Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Neurological Complications Following COVID-19 Vaccination
AbstractPurpose of ReviewA variety of neurological complications have been reported following the widespread use of the COVID-19 vaccines which may lead to vaccine hesitancy and serve as a major barrier to the public health aim of achieving protective herd immunity by vaccination. In this article, we review the available evidence regarding these neurological adverse events reported, to provide clarity regarding the same so that unfounded fears maybe put to rest.Recent FindingsThere is a greater than expected occurrence of severe neurological adverse events such as cortical sinus venous thrombosis, Bell ’s palsy, transver...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 29, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Rapid Response EEG: Current State and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo critically appraise the literature on the application, methods, and advances in emergency electroencephalography (EEG).Recent FindingsThe development of rapid EEG (rEEG) technologies and other reduced montage approaches, along with advances in machine learning over the past decade, has increased the rate and access to EEG acquisition. These achievements have made EEG in the emergency setting a practical diagnostic technique for detecting seizures, suspected nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), altered mental status, stroke, and in the setting of sedation.SummaryGrowing evidence supports usin...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 25, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Developments in the Treatment of Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
AbstractPurposeof ReviewTo outline the current landscape of treatments for Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) along the therapeutic delivery pipeline, exploring the mechanisms of action and evidence for these therapeutic approaches.Recent FindingsTreatments for LHON can be broadly classified as either mutation-specific or mutation-independent. Mutation-specific therapies aim to correct the underlying mutation through the use of a gene-editing platform or replace the faulty mitochondrial DNA-encoded protein by delivering the wild-type gene using a suitable vector. Recent gene therapy clinical trials assessing the effi...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 21, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Molecular Imaging of the GABAergic System in Parkinson ’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonisms
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDuring recent years, there has been a growing interest in GABAergic alterations in parkinsonian disorders. This paper aims to review the latest literature published, focusing on in vivo neuroimaging, and to suggest potential future avenues of research in the field.Recent FindingsA growing number of neuroimaging studies have focused on the association with different symptoms of Parkinson ’s disease, thereby suggesting a GABAergic role in motor symptoms, gait disturbances, frontal cognition, somatic symptom disorder, and hallucinations. However, there are a number of conflicting results, and furthe...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 18, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Thalamic Aphasia: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThalamic aphasia is a rare language disorder resulting from lesions to the thalamus. While most patients exhibit mild symptoms with a predominance of lexical-semantic difficulties, variations in phenotype have been described. Overall, the exact mechanisms of thalamic aphasia await empirical research. The article reviews recent findings regarding phenotypes and possible underlying mechanisms of thalamic aphasia.Recent FindingsVariations in phenotype of thalamic aphasia may be related to different lesion locations. Overall, the thalamus ’ role in language is thought to be due to its involvement in ...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 16, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Updates on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Autonomic Neuropathies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAutonomic neuropathies are a complex group of disorders and result in diverse clinical manifestations that affect the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital, and sudomotor systems. We focus this review on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral autonomic neuropathies. We summarize the diagnostic tools and current treatment options that will help the clinician care for individuals with peripheral autonomic neuropathies.Recent FindingsAutonomic neuropathies occur often in conjunction with somatic neuropathies but they can also occur in isolation. The autonomic reflex screen is a validated too...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 15, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Migraine and Gastroparesis
This article aims to review recent literature on overlap in the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of mi graine and gastroparesis and highlight management considerations when these disorders coexist.Recent FindingsThere has been increasing recognition of the importance of the connection between the GI tract and the brain, and mounting evidence for the overlap in the pathophysiology of migraine and gastroparesis specifically. There exists a complex interplay between the central, autonomic, and enteric nervous systems. Studies show that gastroparesis may be present during and between acute migraine attacks necessita...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 12, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Power of Birth Cohorts to Study Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment
