The acute spinal cord injury microenvironment and its impact on the homing of mesenchymal stem cells
Exp Neurol. 2024 Mar;373:114682. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114682. Epub 2024 Jan 9.ABSTRACTSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly debilitating condition that inflicts devastating harm on the lives of affected individuals, underscoring the urgent need for effective treatments. By activating inflammatory cells and releasing inflammatory factors, the secondary injury response creates an inflammatory microenvironment that ultimately determines whether neurons will undergo necrosis or regeneration. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered increasing attention for their therapeutic potential in SCI. MSCs no...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 10, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jinyi Liu Longju Qi Shengzhe Bao Fangsu Yan Jiaxi Chen Shumin Yu Chuanming Dong Source Type: research
DPP-4 inhibition by linagliptin ameliorates age-related mild cognitive impairment by regulating microglia polarization in mice
Exp Neurol. 2024 Mar;373:114689. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114689. Epub 2024 Jan 8.ABSTRACTExtensive preclinical evidence demonstrates a causative link between insulin signaling dysfunction and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and diabetic drugs may represent a promising approach to fighting AD. However, it remains to be determined which antidiabetic drugs are more effective in preventing cognitive impairment. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor linagliptin on cognitive impairment in middle-aged mice by comparing it with the effect of metformin. We fo...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 10, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Fen Zhuge Liujie Zheng Yuxiang Pan Liyang Ni Zhengwei Fu Junping Shi Yinhua Ni Source Type: research
Quantifying injury expansion in the cervical spinal cord with intravital ultrafast contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging
This study demonstrates the utility of longitudinal ultrasound imaging as a quantitative tool for tracking injury progression in vivo.PMID:38199511 | DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114681 (Source: Experimental Neurology)
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 10, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jennifer N Harmon Jeffrey E Hyde Dylan E Jensen Emma C D'cessare Anton A Odarenko Matthew F Bruce Zin Z Khaing Source Type: research
GPNMB promotes peripheral nerve regeneration by activating the Erk1/2 and Akt pathways via binding Na < sup > + < /sup > /K < sup > + < /sup > -ATPase α1 in Schwann cells
In this study, recombinant human GPNMB (rhGPNMB) was injected into a sciatic nerve injury model. It was found that rhGPNMB facilitated the regeneration and functional recovery of the injured sciatic nerve in vivo. Moreover, it was also confirmed that GPNMB activated the Erk1/2 and Akt pathways via binding with Na+/K + -ATPase α1 (NKA α1) and promoted the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells (SCs) and their expression and secretion of neurotrophic factors and neural adhesion molecules in vitro. Our findings demonstrate that GPNMB facilitates PNR through activation of the Erk1/2 and Akt pathways in SCs by binding w...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 10, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Chao Huang Yani Zheng Ruijuan Ji Liang Qiao Xi Zhang Haiyan Lin Fang Liu Jiajun Xu Yuquan Li Zhiying Zhang Xiangqun Yang Source Type: research
TIE2 expression in hypertensive ICH and its therapeutic modulation with AKB-9778: Implications for brain vascular health
Exp Neurol. 2024 Jan 7;374:114685. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114685. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition, the molecular underpinnings of which remain not fully understood. By leveraging high-throughput transcriptome sequencing and network pharmacology analysis, this study unveils the significant role of the tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 2 (TIE2) in ICH pathogenesis. Compared to controls, a conspicuous downregulation of TIE2 was observed in the cerebral blood vessels of hypertensive ICH mice. In vitro assays with human brain...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 9, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Jingkun Wu Hongbin Wang Naizhu Wang Zai Wang Qinghua Zhu Source Type: research
Distant neuroinflammation acutely induced by focal brain injury and its control by endocannabinoid system
CONCLUSION: The findings show that focal brain injury rapidly triggers widespread parenchymal and extraparenchymal neuroinflammation. The early injury-induced response is likely to represent neurogenic neuroinflammation produced by network hyperexcitability (acute symptomatic seizures). Activation of eCB signaling during acute phase of the brain injury is important for initiation of adaptive anti-inflammatory processes and prevention of chronic pathologic neuroinflammation in distant uninjured structures. However, the beneficial role of injury-induced eCB activity appears to depend on many factors including time, brain reg...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 8, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Anna A Karan Yulia S Spivak Elena M Suleymanova Konstantin A Gerasimov Alex P Bolshakov Lyudmila V Vinogradova Source Type: research
miR-96-5p alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by inhibiting pyroptosis via downregulating caspase 1
In this study, we investigated the efficacy and the mechanism of miR-96-5p in protecting acute ischemic brain injury in adult mice. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult male C57BL/6 mice. MiR-96-5p or the negative control was administered via intracerebroventricular injection. The expression of pyroptosis-related genes and activation of various resident cells in the brain was assessed by RT-qPCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Modified neurological severity score, rotarod test, cylinder test, brain water content, and cerebral infarction volume ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 8, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Fa Jin Lei Jin Boyang Wei Xifeng Li Ran Li Wenchao Liu Shenquan Guo Haiyan Fan Chuanzhi Duan Source Type: research
Distant neuroinflammation acutely induced by focal brain injury and its control by endocannabinoid system
CONCLUSION: The findings show that focal brain injury rapidly triggers widespread parenchymal and extraparenchymal neuroinflammation. The early injury-induced response is likely to represent neurogenic neuroinflammation produced by network hyperexcitability (acute symptomatic seizures). Activation of eCB signaling during acute phase of the brain injury is important for initiation of adaptive anti-inflammatory processes and prevention of chronic pathologic neuroinflammation in distant uninjured structures. However, the beneficial role of injury-induced eCB activity appears to depend on many factors including time, brain reg...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 8, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Anna A Karan Yulia S Spivak Elena M Suleymanova Konstantin A Gerasimov Alex P Bolshakov Lyudmila V Vinogradova Source Type: research
