Phylogenetic placement of bizarre karschiellid earwigs
(Source: Insect Science)
Source: Insect Science - July 17, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Petr Ko čárek, Ivona Horká, Vojtěch Bonczek, Markéta Kirstová Tags: LETTER TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Cross ‐resistance and genetics of field‐evolved resistance to chlorfenapyr in Plutella xylostella
Field-derived high-level resistance to chlorfenapyr inPlutella xylostella was autosomal, incompletely dominant, and controlled by monofactor. Lack of cross-resistance highlights the importance of rotation of chlorfenapyr and other insecticides. AbstractChlorfenapyr is a broad-spectrum halogenated pyrrole insecticide with a unique mode of action. Due to the misuse and overuse of this chemical, resistance has been reported in several arthropods, includingPlutella xylostella, which is one of the most destructive insect pests afflicting crucifers worldwide. A better understanding of the cross-resistance and genetics of field-e...
Source: Insect Science - July 17, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Cheng Qian, Jialin Li, Shuwen Wu, Yihua Yang, Yidong Wu, Xingliang Wang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Role of climatic variability in shaping intraspecific variation of thermal tolerance in Mediterranean water beetles
• We tested the climatic variability hypothesis (CVH) and trade-off hypothesis in populations of three water beetles with similar annual mean temperature but contrasting thermal variability (continental vs. coastal population). • In two of the species, thermal ranges were wider in the continenta l (more variable) than the coastal (more stable) population, at the cost of losing plasticity of the upper thermal limit. • Overall, our results support the role of local adaptation to thermal variability and trade-offs between basal tolerance and physiological plasticity in shaping thermal tolera nce in aquatic ectotherms. A...
Source: Insect Science - June 28, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Susana Pallar és, David Garoffolo, Belén Rodríguez, David Sánchez‐Fernández Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Plants affect the horizontal transmission of a new densovirus infecting the green peach aphid Myzus persicae by modulating honeydew production
In a tritrophic context of plant –insect–entomopathogen, plants play important roles in manipulating the interaction of insects and their pathogenic viruses. Currently, some studies in this field focused on baculoviruses and some RNA viruses, whereas the impact of plants on other insect viruses is largely unknown. Here, we iden tified a new densovirus infecting the green peach aphidMyzus persicae. The complete genome of this virus is 5  727 nt and contains inverted terminal repeats. Genomic organization, transcription strategy, and the phylogenetic status of the virus are distinct from other aphid densoviruses. Cabba...
Source: Insect Science - June 28, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Ya Guo, Yani Zhao, Yang Yang, Yahong Zhang, Yuying Li, Honggang Tian, Tong ‐Xian Liu, Zhaofei Li Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

The appearance of cytoplasmic cytochrome C precedes apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation
In this study, we discovered that during the degradation ofDrosophila salivary gland, the transcription ofmitochondria apoptosis factors (MAPFs),Cyt-c, anddeath-associated APAF1-related killer (Dark) encoding genes are all upregulated antecedent toinitiator andeffector caspases encoding genes. The proteins Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 appear gradually in the cytoplasm during salivary gland degradation. Meanwhile, the Cyt-c protein colocates with mito-GFP, the marker indicating cytoplasmic mitochondria, and the change in mitochondrial membrane potential coincides with the appearance of Cyt-c in the cytoplasm. Moreover, im...
Source: Insect Science - June 28, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Shihui Long, Wenxin Cao, Yongyu Qiu, Ruohan Deng, Jiali Liu, Lidan Zhang, Renke Dong, Fengxin Liu, Sheng Li, Haigang Zhao, Na Li, Kang Li Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Genome ‐wide CRISPR screening reveals key genes and pathways associated with 20‐hydroxyecdysone signal transduction in the silkworm (Bombyx mori)
In this study, we used our silkworm CRISPR library and large-scale genome-wide screening to analyze the key genes in the silkworm 20E signaling pathway and their mechanisms of action. Functional annotation showed that 20E regulates key proteins in processes that mainly occur in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that 20E can activate phosphorylation and may affect innate immunity, interfere with intracellular nutrition and energy metabolism, and eventually cause cell apoptosis. The screening results were experimentally validated by generating cells with knockout alleles of the relevant genes, whi...
Source: Insect Science - June 27, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Hao Sun, Jingya Chen, Ruolin Wang, Dan Liu, Na Zhang, Tong Zhang, Ling Jia, Sanyuan Ma, Qingyou Xia Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Odorant ‐binding protein 19 in Monochamus alternatus involved in the recognition of a volatile strongly emitted from ovipositing host pines
OBP19 ofMonochamus alternatus is involved in detection of camphene, strongly emitted from ovipositing host. Double-stranded RNA producedvia transcription in vitro and bacteria-expressed system both lead to knockdown of OBP19. AbstractMonochamus alternatus is the primary carrier of pine wood nematodes, which pose a serious threat toPinus spp. in many countries. Newly emergingM. alternatus adults feed on heathy host pines, while matured adults transfer to stressed host pines for mating and oviposition. Several odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) ofM. alternatus have been proved to aid in the complex process of host location. To ...
Source: Insect Science - June 27, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Ruinan Yang, Dongzhen Li, Shancheng Yi, Yi Wei, Manqun Wang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Insect ‐specific RNA virus affects the stylet penetration activity of brown citrus aphid (Aphis citricidus) to facilitate its transmission
An insect-specific virus – Aphis citricidus picornavirus (AcPV) could influence the stylet penetration activity ofAphis citricidus to benefit its transmission. This finding gives us a new aspect on insect-specific viruses in the tropical-level interaction of virus –insect–plant. AbstractSap-sucking insects often transmit plant viruses but also carry insect viruses, which infect insects but not plants. The impact of such insect viruses on insect host biology and ecology is largely unknown. Here, we identified a novel insect-specific virus carried by brown citrus aphid (Aphis citricidus), which we tentatively named Aph...
Source: Insect Science - June 26, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Xin An, Qiaoying Gu, Jing Wang, Tengyu Chang, Wei Zhang, Jin ‐Jun Wang, Jinzhi Niu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Functional characterization of Bmcap in uric acid metabolism in the silkworm
First we identified human Bloc1 complex subunit Cappuccino homologous geneBmcap in silkworm.Knockout of theBmcap gene by CRISPR/Cas9 led to the translucent larvae of silkworm.Bmcap mutation caused the decrease of uric acid in silkworm epidermis. The transcriptome analysis of midgut tissue and whole tissue inBmcap shows the changes in purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and membrane region pathways. AbstractAfter a millennium of domestication, numerous silkworm mutants have emerged that exhibit transparent epidermis, which is caused by abnormally low levels of uric acid. We identified theBombyx ...
Source: Insect Science - June 26, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Linmeng Tang, Dehong Yang, Zhiwei Liu, Yaohui Wang, Xu Yang, Yujia Liu, Dongbin Chen, Zheng Tang, Yongping Huang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