This article reviews recent findings from these cohorts for the outcomes of cognitive function, cognitive impairment, and risk of dementia, in relation to prior cognitive function, and social and biological predictors.Recent FindingsCognitive function and impairment are predicted by a wide range of factors, including childhood cognition, education, occupational status and complexity, and biological factors, including genetic and epigenetic. The particular importance of high and rising blood pressure in midlife is highlighted, with some insight into brain mechanisms involved. Some limitations are noted, including sources of...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - November 9, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Bruton ’s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition in Multiple Sclerosis
This article reviews Bruton ’s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (BTKIs), a new class of experimental therapy that is being intensely evaluated in MS. We focus on the potential peripheral and central mechanisms of action of BTKIs and their use in recent clinical trials in MS.Recent FindingsThere is evidence that some BTKIs cross the blood –brain barrier and may be superior to currently available DMTs at dampening the chronic neuroinflammatory processes compartmentalized within the CNS that contribute to progressive worsening in people withMS (pwMS). Recently, evobrutinib and tolebrutinib have shown efficacy in phase II clini...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 27, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Vascular Considerations for Amyloid Immunotherapy
This article reviews the history of anti-Aβ immunotherapies and clinical findings and provides recommendations moving forward.Recent FindingsIn 20 years of both animal and human studies, anti-Aβ immunotherapies have been a prevalent avenue of reducing hallmark Aβ plaques. In both models and with different anti-Aβ antibody designs, amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) indicating severe cerebrovascular compromise have been common an d concerning occurrence.SummaryARIA caused by anti-A β immunotherapy has been noted since the early 2000s, and the mechanisms driving it are still unknown. Recent approval of aduca...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 21, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
An Update on Diagnostic Laboratory Biomarkers for Multiple Sclerosis
AbstractPurposeFor many patients, the multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnostic process can be lengthy, costly, and fraught with error. Recent research aims to address the unmet need for an accurate and simple diagnostic process through discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers. This review summarizes recent studies on MS diagnostic fluid biomarkers, with a focus on blood biomarkers, and includes discussion of technical limitations and practical applicability.Recent FindingsThis line of research is in its early days. Accurate and easily obtainable biomarkers for MS have not yet been identified and validated, but several approaches...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 21, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Perspectives and a Systematic Scoping Review on Longitudinal Profiles of Posterior Cortical Atrophy Syndrome
Abstract Purpose of ReviewTo provide perspectives on the importance of understanding longitudinal profiles of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) and report results of a scoping review to identify data and knowledge gaps related to PCA survival and longitudinal clinical and biomarker outcomes.Recent FindingsThirteen longitudinal studies were identified; all but two had fewer than 30 participants with PCA. Relatively few longitudinal data exist, particularly for survival.SummaryIn PCA, posterior cortical dysfunction and atrophy progress at fasterrates compared to non-posterior regions, potentially up to a decade after sympto...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 15, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Navigating Antiplatelet Treatment Options for Stroke: Evidence-Based and Pragmatic Strategies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe benefit of using antiplatelet monotherapy in acute ischemic stroke and secondary stroke prevention is well established. In the last few years, several large randomized trials showed that the use of short-term dual antiplatelet therapy in particular stroke subtypes may reduce the risk of recurrent ischemic events. The aim of this article is to provide a critical analysis of the current evidence and recommendations for the use of antiplatelet agents for stroke prevention.Recent FindingsLong-term therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, or aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole is recommended for se...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 13, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Pre-diabetes, Diabetes, Hyperglycemia, and Stroke: Bittersweet Therapeutic Opportunities
AbstractPurposeof ReviewDiabetes mellitus (DM) causes systemic vascular complications. Chronic hyperglycemia is a hallmark of DM and appears to be at least partially responsible for the vascular complications. In addition, hyperglycemia during acute tissue injury has been postulated to augment the injury. This review addresses the potential therapeutic benefits related to ischemic stroke from lowering hyperglycemia in two settings, in chronic hyperglycemia and during acute ischemic stroke.Recent FindingsA recent efficacy trial to lower hyperglycemia during acute ischemic stroke showed no significant benefit overall as well...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 10, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Cognitive and Neuropsychiatric Impairment in Dystonia
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review recent literature evaluating psychiatric and cognitive symptoms in dystonia, the two non-motor symptom groups most frequently evaluated in dystonia research and recognised in clinical practice.Recent FindingsRecent work has embedded clinical recognition of psychiatric symptoms in dystonia, with depressive and anxiety-related symptoms routinely observed to be the most common. Less explored symptoms, such as self-harm, suicidal ideation, and substance abuse, represent newer areas of investigation, with initial work suggesting higher rates than the background population. Investigation of cog...
Source: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports - October 6, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
