Effect of prolonged periods of conditionally automated driving on the development of fatigue: with and without non-driving-related activities
AbstractDue to the ongoing development in automated vehicle technology, conditionally automated driving (CAD) will become a realistic scenario within the next years. However, an increasing automation in driving tasks and taking the driver out of the loop increases the risk of monotony and fatigue brought on by boredom. Whether the driver is still able to take over the vehicle guidance at system limits is questionable. Therefore, the aim of the current driving simulator study is to investigate how prolonged monotonous periods of conditionally automated driving affect passenger fatigue level and the take-over performance ...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 18, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
The “Out-of-the-Loop” concept in automated driving: proposed definition, measures and implications
AbstractDespite an abundant use of the term “Out of the loop” (OOTL) in the context of automated driving and human factors research, there is currently a lack of consensus on its precise definition, how it can be measured, and the practical implications of being in or out of the loop during automated driving. The main objective of this pa per is to consider the above issues, with the goal of achieving a shared understanding of the OOTL concept between academics and practitioners. To this end, the paper reviews existing definitions of OOTL and outlines a set of concepts, which, based on the human factors and driver beha...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 15, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Designing the interaction of automated vehicles with other traffic participants: design considerations based on human needs and expectations
AbstractAutomated vehicles (AV) are expected to be integrated into mixed traffic environments in the near future. As human road users have established elaborated interaction strategies to coordinate their actions among each other, one challenge that human factors experts and vehicle designers are facing today is how to design AVs in a way that they can safely and intuitively interact with other traffic participants. This paper presents design considerations that are intended to support AV designers in reducing the complexity of the design space. The design considerations are based on a literature review of common human –...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 15, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Situation awareness based on eye movements in relation to the task environment
AbstractThe topic of situation awareness has received continuing interest over the last decades. Freeze-probe methods, such as the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT), are commonly employed for measuring situation awareness. The aim of this paper was to review validity issues of the SAGAT and examine whether eye movements are a promising alternative for measuring situation awareness. First, we outlined six problems of freeze-probe methods, such as the fact that freeze-probe methods rely on what the operator has been able to remember and then explicitly recall. We propose an operationalization of situati...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 15, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
The “Out-of-the-Loop” concept in automated driving: proposed definition, measures and implications
AbstractDespite an abundant use of the term “Out of the loop” (OOTL) in the context of automated driving and human factors research, there is currently a lack of consensus on its precise definition, how it can be measured, and the practical implications of being in or out of the loop during automated driving. The main objective of this pa per is to consider the above issues, with the goal of achieving a shared understanding of the OOTL concept between academics and practitioners. To this end, the paper reviews existing definitions of OOTL and outlines a set of concepts, which, based on the human factors and driver beha...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 15, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Designing the interaction of automated vehicles with other traffic participants: design considerations based on human needs and expectations
AbstractAutomated vehicles (AV) are expected to be integrated into mixed traffic environments in the near future. As human road users have established elaborated interaction strategies to coordinate their actions among each other, one challenge that human factors experts and vehicle designers are facing today is how to design AVs in a way that they can safely and intuitively interact with other traffic participants. This paper presents design considerations that are intended to support AV designers in reducing the complexity of the design space. The design considerations are based on a literature review of common human –...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 15, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Situation awareness based on eye movements in relation to the task environment
AbstractThe topic of situation awareness has received continuing interest over the last decades. Freeze-probe methods, such as the Situation Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT), are commonly employed for measuring situation awareness. The aim of this paper was to review validity issues of the SAGAT and examine whether eye movements are a promising alternative for measuring situation awareness. First, we outlined six problems of freeze-probe methods, such as the fact that freeze-probe methods rely on what the operator has been able to remember and then explicitly recall. We propose an operationalization of situati...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 15, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
The effect of reliability on drivers ’ trust and behavior in conditional automation
AbstractThe development of automated vehicles continues unabated. The human factor challenges of designing safe automated driving systems are critical as the first several generations of automated vehicles are expected to be semi-autonomous, requiring frequent transfers of control between the driver and vehicle. Conditional automation raises particular concerns about drivers being out of the loop. A driving simulator study was performed with 20 participants to study driving with conditional automation. We observed driver performance and measured comfort as an indicator of the development of trust in the system. One scenari...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 12, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Influence of cognitive ability on task performance of dynamic decision making in military vehicles under different task complexity
This study provides insights into performance difference of military vehicle crew in dynamic decision making, which has remarkable significance in current crew selection, training and task assignment. (Source: Cognition, Technology and Work)
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 10, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
When cooperation is needed: the effect of spatial and time distance and criticality on willingness to cooperate
AbstractIn the future, car-to-car communication and car-to-infrastructure communication will be a central part of automated driving experience. Cooperative interactive driving is seen as a promising approach, in which cars interact cooperatively with drivers and the environment. However, to ensure drivers ’ acceptance and their trust in such systems, it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms of human cooperation in traffic context. Therefore, this study investigated potential influencing parameters for cooperative behaviour in a lane change situation on a highway. As central influenci ng parameters the situ...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - September 6, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Complexity of the pediatric trauma care process: implications for multi-level awareness
AbstractTrauma is the leading cause of disability and death in children and young adults in the US. While much is known about the medical aspects of inpatient pediatric trauma care, not much is known about the processes and roles involved in in-hospital care. Using human factors engineering methods, we combine interview, archival document, and trauma registry data to describe how intra-hospital care transitions affect process and team complexity. Specifically, we identify the 53 roles directly involved in patient care in each hospital unit and describe the 3324 total transitions between hospital units and the 69 unique pat...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - August 31, 2018 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
