Subchondral insufficiency fractures, subchondral insufficiency fractures with osteonecrosis, and other apparently spontaneous subchondral bone lesions of the knee —pathogenesis and diagnosis at imaging
AbstractSubchondral insufficiency fractures (SIFs) and SIFs with osteonecrosis (SIF-ONs) of the knee (previously misnamed spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK)) are bone lesions that appear without prior traumatic, tumoral, or inflammatory event.Both conditions are characterized in the early stages by epiphyseal bone marrow edema (BME)-like signal at MRI. However, while SIFs usually heal spontaneously, they can also evolve to osteonecrosis (i.e., SIF-ON), which may progress to an irreversible collapse of the articular surface. Careful analysis of other MRI signs may help differentiate the two conditions in the early...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 2, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Radiomics in the evaluation of ovarian masses — a systematic review
ConclusionRadiomics has the potential as a clinical diagnostic tool in patients with ovarian masses and may allow better lesion stratification, guiding more personalised patient care in the future. Standardisation of the feature extraction methodology, larger and more diverse patient cohorts and real-world evaluation is required before clinical translation.Clinical relevance statementRadiomics shows promising results in improving lesion stratification, treatment selection and outcome prediction. Modelling with larger cohorts and real-world evaluation is required before clinical translation.Key points• Radiomics is emergi...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 2, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Diagnostic error and bias in the department of radiology: a pictorial essay
AbstractDiagnostic imaging is an essential and indispensable part of medical diagnosis and treatment, and diagnostic errors or biases are also common in the department of radiology, sometimes even having a severe impact on the diagnosis and treatment of patients. There are various reasons for diagnostic errors or biases in imaging. In this review, we analyze and summarize the causes of diagnostic imaging errors and biases based on practical cases. We propose solutions for dealing with diagnostic imaging errors and reducing their probability, thereby helping radiologists in their clinical practice.Critical relevance stateme...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 2, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Correlation between synthetic MRI relaxometry and apparent diffusion coefficient in breast cancer subtypes with different neoadjuvant therapy response
ConclusionsThe relationship between ADC and PD maps in TNBC may indicate different NAT responses. The no-to-weak correlation between the ADC and syMRI suggests their complementary roles in tumor microenvironment evaluation.Critical relevance statementThe relationship between ADC and PD maps in TNBC may indicate different NAT responses, and the no-to-weak correlation between the ADC and syMRI suggests their complementary roles in tumor microenvironment evaluation.Key points• The relationship between ADC and PD in TNBC indicates different NAT responses.• The no-to-weak correlations between ADC and syMRI complementarily e...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 29, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Core and penumbra estimation using deep learning-based AIF in association with clinical measures in computed tomography perfusion (CTP)
ConclusionsWith inclusion of the CNN AIF in perfusion imaging pipeline, penumbra and core estimations are more reliable as they correlate with scores representing neurological deficits in stroke.Critical relevance statementWith CNN AIF perfusion imaging pipeline, penumbra and core estimations are more reliable as they correlate with scores representing neurological deficits in stroke.Graphic abstract (Source: Insights into Imaging)
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 29, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Pelvic floor parameters predict postpartum stress urinary incontinence: a prospective MRI study
ConclusionsIncreased retrovesicourethral angle, shortened functional urethral length, and the presence of bladder funnel may be anatomical predictors for SUI in the early postpartum period. Urethral sphincter dysfunction plays an essential role in developing postpartum SUI.Critical relevance statementThis study used several measurements to reflect the anatomical structure and functional changes of the pelvic floor to identify the best anatomical predictors associated with postpartum stress urinary incontinence (SUI), aiming to provide new insights into treatment strategies for postpartum SUI.Key points• Increased retrove...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 27, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Subspecialisation in radiology in Europe, a survey of the accreditation council of imaging
ConclusionsThere is a desire for more subspecialty recognition in radiology among European radiologists. Therefore, European subspecialty diplomas in radiology fulfil a need. Furthermore, there is room for further harmonisation and implementation on a European level regarding subspecialty training and recognition in radiology.Critical relevance statementAs there is a desire for more subspecialty recognition in radiology among European radiologists, European subspecialty diplomas in radiology fulfil a need and there is still room for further harmonisation and implementation on a European level regarding subspecialty trainin...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 25, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Label-set impact on deep learning-based prostate segmentation on MRI
