Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

A Monte Carlo Simulation and Sensitivity Cost Benefit Analysis for use of Nylon 4N6FLOQSwabs ®
Forensic genetic laboratories are challenged with implementing innovation even if the benefits to operational performance are well demonstrated often because of internal budget constraints. A prospective cost –benefit analysis (CBA) could support justification for an increased budget by effectively demonstrating in a system-based approach the relatively small cost of increasing a laboratory budget can substantially reduce costs to society (both qualitatively and monetarily). A Monte Carlo simulation an d sensitivity CBA was performed using a more expensive swab (i.e., nylon 4N6FLOQSwabs®) compared with a less costly cot...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 28, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Bruce Budowle, Andrew Arnette, Jianye Ge, Antti Sajantila Source Type: research

A multifaceted, multijurisdictional, multiagency, and multidisciplinary approach to investigating unidentified and missing persons cases in Australia
Currently, there are approximately 750 unidentified human remains and 2500 long-term missing persons in Australia. The Australian Federal Police National DNA Program for Unidentified and Missing Persons (Program) is using a multifaceted, multijurisdictional, multiagency, and multidisciplinary approach in a dedicated effort to identify these unknown deceased persons, scientifically link them to known missing persons, and provide answers to their families. The nationally coordinated Program provides its police, forensic, and coronial stakeholders with a suite of contemporary forensic technologies, databases, and experts to f...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 28, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Jodie Ward Source Type: research

Introducing eNoC – A simple, excel-based tool for improved assignment of the number of contributors (NoC) to a mixture
Assigning NoC in a mixed STR profile is an important preliminary step in computing a likelihood ratio (LR). A common metric is maximum allele count (MAC) whereby the locus exhibiting the largest number of alleles is used to set the NOC. This metric can be supplemented by considering total allele count (TAC) and locus allele count (LAC). TAC is the total number of alleles across all loci and is compared with probability distributions generated in silico. LAC works similarly, save that the probability distributions are generated at the locus level. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 27, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Jim Thomson, David Moore, Tim Clayton Source Type: research

Comparison of operational DNA recovery methods: Swabs versus tapelifts
It is routine among many jurisdictions to recover DNA using tapelifts on porous substrates (e.g. clothing) and swabs on non-porous substrates (e.g. tool handles). Here, we examine this by comparing the efficiency of the NSW jurisdiction ’s specific swabbing and tapelift techniques on a range of porous and non-porous substrates. To test DNA recovery efficiency, 30ul aliquots of 1:50 and 1:100 saliva dilutions were deposited onto the substrates, left to dry overnight, recovered, extracted, quantified and a subset profiled. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 27, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Isabella Burmuzoska, Katherine Hogg, Jennifer Raymond, Catherine Hitchcock, Georgina E. Meakin Source Type: research

Comparison of three DNA extraction methods for three different types of fired and unfired ammunition
When handling ammunition for gun loading, epithelial cells from the hands can become adhered to the metal surface, and this trace is a potential source of DNA. This work aimed to compare the efficiency of three DNA extraction methods from fired cartridge cases from three different types of firearms: a 12-gauge shotgun, a point 40S&W pistol, and a 7.62mm rifle. Nine volunteers were involved in this study handling 42 pieces of ammunition overall. The unfired ammunition was handled by a known good donor, and we used this data for comparison. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 27, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Beatriz Cristina Mendes da Rocha Marques, Ludmila Alem, Larissa Silva de Melo, Tatiana Lucia Santos Nogueira, Dayse Aparecida da Silva Source Type: research

Introducing eNoC - a simple, excel-based tool for improved assignment of the number of contributors (NoC) to a mixture
Assigning NoC in a mixed STR profile is an important preliminary step in computing a likelihood ratio (LR). A common metric is maximum allele count (MAC) whereby the locus exhibiting the largest number of alleles is used to set the NOC. This metric can be supplemented by considering total allele count (TAC) and locus allele count (LAC). TAC is the total number of alleles across all loci and is compared with probability distributions generated in silico. LAC works similarly, save that the probability distributions are generated at the locus level. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 27, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Jim Thomson, David Moore, Tim Clayton Source Type: research

DNA on the inside door handles of entrance doors
DNA from door handles on entry doors could provide a clue as to who last left the scene. However, after years of extensive research on DNA transfer and persistence it can be considered common knowledge that general claims like "the last who touched leaves the most DNA" do not hold true. But who's DNA do we find on door handles that are usually used several times per day by the inhabitants? To assess this question, we sampled inside door handles from real-life burglaries and at the same time collected reference samples from all the inhabitants, to determine if we can detect any (major) profiles from non-inhabitants. (Source...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 27, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Colin Charles Ti èche, Markus Dubach, Martin Zieger Source Type: research

