Clinical-Pathological Evaluation and Prognostic Analysis of 228 Merkel Cell Carcinomas Focusing on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, MCPYV Infection and ALK Expression
AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma is a rare and aggressive primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, whose pathogenesis can be traced back to UV radiation damage or Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection. Despite some improvements on the characterization of the disease partly due to its increased incidence, crucial pathogenetic and prognostic factors still need to be refined. A consecutive series of 228 MCC from three hospitals in Turin was collected with the aim of both analyzing the apparent increase in MCC incidence in our area and investigating the distribution and prognostic role of clinical-pathological parameter...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - May 12, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Transcription Factor Expression in Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Olfactory Neuroblastoma (ONB): Hyams ’ Grades 1–3 ONBs Expand the Spectrum of SATB2 and GATA3-Positive Neoplasms
AbstractSinonasal neuroendocrine neoplasms (SN-NENs) are rare and mostly include neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), whereas neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is exceptional in this site. Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a malignant neuroectodermal neoplasm arising in the nasal cavity. Albeit crucial for correct patients ’ management, the distinction of high grade ONB from NEC is challenging and requires additional diagnostic markers. The transcription factor SATB2 has been recently introduced in routine diagnostics as an immunohistochemical marker of distal intestine differentiation. No specific data are availabl e about SATB2 and...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - May 6, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Correction to: Tumor-to-Tumor Metastasis: Lung Typical Carcinoid Metastatic to Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
(Source: Endocrine Pathology)
Source: Endocrine Pathology - May 6, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Prognostic Utility of the Ki-67 Labeling Index in Follicular Thyroid Tumors: a 20-Year Experience from a Tertiary Thyroid Center
AbstractFollicular thyroid tumors pose a diagnostic challenge on the preoperative level, as the discrimination between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and adenoma (FTA) demands careful histopathological investigation. Moreover, prognostication of FTCs is mostly based on tumor size and extent of invasive properties, while immunohistochemical markers pinpointing high-risk cases are lacking. We have routinely established a Ki-67 labeling index for follicular thyroid tumors since 1999. To assess the potential value of Ki-67 as an adjunct tool to (1) correctly separate FTCs from FTAs and (2) help identify poor-prognosis FTCs...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 19, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Diagnostic Pitfall: a Low-Grade EC-Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor Arising in a Rectal Duplication Cyst
(Source: Endocrine Pathology)
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 17, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
AbstractIn this review, we detail the changes and the relevant features that are applied to neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) in the 2022 WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors. Using a question-and-answer approach, we discuss the consolidation of the nomenclature that distinguishes neuronal paragangliomas from epithelial neoplasms, which are divided into well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). The criteria for these distinctions based on differentiation are outlined. NETs are generally (but not always) graded as G1, G2, and G3 based on p...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 16, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Pituitary Tumors
AbstractThis review summarizes the changes in the 5th Edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors that relate to the pituitary gland. The new classification clearly distinguishes anterior lobe (adenohypophyseal) from posterior lobe (neurohypophyseal) and hypothalamic tumors. Other tumors arising in the sellar region are also discussed. Anterior lobe tumors include (i) well-differentiated adenohypophyseal tumors that are now classified as pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs; formerly known as pituitary adenomas), (ii) pituitary blastoma, and (iii) the two types of craniopharyngioma. The new...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 15, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms
AbstractThis review summarizes the changes in the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors that relate to the thyroid gland. The new classification has divided thyroid tumors into several new categories that allow for a clearer understanding of the cell of origin, pathologic features (cytopathology and histopathology), molecular classification, and biological behavior. Follicular cell –derived tumors constitute the majority of thyroid neoplasms. In this new classification, they are divided into benign, low-risk, and malignant neoplasms. Benign tumors include not only follicular adenoma...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 14, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Adrenal Cortical Tumors
AbstractThe new WHO classification of adrenal cortical proliferations reflects translational advances in the fields of endocrine pathology, oncology and molecular biology. By adopting a question –answer framework, this review highlights advances in knowledge of histological features, ancillary studies, and associated genetic findings that increase the understanding of the adrenal cortex pathologies that are now reflected in the 2022 WHO classification. The pathological correlates of adren al cortical proliferations include diffuse adrenal cortical hyperplasia, adrenal cortical nodular disease, adrenal cortical adenomas a...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 14, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Familial Endocrine Tumor Syndromes
We describe the newly defined Familial Cancer Syndromes as MAFA-related, MEN4, and MEN5 as well as the newly reported pathological findings in DICER1 syndrome. We also describe the updates done at the new WHO on the syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid diseases. We emphasize the problem of diagnostic criteria, mention the new genes that are possibly involved in this group, and at the same time, touching upon the role of some immunohistochemical studies that could support the diagnosis of some of these conditions. As pathologists play an important role in identifying tumors within a familial cancer syndrome, we high...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 13, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Paragangliomas and Pheochromocytomas
AbstractThis review summarizes the classification of tumors of the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia as outlined in the 5th series of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors. The non-epithelial neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) known as paragangliomas produce predominantly catecholamines and secrete them into the bloodstream like hormones, and they represent a group of NENs that have exceptionally high genetic predisposition. This classification discusses the embryologic derivation of the cells that give rise to these lesions and the historical evolution of the terminology used to classify t...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 13, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Special Issue On the 2022 WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors: a New Primer for Endocrine Pathology Practice
(Source: Endocrine Pathology)
Source: Endocrine Pathology - March 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
The Next Steps for Endocrine Pathology
(Source: Endocrine Pathology)
Source: Endocrine Pathology - February 28, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Parathyroid Tumors
AbstractThe 2022 WHO classification reflects increases in the knowledge of the underlying pathogenesis of parathyroid disease. In addition to the classic characteristic features of parathyroid neoplasms, subtleties in histologic features which may indicate an underlying genetic abnormality reflect increased understanding of the clinical manifestations, histologic, and genetic correlation in parathyroid disease. The importance of underlying genetic aberrancies is emphasized due to their significance to the care of the patient. Traditionally, the term “parathyroid hyperplasia” has been applied to multiglandular parathyro...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - February 17, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Overview of 2022 WHO Classification of Parathyroid Tumors
AbstractThe 2022 WHO classification reflects increases in the knowledge of the underlying pathogenesis of parathyroid disease. In addition to the classic characteristic features of parathyroid neoplasms, subtleties in histologic features which may indicate an underlying genetic abnormality reflect increased understanding of the clinical manifestations, histologic, and genetic correlation in parathyroid disease. The importance of underlying genetic aberrancies is emphasized due to their significance to the care of the patient. Traditionally, the term “parathyroid hyperplasia” has been applied to multiglandular parathyro...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - February 17, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