ConclusionsWe investigated the impact of label-set selection on the performance of a DL-based prostate segmentation model. We found that the use of different sets of manual prostate gland and zone segmentations has a measurable impact on model performance. Nevertheless, DL-based segmentation appeared to have a greater inter-reader agreement than manual segmentation. More thought should be given to the label-set, with a focus on multicenter manual segmentation and agreement on common procedures.Critical relevance statementLabel-set selection significantly impacts the performance of a deep learning-based prostate segmentatio...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 25, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Myocardial extracellular volume quantification with computed tomography —current status and future outlook
This article summarizes the technical principles of myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) quantification with CT, reviews the literature comparing ECVCT with ECVMRI and histopathology, and reviews the prognostic value of myocardial ECV quantification for various cardiovascular disease.Key points• Non-invasive quantification of myocardial fibrosis can be performed with CT.• Myocardial ECV quantification with CT is an alternative in patients non-eligible for MRI.• Myocardial ECV quantification with CT strongly correlates with ECV quantification using MRI.• Myocardial ECV quantification provides incremental prognostic...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 25, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Utility of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in penile trauma
AbstractPenile traumatic injuries are rare with potentially severe consequences, with clinical assessment challenging due to pain and swelling. Ultrasound is the primary imaging modality for assessing the penis. It has a high spatial resolution and rapid availability and is portable. Contrast enhanced ultrasound is an advanced ultrasound technique that adds real-time dynamic vascular imaging safely, increasing diagnostic precision and confidence, allowing for better therapeutic management of traumatic penile injuries. Contrast enhanced ultrasound helps to delineate the extent of a hae matoma, distinguishing this from th...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 25, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Early chest CT abnormalities to predict the subsequent occurrence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction
ConclusionsCTi and CTf in the monitoring of LTx patients could predict CLAD. Moderate pulmonary artery stenosis, mosaic pattern, parenchyma condensations, and pleural effusions were risk factors for CLAD.Critical relevance statementThere is a potential predictive role of chest CT in the follow-up of LTx patients for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Early chest CT should focus on pulmonary artery stenosis (risk factor for CLAD in this study). During the follow-up (at least 9 months post-LTx), parenchymal consolidations and pleural effusions were shown to be risk factors for CLAD, and death in subgroup analyses.Key...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Factors influencing the outcome of volumetry tools for pulmonary nodule analysis: a systematic review and attempted meta-analysis
The objectives of this systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42022370233) are to summarise the current knowledge regarding factors that influence volumetry tools used in the analysis of pulmonary nodules, assess for significant clinical impact, identify gaps in current knowledge and suggest future research. Five databases (Medline, Scopus, Journals@Ovid, Embase and Emcare) were searched on the 21st of September, 2022, and 137 original research studies were included, explicitly testing the potential impact of influencing factors on the outcome of volumetry tools. The summary of these studies is tabulated, and a narrative review is...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Value of placental virtual magnetic resonance elastography and intravoxel incoherent motion-based diffusion and perfusion in predicting adverse outcomes of small-for-gestational-age infants
ConclusionsFunctional MRI parameters to quantify placenta elastography and microcirculation in SGA patients. This might be a useful tool to assess placental function and a vital non-invasive supplement for predicting adverse outcomes of SGA infants.Critical relevance statementThis prospective study shows DWI-based virtual magnetic resonance elastography and intravoxel incoherent motion-based functional parameters to quantify placenta elastography and microcirculation in small-for-gestational-age patients, which could complement existing non-invasive methods for monitoring and predicting neonatal perinatal adverse outcome.K...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Predictive modeling based on tumor spectral CT parameters and clinical features for postoperative complications in patients undergoing colon resection for cancer
ConclusionsThe model combining MonoE40keV-VP and VFA can predict POCs before surgery in colon cancer and provide a basis for individualized management plans.Critical relevance statementThe model combining MonoE40keV-VP and visceral fat area can predict postoperative complications before surgery in colon cancer and provide a basis for individualized management plans.Key points• Visceral fat area and MonoE40keV-VP were independent predictors of postoperative complications in colon cancer.• The combined model yielded a high AUC, sensitivity, and specificity in predicting postoperative complications.• The combined model ...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Natural language processing for automatic evaluation of free-text answers — a feasibility study based on the European Diploma in Radiology examination
ConclusionThis study showed the successful design of an NLP-based approach for automatic evaluation of free-text answers in the EDiR examination. Thus, as a future field of application, NLP could work as a decision-support system for reviewers and support the design of examinations being adjusted to the requirements of an automated, NLP-based review process.Clinical relevance statementNatural language processing can be successfully used to automatically evaluate free-text answers, performing better with more structured question-answer formats. Furthermore, this study provides a baseline for further work applying, e.g., mor...
Source: Insights into Imaging - September 19, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
