Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Evaluating the sensitivity of presumptive and confirmatory tests for body fluids
In this study we evaluated the presumptive methods currently used for blood (Hemastix ® and Kastle-Meyer), semen (Phosphatesmo KM) and saliva (Phadebas®) in comparison to the confirmatory tests OBTI Hexagon and RSID™ Blood, RSID™ Semen and RSID Saliva™. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 26, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Bushra Idris, William H. Goodwin Source Type: research

A customized protocol to generate STR profiles from latent fingerprints
For decades, dactyloscopical and DNA analyses have both played a key role in forensic investigations involving friction skin patterns and/or human biological material. In many occasions, friction ridge impressions may hold little discriminatory power due to low quality of ridge patterns and/or insufficient area extension of such patterns. In these cases, an appropriate human DNA collection and a high-quality DNA extraction become crucial steps to yield a genetic identity from an unsuitable latent fingerprint pattern. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 26, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Michele Di Nunzio, Ana Mar ía Rodríguez-Lozoya, Josep De Alcaraz-Fossoul, Carme Barrot-Feixat Source Type: research

Nuclear DNA SNP Profiles Derived from Human Hair Shaft
DNA from rootless hair shaft is fragmented and in low abundance. We have developed methods using capture hybridization and massively parallel sequencing to generate nuclear genotype profiles from hair. Using a panel targeting 215 SNP loci highly informative for ancestry and identity, our results elicited a probability of inclusion of approximately one in greater than 9.6E+39. This shows the potential of this approach to obtain nuclear genotype information from hair shaft DNA. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 26, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Elaine Lewis, Owen Benefiel, Maria Vittoria Fronda, Daniele Podini Source Type: research

Machine Learning overview for biogeographical ancestry prediction - a PLS-DA approach
Biogeographical ancestry (BGA) of a trace or person/skeleton refers to the component of ethnicity, which is composed of biological and cultural elements and is biologically determined. Nowadays, many people are interested in researching their genealogy, and the ability to distinguish biogeographic information about populations and subgroups using DNA analysis plays an essential role in various fields, such as forensics. For example, it is advantageous for investigative and intelligence purposes to infer the biogeographic origin of perpetrators or victims of unsolved cases when reference profiles of perpetrators or database...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Eugenio Alladio, Brando Poggiali, Giulia Cosenza, Selena Cisana, Monica Omedei, Paolo Garofano, Elena Pilli Source Type: research

Genetic profiling from 9  mm fired cartridge cases over 30 days
Fired cartridge cases are common materials found at crime scenes and, for the most part, are used for Forensic Ballistics analysis. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of recovering DNA profiles from 9  mm cartridge cases over 30 days. Therefore, 27 fired cartridge cases were manipulated by three volunteers in total and analyzed after three-time intervals: 3, 8, and 30 days. Volunteers were asked to handle the ammunition as they would daily. However, they were not encouraged to hold and manipulat e the ammunitions extensively, as this procedure does not represent a real-life situation. (Source: Forensic Science Internati...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Ludmila Alem, Beatriz Cristina Mendes da Rocha Marques, Tatiana Lucia Santos Nogueira, Dayse Aparecida da Silva Source Type: research

Multivariate statistical approach and machine learning for the evaluation of biogeographical ancestry inference in the forensic field
Biogeographical ancestry (BGA) of a trace or person/skeleton refers to the component of ethnicity, which is composed of biological and cultural elements and is biologically determined. Nowadays, many people are interested in researching their genealogy, and the ability to distinguish biogeographic information about populations and subgroups using DNA analysis plays an essential role in various fields, such as forensics. For example, it is advantageous for investigative and intelligence purposes to infer the biogeographic origin of perpetrators or victims of unsolved cases when reference profiles of perpetrators or database...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Eugenio Alladio, Brando Poggiali, Giulia Cosenza, Selena Cisana, Monica Omedei, Paolo Garofano, Elena Pilli Source Type: research

DNA transfer in an office space visited by an intruder after resumed use by the owner
Knowledge of DNA-TPPR in various settings and circumstances can aid sample targeting and collection, interpretation of DNA profiles, and activity level assessments. The present study looks at a number of items/surfaces in a single-use office space that was sequentially used for one hour by the owner, a temporary occupant (intruder), and the owner (3h total). Video recording allowed evaluation of contacts made by participants to assist targeted sampling. In a majority of samples, the owner of the office space was the major contributor regardless of the last person to have contacted an item/surface. (Source: Forensic Science...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Monique Zacher, Roland A.H. van Oorschot, Oliva Handt, Mariya Goray Source Type: research

Using DNA to Develop a Profile of Phenotypic Characteristics of Historic Period Human Remains
In this study, we employed the Verogen ForenSeq Signature Prep Kit STR and SNP panel MPS on a MiSeq FGx instrument to develop a phenotypic profile and ancestry predictions of historic period human remains from two locations in Maryland and Virginia, USA. Externally visible characteristics (EVCs) and human identity markers applied to familial relationships can be used to augment the bioarcheological findings. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Kelly M. Elkins, Dana D. Kollmann, Paige Bowie, Tess Chart, Karissa K. Gorr, Brianna Hutson, Brianna D. Kiesel, Adam Klavens, Cynthia B. Zeller Source Type: research

