Metabolic changes during larval –pupal metamorphosis of Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa armigera larvae quickly grow and accumulate carbohydrates and lipids with rapid aerobic glycolysis during the feeding stage. Aerobic glycolysis is rapidly inactivated, and lipid degradation is rapidly activated, during the larval nonfeeding stage. 20-hydroxyecdysone cooperates with carnitine to promote lipid utilization. AbstractEnergy metabolism is essential for insect metamorphosis. The accumulation and utilization of energy is still not completely clear during larval –pupal metamorphosis of holometabolous insects. We used metabolome and transcriptome analysis to reveal key metabolic changes in the fat body...
Source: Insect Science - May 18, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Xinxin Gao,
Jihong Zhang,
Qilian Qin,
Peipei Wu,
Huan Zhang,
Qian Meng Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larval heat generation and management
AbstractMass production of black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), larvae results in massive heat generation, which impacts facility management, waste conversion, and larval production. We tested daily substrate temperatures with different population densities (i.e., 0, 500, 1000, 5000, and 10 000 larvae/pan), different population sizes (i.e., 166, 1000, and 10 000 larvae at a fixed feed ratio) and air temperatures (i.e., 20 and 30 °C) on various production parameters. Impacts of shifting larvae from 30 to 20 °C on either day 9 or 11 were also determined. Larval activity increased substrate tem...
Source: Insect Science - May 16, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Chujun Li,
Nicola F. Addeo,
Travis W. Rusch,
Aaron M. Tarone,
Jeffery K. Tomberlin Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
RNA interference in insects: the link between antiviral defense and pest control
Both viral infection and insecticidal dsRNA trigger the same RNAi machinery, which determines the efficacy of RNAi in insects. RNAi-based biological control not only avoids off-target effects in beneficial organisms, but also achieves synergy between RNAi and other biological control agents. AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is a form of gene silencing triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that operates in all eukaryotic cells. RNAi has been widely investigated in insects to determine the underlying molecular mechanism, to investigate its role in systemic antiviral defense, and to develop strategies for pest control. When...
Source: Insect Science - May 10, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jinzhi Niu,
Ruoyu Chen,
Jin ‐Jun Wang Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Male larval experience of cues from adult rivals alters lifetime sperm investment patterns in a sperm heteromorphic moth, Ephestia kuehniella
Using a sperm heteromorphic moth,Ephestia kuehniella, we investigate how male larvae of different ages respond to cues from adult rivals and adjust their lifetime sperm production and ejaculation. We demonstrate that in response to adult male cues, late instar larvae produce more sperm before emergence and their resultant adults have shorter mating latency and ejaculate more sperm in the first few matings. If juveniles produce more fertile eupyrene sperm before emergence, their adults stop making these sperm, but regardless of the number of infertile apyrene sperm produced during the juvenile stage, adults continue to make...
Source: Insect Science - May 10, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Junyan Liu,
Xiong Zhao He,
Qiao Wang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Heterogeneous distribution of Cardinium in whitefly populations is associated with host nuclear genetic background
In conclusion, our results provide evidence thatCardinium-mediated fitness effects were closely associated with the host genetic background, which provides a fundamental basis for understanding the mechanism underlying the heterogeneous distribution ofCardinium inB. tabaci MED populations across China. (Source: Insect Science)
Source: Insect Science - May 6, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Hongran Li,
Ying Liu,
Xiaoying Wei,
Huipeng Pan,
Youjun Zhang,
Xuguo Zhou,
Dong Chu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Female ticks (Ixodes scapularis) infected with Borrelia burgdorferi have increased overwintering survival, with implications for tick population growth
We demonstrate that adult ticks (Ixodes scapularis) infected withBorrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme Disease, have greater overwintering survival than uninfected ticks.Adult ticks were placed in individual microcosms and allowed to overwinter. In the spring we collected the ticks and tested both dead and living ticks forB. burgdorferi DNA. We also performed lab tests to show that we could accurately identifyB. burgdorferi DNA in ticks 10 weeks after their death. The study was repeated over 3 years, and infected ticks were more likely to survive the winter than uninfected ticks in each of the 3 winters in t...
Source: Insect Science - May 6, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Amal El Nabbout,
Laura V. Ferguson,
Atsushi Miyashita,
Shelley A. Adamo Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus induces BmFABP1 downregulation to promote viral proliferation
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are important endogenous cytoprotectants. However, FABP studies have been poorly reported in invertebrates. Our earlier study discovered theBombyx mori fatty acid binding protein 1 (BmFABP1) by coimmunoprecipitation. BmFABP1 can inhibit the replication ofB. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) when the silkworms are infected with BmNPV. AbstractFatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) play an important role as endogenous cytoprotectants. However, studies on FABPs in invertebrates are scarce. Previously, we discoveredBombyx mori fatty acid binding protein 1 (BmFABP1) through co-immunoprecipitatio...
