionFour years after publication, the adoption of EC-ESUR guidelines in residency programs is heterogeneously low. Despite a possible selection bias, our findings indicate that active promotion of EC-ESUR guidelines is required.Key points• The adoption of ESUR guidelines on endometrial cancer in radiology residency programs is heterogeneous.• Almost one third of respondents stated they had never even consulted the guidelines.• Confidence toward guidelines was higher in those who were exposed to more endometrial cancer MRI staging scans.• Reading the guidelines was associated with a greater confidence in proto...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 4, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Development and validation of core entrustable professional activities for abdominal radiology
ConclusionThis study creates and validates EPAs for sub-specialised HB/GI diagnostic imaging.Critical relevance statementThirteen EPAs for sub-specialised hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal diagnostic imaging were created with a strong methodology, and as a first example set in sub-specialised diagnostic imaging, they provide a template for others to be created.Key points• The competence-based teaching in medical studies has recently been reintroduced through EPAs.• Thirteen EPAs have been developed for hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal sub-specialised diagnostic imaging.• These EPAs were validated using a Delphi mo...
Source: Insights into Imaging - August 29, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
An active learning approach to train a deep learning algorithm for tumor segmentation from brain MR images
ConclusionThe active learning approach when applied to model training can drastically reduce the time and labor spent on preparation of ground truth training data.Critical relevance statementActive learning concepts were applied to a deep learning-assisted segmentation of brain gliomas from MR images to assess their viability in reducing the required amount of manually annotated ground truth data in model training.Key points• This study focuses on assessing the performance of active learning techniques to train a brain MRI glioma segmentation model.• The active learning approach for manual segmentation can lead to comp...
Source: Insights into Imaging - August 25, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Diagnostic performance of prediction models for extraprostatic extension in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionPreoperative risk stratification is essential for PCa patients; both MRI-inclusive nomograms and traditional clinical nomograms had moderate diagnostic performance for predicting EPE in PCa. This study provides baseline comparative values for EPE prediction for future studies which is useful for evaluating preoperative risk stratification in PCa patients.Critical relevance statementThis meta-analysis firstly evaluated the diagnostic performance of preoperative MRI-inclusive nomograms and clinical nomograms for predicting extraprostatic extension (EPE) in prostate cancer (PCa) (moderate AUCs: 0.72 –0.80). We pro...
Source: Insights into Imaging - August 22, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Resident education in radiology in Europe including entrustable professional activities: results of an ESR survey
In conclusion, EPAs are beginning to be used in radiology resident training programs across Europe, and their use is expected to increase. There seems to be a positive attitude toward using EPAs in radiology and toward a common European framework.Critical relevance statement As a result of this survey, we found positive attitudes towards using entrustable professional activities (EPA) in radiology among the institutional member societies of the European Society of Radiology (ESR).Key points• Twenty-one percent of national member societies use entrustable professional activities (EPA) in radiology.• There is a positiv...
Source: Insights into Imaging - August 22, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Late gadolinium enhancement entropy as a new measure of myocardial tissue heterogeneity for prediction of adverse cardiac events in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
ConclusionLV entropy assessed by CMR was an independent predictor of primary and secondary endpoints. LV entropy assessment contributes to improved risk stratification in patients with HCM.Critical relevance statementMyocardial heterogeneity reflected by entropy the derived parameter of LGE has prognostic value for adverse events in HCM. The measurement of LV entropy helped to identify patients with HCM who were at risk for heart failure and sudden cardiac death.Key points• Left ventricular entropy can reflect myocardial heterogeneity in HCM patients.• Left ventricular entropy was significantly higher in HCM patients w...
Source: Insights into Imaging - August 21, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Reply to Letter to the editor: “Utilization of CT and MRI scanning in Taiwan, 2000–2017”
(Source: Insights into Imaging)
Source: Insights into Imaging - August 21, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Differences in the position of endometriosis-associated and non-associated ovarian cancer relative to the uterus
ConclusionHGSCs are often not attached to the uterus, and EAOCs are positioned more posteriorly to the uterus than non-EAOCs.Critical relevance statementHigh-grade serous carcinomas were often not attached to the uterus, and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers were positioned more posteriorly to the uterus than non-endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers.Key points• The position of the ovarian tumor can be determined using MRI.• High-grade serous carcinomas had less attachment to the uterus.• Endometriosis-associated cancers were positioned more posteriorly to the uterus.• The location of ovarian tumors i...
Source: Insights into Imaging - August 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