An efficient and safe strategy for germ cell ‐specific automatic excision of foreign DNA in F1 hybrid transgenic silkworms
The procedure for achieving germ cell-specific automatic excision of target transgene sequences in F1 transgenic silkworms is shown in the left inset. First, the G1 transgenic activator strain silkworm is crossed with the effector strain silkworm to produce F1 double-transgenic silkworms. Then, the F1 double-transgenic silkworms are either mated with each other or backcrossed with wild-type (WT) silkworms to produce F2 target transgene-free silkworms. The right inset illustrates the specific and automatic excision ofFRT-flanked target transgenes in germ cells of F1 double-transgenic silkworms, through the use of theBombyx ...
Source: Insect Science - June 26, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Dingpei Long, Rongpeng Liu, Yang Huang, Anyao Fu, Yuli Zhang, Zhanzhang Hao, Qiang Li, Hanfu Xu, Zhonghuai Xiang, Aichun Zhao Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Variation in Bombyx mori immune response against fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana with variability in cell wall β‐1,3‐glucan
Strains of a single species of pathogenic fungi that differ in cell wall components can induce differences ofBombyx mori inner immune recognition. AbstractEntomopathogenic fungi are protected by a cell wall with dynamic structure for adapting to various environmental conditions.β-1,3-Glucan recognition proteins activate the innate immune system of insects by recognizing surface molecules of fungi. However, the associations between pathogenicity and the different components of entomopathogenic fungal cell walls remain unclear. ThreeBeauveria bassiana strains were selected that have significantly differing virulence against...
Source: Insect Science - June 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Yulong Wang, Zhen Liu, Xuebing Yin, Shihong Liu, Kai Wang, Rongjie Wan, Haoran Chen, Xinyang Li, Bo Huang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

MicroR ‐9c‐5p and novel‐mir50 co‐target Akt to regulate Lasioderma serricorne reproduction
This study identified 2 binding sites ofmiR-9c-5p andnovel-mir50 in the coding sequences ofLsAkt. The expression profiles of 2 microRNAs (miRNAs) andLsAkt displayed an opposite pattern during the adult stages. Luciferase reporter assay showed thatnovel-mir50 andmiR-9c-5p could downregulate the expression ofLsAkt. Overexpression ofmiR-9c-5p andnovel-mir50 by injection of mimics inhibited the expression ofLsAkt and reduced oviposition, decreased egg hatchability, and blocked ovarian development. It also decreased the expression of genes involved in ovarian development (LsVg andLsVgR) and the nutritional signaling pathway (Ls...
Source: Insect Science - June 23, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Yi Yan, Dong ‐Dong Qin, Hong Yang, Kang‐Kang Xu, Can Li, Wen‐Jia Yang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

The evolution and functional divergence of 10 Apolipoprotein D ‐like genes in Nilaparvata lugens
In this study, we identified 10ApoD-like genes (NlApoD1 −10) with distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns inNilaparvata lugens (BPH), which is an important pest of rice.NlApoD1 −10 were found to be distributed on 3 chromosomes in a tandem array ofNlApoD1/2,NlApoD3 −5, andNlApoD7/8, and show sequence and gene structural divergence in the coding regions, indicating that multiple gene duplication events occurred during evolution. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that NlApoD1 −10 can be clustered into 5 clades, with NlApoD3−5 and NlApoD7/8 potentially evolving exclusively in the Delphacidae family. Functional scree...
Source: Insect Science - June 20, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Jia ‐Bao Lu, Peng‐Peng Ren, Qiao Li, Fang He, Zhong‐Tian Xu, Sai‐Nan Wang, Jian‐Ping Chen, Jun‐Min Li, Chuan‐Xi Zhang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Hexamerin and allergen are required for female reproduction in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana
Two proteins, hexamerin and allergen, separated from the fat body of female adults of the American cockroach, were identified as storage proteins. They play an important role in the juvenile hormone-stimulated female reproduction and may be involvedvia metabolism or nutrition. AbstractReproduction is of great importance for the continuation of the species. In insects, the fat body is the major tissue for nutrient storage and involved in vitellogenesis, which is essential for female reproduction. Here, 2 proteins, hexamerin and allergen, were separated from the fat bodies of adult female American cockroaches (Periplaneta am...
Source: Insect Science - June 17, 2023 Category: Biology Authors: Shiming Zhu, Xiaoyi Chen, Sishi Xia, Qin Li, Ziqi Ye, Shaoting Zhao, Kexin Liu, Fangfang Liu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Insect Science)
Source: Insect Science - June 14, 2023 Category: Biology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research