Source: Insect Science - May 5, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Xiong Wang,
Guangyu Ma,
Feifei Ren,
Mian Muhammad Awais,
Jingchen Sun Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Several whitefly genome assemblies and an integrated whitefly gene search platform
(Source: Insect Science)
Source: Insect Science - May 5, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Xingnuo Li,
Peng Liang,
Mingyue Wu,
Shaoli Wang,
Qingjun Wu,
Wen Xie,
Youjun Zhang Tags: LETTER TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research
A secreted salivary effector from Riptortus pedestris impairs soybean defense through modulating phytohormone signaling pathways
This study found that a salivary protein Rp2155 ofRiptortus pedestris was involved in promoting pest infestation, and provided a useful RNA interference target for pest control. Our results also demonstrated evidence to help understand the role of the salivary proteins on the prevention and treatment of staygreen syndrome. AbstractRiptortus pedestris (Fabricius), one of the major piercing-sucking insects in soybeans, causes delayed plant senescence and abnormal pods, known as staygreen syndrome. Recent research has shown that direct feeding of this insect is the major cause of soybean staygreen syndrome. However, it remain...
Source: Insect Science - May 5, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Yue Huang,
Biao Hu,
Zhongyan Wei,
Shiqi Shan,
Chunyun Guo,
Hehong Zhang,
Yanjun Li,
Jianping Chen,
Xue Kang,
Haijian Huang,
Zongtao Sun Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Identification and characterization of extrachromosomal circular DNA in the silk gland of Bombyx mori
The silk gland cells of silkworm are special cells in which division occurs only at the embryonic stage. Throughout the larval stage, the silk gland cells only replicate DNA in the nucleus without cell division. The extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) have not yet been reported in the silk gland of silkworms. Herein, Zhuet al. have explored the characterization of eccDNAs in the posterior silk gland of silkworms. Motif analysis revealed that dual direct repeats flanking the 5 ′ and 3′ breaking points of eccDNA might support possible models for eccDNA generation. Genomic annotation of the eccDNA found that silk p...
Source: Insect Science - April 10, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Min Zhu,
Xinyu Tong,
Qunnan Qiu,
Jun Pan,
Shulin Wei,
Yuming Ding,
Yongjie Feng,
Xiaolong Hu,
Chengliang Gong Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Methyl ‐CpG binding domain (MBD)2/3 specifically recognizes and binds to the genomic mCpG site with a β‐sheet in the MBD to affect embryonic development in Bombyx mori
In this study, we identified 2 isoforms of the MBD2/3 gene inBombyx mori, MBD2/3-S and MBD2/3-L. Binding analysis of MBD2/3-L, MBD2/3-S, and 7 mutant MBD2/3-L proteins deficient inβ1 −β6 orα1 in the MBD showed thatβ2 −β3-turns in theβ-sheet of the MBD are necessary for the formation of the MBD2/3 –mCpG complex; furthermore, other secondary structures, namely,β4 −β6 and anα-helix, play a role in stabilizing theβ-sheet structure to ensure that the MBD is able to bind mCpG. In addition, sequence alignment and binding analyses of different insect MBD2/3s indicated that insect MBD2/3s have an intact and conser...
Source: Insect Science - April 10, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Tong ‐Yu Fu,
Shuang‐Shun Ji,
Yu‐Lin Tian,
Yi‐Guang Lin,
Yu‐Mei Chen,
Qi‐En Zhong,
Si‐Chun Zheng,
Guan‐Feng Xu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Research progress toward the influence of mosquito salivary proteins on the transmission of mosquito ‐borne viruses
Mosquito salivary proteins (MSPs) bear multitudinous functions, embracing facilitating blood feeding and affecting the infection of mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs)via directly interplaying with MBVs or tuning the homeostasis of host cells.In vivo, MSPs can modulate host's innate and adaptive immunity, which in turn impacts the native infection at the bite site and the remote dissemination of MBVs. MSP-based MBV transmission-blocking vaccines are neoteric and effective tactics to stifle the MBV transmission. AbstractMosquito-borne viruses (MBVs) are a large class of viruses transmitted mainly through mosquito bites, including...
Source: Insect Science - April 6, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Zhao ‐Yang Wang,
Kai‐Xiao Nie,
Ji‐Chen Niu,
Gong Cheng Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Cover Caption
The social aphidPseudoregma bambucicola can produce morphologically and behaviorally specialized sterile soldiers and reproductively normal nymphs, and represents a good model system for studying social evolution. The cover photo shows a colony of this species on bamboo, in which several parthenogenetic viviparous mothers are producing offspring. Remarkable reproductive plasticity in parthenogenetic mothers and a novel strategy of regulating caste ratio via maternal reproductive differentiation were found in this social hemipteran (see pages 582-586). Photo provided by Xiaolei Huang. (Source: Insect Science)
Source: Insect Science - April 3, 2023 Category: Biology Tags: CONTENTS Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Insect Science)
Source: Insect Science - April 3, 2023 Category: Biology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Paper wasps larval formations from the perspective of physics
From a physics perspective, paper wasps arrange larval systems in specific formations to attain mechanical stability for the nest. The closer the distance between the center of mass of the larval system (CML) and the center of mass of the nest (CMN), the lower the moment of force generated by the larval system, resulting in a more stable nest. (Source: Insect Science)
Source: Insect Science - March 30, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Aan Priyanto,
Dian Ahmad Hapidin,
William Xaveriano Waresindo,
Susanto Susanto,
Mahardika Prasetya Aji,
Khairurrijal Khairurrijal Tags: LETTER TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research