miR-96-5p alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by inhibiting pyroptosis via downregulating caspase 1
In this study, we investigated the efficacy and the mechanism of miR-96-5p in protecting acute ischemic brain injury in adult mice. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult male C57BL/6 mice. MiR-96-5p or the negative control was administered via intracerebroventricular injection. The expression of pyroptosis-related genes and activation of various resident cells in the brain was assessed by RT-qPCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Modified neurological severity score, rotarod test, cylinder test, brain water content, and cerebral infarction volume ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 8, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Fa Jin Lei Jin Boyang Wei Xifeng Li Ran Li Wenchao Liu Shenquan Guo Haiyan Fan Chuanzhi Duan Source Type: research
Muscone alleviates neuronal injury via increasing stress granules formation and reducing apoptosis in acute ischemic stroke
This study indicated that the significant protective effect of muscone in reducing apoptosis levels might be via promoting SG formation under AIS conditions. This study further explores the therapeutic effect and anti-apoptosis mechanism of muscone in AIS, which may provide a potential candidate drug for the clinical treatment of AIS injury.PMID:38185313 | DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114678 (Source: Experimental Neurology)
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 7, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Bin Sun Jing Luo Zhen Li Dongfeng Chen Qizhang Wang Wenwen Si Source Type: research
Perivascular macrophages in cerebrovascular diseases
Exp Neurol. 2024 Jan 5:114680. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114680. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCerebrovascular diseases are a major cause of stroke and dementia, both requiring long-term care. These diseases involve multiple pathophysiologies, with mitochondrial dysfunction being a crucial contributor to the initiation of inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, resulting in injuries to neurovascular units that include neuronal cell death, endothelial cell death, glial activation, and blood-brain barrier disruption. To maintain brain homeostasis against these pathogenic conditions, brain immune cells, including b...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 7, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Hiroki Uchikawa Ken Uekawa Yu Hasegawa Source Type: research
Genetic diversity drives extreme responses to traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic epilepsy
Exp Neurol. 2024 Jan 5:114677. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114677. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex and heterogeneous condition that can cause wide-spectral neurological sequelae such as behavioral deficits, sleep abnormalities, and post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). However, understanding the interaction of TBI phenome is challenging because few animal models can recapitulate the heterogeneity of TBI outcomes. We leveraged the genetically diverse recombinant inbred Collaborative Cross (CC) mice panel and systematically characterized TBI-related outcomes in males from 12 strains of CC a...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 7, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Tyler Shannon Christopher Cotter Julie Fitzgerald Samuel Houle Noah Levine Yuyan Shen Noora Rajjoub Shannon Dobres Sidharth Iyer James Xenakis Rachel Lynch Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena Olga Kokiko-Cochran Bin Gu Source Type: research
Muscone alleviates neuronal injury via increasing stress granules formation and reducing apoptosis in acute ischemic stroke
This study indicated that the significant protective effect of muscone in reducing apoptosis levels might be via promoting SG formation under AIS conditions. This study further explores the therapeutic effect and anti-apoptosis mechanism of muscone in AIS, which may provide a potential candidate drug for the clinical treatment of AIS injury.PMID:38185313 | DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114678 (Source: Experimental Neurology)
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 7, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Bin Sun Jing Luo Zhen Li Dongfeng Chen Qizhang Wang Wenwen Si Source Type: research
Perivascular macrophages in cerebrovascular diseases
Exp Neurol. 2024 Jan 5:114680. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114680. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCerebrovascular diseases are a major cause of stroke and dementia, both requiring long-term care. These diseases involve multiple pathophysiologies, with mitochondrial dysfunction being a crucial contributor to the initiation of inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, resulting in injuries to neurovascular units that include neuronal cell death, endothelial cell death, glial activation, and blood-brain barrier disruption. To maintain brain homeostasis against these pathogenic conditions, brain immune cells, including b...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 7, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Hiroki Uchikawa Ken Uekawa Yu Hasegawa Source Type: research
Genetic diversity drives extreme responses to traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic epilepsy
Exp Neurol. 2024 Jan 5:114677. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114677. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex and heterogeneous condition that can cause wide-spectral neurological sequelae such as behavioral deficits, sleep abnormalities, and post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). However, understanding the interaction of TBI phenome is challenging because few animal models can recapitulate the heterogeneity of TBI outcomes. We leveraged the genetically diverse recombinant inbred Collaborative Cross (CC) mice panel and systematically characterized TBI-related outcomes in males from 12 strains of CC a...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 7, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Tyler Shannon Christopher Cotter Julie Fitzgerald Samuel Houle Noah Levine Yuyan Shen Noora Rajjoub Shannon Dobres Sidharth Iyer James Xenakis Rachel Lynch Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena Olga Kokiko-Cochran Bin Gu Source Type: research