The impact of deposition area and time on Touch DNA collected from fabric
Touched items at crime scenes are frequently analysed to help link suspects to crimes, for example, Touch DNA is collected from victims ’ clothes in cases such as sexual assault, homicide, theft etc. Tape lifting is the preferred collection method of choice for trace DNA from clothes, fabric items and porous surfaces such as paper, therefore this study investigated the impact of deposition area and time on Touch DNA collected from fabric using minitapes. The amount of Touch DNA collected from the fabric was significantly affected by deposition area (p (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 27, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Salem K Alketbi, W Goodwin Source Type: research

Make it "SNPPY" - Updates to SRM 2391d: PCR-Based DNA Profiling Standard
Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2391d: PCR-Based DNA Profiling Standard was released to the forensic community in 2019. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was used as the primary method of certification, where certified values were assigned when a high coverage sequence string was available for a marker. Using NGS to assign values has allowed for additional marker sets beyond short tandem repeat (STR) loci, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) whole genome sequences, to be included in the Certificate of Analysis (COA). (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Carolyn R. Steffen, Erica L. Romsos, Kevin M. Kiesler, Lisa A. Borsuk, Katherine B. Gettings, Peter M. Vallone Source Type: research

Make it “snppy” - updates to srm 2391d: pcr-based dna profiling standard
Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2391d: PCR-Based DNA Profiling Standard was released to the forensic community in 2019. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was used as the primary method of certification, where certified values were assigned when a high coverage sequence string was available for a marker. Using NGS to assign values has allowed for additional marker sets beyond short tandem repeat (STR) loci, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) whole genome sequences, to be included in the Certificate of Analysis (COA). (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 25, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Carolyn R. Steffen, Erica L. Romsos, Kevin M. Kiesler, Lisa A. Borsuk, Katherine B. Gettings, Peter M. Vallone Source Type: research

Addition of an adipose marker to the organ tissue identification mRNA assay
At the Netherlands Forensic Institute, mRNA profiling for the purpose of organ tissue identification is frequently requested in casework. The previous version of the assay (denoted Organtyper) lacked markers for identifying adipose tissue, while this was occasionally questioned in casework. Here, three potential adipose markers are examined before incorporating one into the final Organtyper assay. The added value of the adipose marker becomes clear from looking at casework results. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 24, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Margreet van den Berge, Titia Sijen Source Type: research

Family reunification through dna analysis of survivors of the greatest natural disaster in colombia in armero-tolima (1985)
On November 13, 1985 at 9:20 p.m., the Nevado del Ruiz Volcano erupted (A Glacier Snowy Volcano 17457 fts above sea level). The lahar, melting ice and landslide devastated the town of Armero located 45 kilometers away in a matter of minutes, in the Tolima department of Colombia,. More than 25,000 people died or were reported missing. This tragedy is the largest natural disaster to date in Colombia. The Armando Armero Foundation is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that brings together survivors of this tragedy. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 24, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Giselle A. Cuervo, Ángela G. Vargas, Angie Luna, Luis Mogollón, Adriana Alayon, Francisco Gonzalez, Juan J. Yunis Source Type: research

Statistical Analysis Tools of Mixture DNA Samples: When the Same Software Provides Different Results
The high complexity of the genetic analysis of crime scene samples is mainly related to the unknown number of contributors, low DNA quantity and quality, and associated stochastic effects. The difficulty and subjectivity of interpreting casework samples was the motto for the development of software to mitigate these conditions and allow the quantification of the genetic evidence. Currently, there are several tools for statistical analysis of mixture samples based on either qualitative or quantitative models. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 24, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Camila Costa, Carolina Figueiredo, Ant ónio Amorim, Lourdes Prieto, Sandra Costa, Paulo Miguel Ferreira, Nádia Pinto Source Type: research

Whole-Genome Sequencing of Degraded DNA for Investigative Genetic Genealogy
Whole genome sequencing has opened the doors to Investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) analysis of challenging forensic samples that are not suitable for microarray genotyping. These samples still do not typically achieve high enough coverage for direct genotype calling, therefore a pipeline for imputation from low coverage sequencing data was evaluated using data from the 1000 Genomes Project. This pipeline generated results suitable for IGG down to 0.25X coverage. Additionally, forensic samples from a variety of tissue types and input amounts were sequenced and successfully uploaded to genetic genealogy databases after im...
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 24, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Janet Cady, Ellen M. Greytak Source Type: research

Identification of str/y-str alleles with tolerance for variants and stutter detection using genemarker ®hts software
GeneMarker ®HTS is a rapid, user-friendly software for forensic mtDNA and STR analysis with high throughput sequencing (HTS)/ next generation sequencing (NGS)/ massively parallel sequencing (MPS) data. Compared to the traditional capillary electrophoresis (CE) allele separation, HTS data provides a precise de scription of the repeat allele structure for each STR locus including the variants in the flanking areas for iso-allele genotype reporting and for future use in probabilistic genotyping analyses. (Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series)
Source: Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series - September 24, 2022 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Lidong Luo, Yiqiong Wu, James Todd, James Ruth, Eric Podlaszewski, Sarah Copeland, Teresa Snyder-Leiby, Changsheng Liu Source Type: research