Transcription Factor Expression in Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Olfactory Neuroblastoma (ONB): Hyams ’ Grades 1–3 ONBs Expand the Spectrum of SATB2 and GATA3-Positive Neoplasms

AbstractSinonasal neuroendocrine neoplasms (SN-NENs) are rare and mostly include neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), whereas neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is exceptional in this site. Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a malignant neuroectodermal neoplasm arising in the nasal cavity. Albeit crucial for correct patients ’ management, the distinction of high grade ONB from NEC is challenging and requires additional diagnostic markers. The transcription factor SATB2 has been recently introduced in routine diagnostics as an immunohistochemical marker of distal intestine differentiation. No specific data are availabl e about SATB2 and GATA3 expression in SN-NENs. GATA3, SATB2, and, for comparison, CDX2 expression were investigated in a series of epithelial and non-epithelial SN-NENs. We collected 26 cases of ONB and 7 cases of epithelial SN-NENs diagnosed and treated in our Institution. ONBs were graded accordin g to Hyams’ system and epithelial NENs were reclassified into 5 NECs, 1 MiNEN, and 1 amphicrine carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry was performed using standard automated protocols. Hyams’ grades 1–3 ONBs stained diffusely and intensely for SATB2, whereas grade 4 ONBs and NECs were globally negati ve. The non-neuroendocrine component of MiNEN and the amphicrine carcinoma were strongly positive. GATA3 was heterogeneously and unpredictably expressed in Hyams’ grades 1–3 ONBs, whereas grade 4 ONBs and NECs were completely negative. CDX2 was negative in all cases. Our study ide...
Source: Endocrine Pathology - Category: Pathology Source Type: research