Effects of training on truck drivers ’ interaction with cyclists in a right turn
AbstractWith encounters between trucks and cyclists still being a major safety issue and physical as well as technological improvements far from ubiquitous implementation, training truck drivers in anticipatory driving to improve their interaction with cyclists may be a way forward. After a baseline drive in an urban environment, truck drivers inexperienced with urban driving received a dedicated training on anticipatory driving, followed by another drive along the same route several weeks later. The drivers were also interviewed about their opinion about the training. The drivers ’ behaviour changed from before to after...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - March 16, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
The relationship between perceived crowding and cyberloafing in open offices at Iranian IT-based companies
AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore whether aspects of the physical work environment cause employee cyberloafing, which is defined as employee misuse of the company ’s Internet connection for personal purposes. Drawing on conservation of resources theory, the paper proposes that perceived crowding arises as a result of scarce physical space resources, which lead employees to engage in cyberloafing through feelings of stress and emotional conflict, as well as through their experiences of lack of trust and compassion at work. Data were collected from 299 respondents working in open offices at four Iranian IT-based ...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - March 6, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Take-over expectation and criticality in Level 3 automated driving: a test track study on take-over behavior in semi-trucks
AbstractWith the introduction of advanced driving assistance systems managing longitudinal and lateral control, conditional automated driving is seemingly in near future of series vehicles. While take-over behavior in the passenger car context has been investigated intensively in recent years, publications on semi-trucks with professional drivers are sparse. The effects influencing expert drivers during take-overs in this context lack thorough investigation and are required to design systems that facilitate safe take-overs. While multiple findings seem to cohere in passenger cars and semi-trucks, these findings rely on sim...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - March 3, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Individual accidents at the interface between platform, train and tracks (PT 2 I) in the subway: a literature review
AbstractThe subway context is a risky environment. Hundreds of individual incidents occur every year in this environment, entailing a safety issue for subway companies and safety organisations. This review deals with individual incidents at the platform –train–tracks interface (PT2I) with a particular focus on accidents and precursor analysis and on preventive measures. 42 articles ranging from 1984 to 2018 were selected and analysed to understand this issue. Our results suggest that the existing literature provides a relatively comprehensive picture of the individual factors involved in accidents, but that there is a ...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - February 15, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Technostress inhibitors and creators and their impacts on university teachers ’ work performance in higher education
This study investigated the relationships among specific technostress inhibitors (literacy facilitation, technical support provision, and involvement facilitation) and creators (techno-overload, techno-complexity, techno-insecurity, and techno-uncertainty) and their impacts on university teachers ’ work performance in higher education. Data from 312 university teachers were analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that involvement facilitation, in particular, and technical support provision might have significantly curbing effects on three technostress creators (techno-o...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - February 14, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
How accurately do the drivers perceive the hazardous degrees of different mountainous highway traffic risk factors?