Developmental validation of the Investigator Argus Y-28 QS Kit
The analysis of Y-chromosomal STRs is an integral part of forensic practice, especially in the context of sexual offenses, where it enables the identification of a male even in a high background of female DNA. We have developed and validated the new Investigator Argus Y-28 QS Kit as an assay to co-amplify 27 Y-STR markers. The new Fast Reaction Mix 3.0 ensures not only robust and fast PCR amplification with improved inhibitor resistance and easy handling, but also provides enhanced robustness towards DNA overloading and stability. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Miroslav Vrane š, Mario Scherer, Cornelius Stefan, König Margaretha, Kraemer Melanie, Terramagra Daniele, Kohns Annika, Prochnow Anke Source Type: research

The effect of substrates and time of deposition on molecular analysis of fly artifacts
The activity of animals and insects at the crime scene can provide useful elements to reconstruct the dynamics of the event. Any insect that interacts with wet body fluids can produce artifacts which can be confused with human bloodstains. Considering that flies are the early colonizers of the crime scene and first players of the process of contamination, the problem is to distinguish stains produced by fly regurgitation or fecal elimination on a crime scene. Actually, fly artifacts are morphologically very similar to impact, projected, sneezed, and expirated bloodstains and cannot be reliably distinguished using presumpti...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: C. Bini, A. Giorgetti, G. Fazio, S. Amurri, E. Tangorra, E. Giovannini, S. Pelotti Source Type: research

An NGS-based microhaplotype system with high polymorphism for forensic DNA mixtures analysis
Microhaplotype is a novel genetic marker characterized by high polymorphism and short amplicon, which have a powerful potential in mixture deconvolution. The previous microhaplotype only contained single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we suggested two or more closely linked SNPs/insertion and deletion polymorphisms (Indels) associated in multiple allelic combinations within 300bp can be defined as generalized microhaplotypes to increase the number of candidate loci and polymorphism. We developed a system consisting of two groups of 62 and 71 microhaplotypes with high polymorphism based on the Next Generation Sequencing (...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Mengyu Tan, Jiaming Xue, Ranran Zhrang, Hui Jian, Yuanyuan Xiao, Guihong Liu, Yazi Zheng, Qiushuo Wu, Shengqiu Qu, Weibo Liang Source Type: research

Detection of human DNA in the air
This study explored the feasibility of aerosol DNA as a source of information to aid human identification in criminal cases. Air samples were collected using the AirPrep ™ ACD220 electret filter air sampler from indoor environments. Dust samples were collected in parallel from surfaces in the same areas. A new method to extract human DNA from the air filters was developed. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Chiara Fantinato, Peter Gill, Ane Elida Fonnel øp Source Type: research

Consent form, the highest ethical standard in creating DNA databases for criminal investigation
Preparation of DNA databases for the purpose of criminal investigation opens discussions about ethical-legal issues concerning violation of human rights. The practice shows that one of the human rights that can be misused while creating such a database is the right to freedom, the freedom to make a decision. When preparing DNA databases, the right to freedom refers to free decision of the person to be sampled for carrying out the test. The right to freedom and respect to self-determination of the person implies the necessity of prior consent of the subject when preparing a database on general population level. (Source: For...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Renata Jankova, Pavlinka Donevska-Stefanov, Natasha Bitoljanu, Goran Pavlovski, Robert Janevski, Aleksandar Stankov Source Type: research

Identification of individuals by RNA sequencing of low template samples
In this pilot study, we made dilutions of DNA/RNA co-extractions (1,000-12.5pg gDNA) and whole transcriptome shotgun sequenced RNA on a NovaSeq 6000 platform (Illumina). Whole blood samples from two individuals were sequenced in triplicate for each dilution.More than 450,000 RNA variants were identified to have overlapping positions with the gnomAD 3.0 DNA variant database in the 50 genes with most reads. Between 7,000 and 45,000 of these loci were covered with at least 70 reads in the various dilutions. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Jeppe Dyrberg Andersen, Marie-Louise Kampmann, Claus B ørsting Source Type: research

Evaluation of pyromark q48 autoprep with hirisplex-s in an italian population sample
If there is no match in the National DNA database, forensic phenotyping represents an opportunity to give a new impulse to criminal investigation. However, in most forensic laboratories the phenotypic analysis flow is limited to few samples per year and the costs of NGS methodologies, nowadays, could be a discriminating factor. In addition, in some criminal cases time is crucial and the laboratory is required to provide information as soon as possible. In this context, we decided to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of PyroMark Q48 Autoprep to obtain phenotypic data using HIrisPlex-S panel on 54 samples from people...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - October 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Fabiano Gentile, Anna Cherubini, Domenico Colloca, Adriano Passero, Valeria Pirocchi, Gianluca Casamassima, Alberto Marino Source Type: research