The objective of this study was to analyze how accurately do the drivers perceive hazardous degrees of the above four mountainous highway traffic risk factors by making a comparison between subjective risk and objective risk. The results of subjective/perceived risk were based on a self-completion questionnaire survey in a sample of the drivers. 12,866 cases of mountainous highway crashes in Yunnan from 2015 to 2017 were used to establish the “objective/statistical risk” for various risk factors. The results show that as far as differences in hazardous degrees between different mountainous highway traffic risk factors ...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - January 27, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Automated dilemmas generation in simulations
AbstractOur ultimate purpose is to train individuals, in virtual environments, to handle critical situations. One of these critical situations is dilemmas. They refer to situations that lead to negative consequences whichever is the choice made by the protagonist. In critical contexts, it is crucial to know how to handle this kind of situations to prevent disastrous consequences from happening. Thus, people need to be exposed to various training situations in which they put in play and develop the appropriate skills. However, in complex domains, it is difficult —sometimes impossible—to write all the possible training s...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - January 13, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Human factors applications of on-train-data-recorder (OTDR) data: an exploratory study
AbstractThis paper describes the results of an exploratory study on the analysis of on-train-data-recorder (OTDR) data. The results are discussed in terms of their applicability in competence management and human factors research. Data were downloaded for 20 journeys at the same time of day, over the same route during 1 month. The data were matched to the drivers rostered to work that route to compare differences within and between drivers. Clear differences were found between drivers in terms of their use of the power and brake levers, but unsurprisingly the network was also found to exert an influence on their use. The s...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - January 7, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Employing resilience engineering in eliciting software requirements for complex systems: experiments with the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM)
This study indicates innovative strategies to gather resilient software requirements from FRAM models for complex systems. (Source: Cognition, Technology and Work)
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - January 1, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Design of a cooperative eco-driving rail control system: an experimental study
AbstractThe paper proposes an original framework to design cooperative eco-driving (economic driving) rail control system called CEDRICS. A generic method to design cooperative support system is applied to build CEDRICS by taking into account real human behaviors to recalculate on-line advices for train eco-driving. An experimental study on a tramway simulator was performed to compare different configurations of CEDRICS considering or not human behavior constraints with same interfaces. Results show relevant benefits in using CEDRICS face to complex environmental contexts involving interactions with cars and/or pedestrians...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - December 20, 2019 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
The importance of reaction time, cognition, and meta-cognition abilities for drivers with visual deficits
This study aimed to determine if reaction time and cognitive performance are important for safe driving in visual field loss (VFL) individuals. Visually demanding reaction time tasks of different complexity, for example, can help one understand why some VFL individuals drive as safely as normally sighted individuals. Twenty VFL individuals and 83 normally sighted individuals participated in a driving simulator experiment and an additional test battery. The driving task categorized VFL participants into two subgroups: passed or failed. Three reaction time tasks, four cognitive tests, and two meta-cognitive scales were compl...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - December 12, 2019 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Work functions shaping the ability to innovate: insights from the case of the safety engineer
AbstractTo perform as intended, firms are divided into work functions that contribute to the behaviour-shaping constraints under which individuals build their skills, knowledge and networks. These in turn provide a specialized perspective on organisational structure and culture. In a mixed methods study involving interviews and statistical analyses, we investigate whether a work function can thereby affect individuals ’ innovation foci and efficacy. Safety engineers, central to firms developing Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), are shown to play a significant role in identifying and supporting viable innovation related to or...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - November 29, 2019 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Riding personal mobility vehicles on the road: an analysis of the intentions of Chinese users
AbstractIn China, there are no road rights for personal mobility vehicles (PMVs), but sales of PMVs in China are rapidly increasing, and at present, a large group of PMV users has been formed. Research on the demand and intentions of PMV users holds great significance for road safety and policy formulation. This research adopts an online questionnaire based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model and introduces perceived risk, product satisfaction, and policy measures to construct a model of the impact mechanism of user intentions to ride PMVs on the road. First, a questionnaire survey was conducted...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - November 29, 2019 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Team cognition in a cyber defense context: focus on social support behaviors
AbstractIn the face of increasingly prominent cyber security issues, the organization of cyber team analysts has become crucial to thwart cyber threats. Few studies have examined the functioning of the team and the interaction between individuals in a cyber defense context and how the context influences team adaptation. The present study investigates team cognition in a cyber defense context and in particular the nature of task- or team-centered communication among analysts during a cyber defense simulation exercise. Results indicate that markers of situation assessment and shared mental models are both strategically prese...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - November 15, 2019 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
Task-induced fatigue when implementing high grades of railway automation
AbstractThe study was focused on the effects of different grades of railway automation on task-induced fatigue and workload in train drivers and, when considering high grades of automation, operational staff in a control centre, so-called train operators. Train operators remotely monitor and manually drive automated trains upon system request during disruptions. As the task environment substantially differs depending on the grade of automation, effects on task- induced fatigue and workload levels were expected. To quantify and compare these effects, a simulator study with professional train drivers (N = 32) was condu...
Source: Cognition, Technology and Work - November 12, 2019 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research
