A comprehensive review of SHP2 and its role in cancer
AbstractSrc homology 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase ubiquitously expressed mainly in the cytoplasm of several tissues. SHP2 modulates diverse cell signaling events that control metabolism, cell growth, differentiation, cell migration, transcription and oncogenic transformation. It interacts with diverse molecules in the cell, and regulates key signaling events including RAS/ERK, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT and PD-1 pathways downstream of several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) upon stimulation by growth factors and cytokines. SHP2 acts as both a phosphatase and a s...
Source: Cellular Oncology - September 6, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Molecular actions of exosomes and their theragnostics in colorectal cancer: current findings and limitations
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-released, membranous structures essential for intercellular communication. The biochemical compositions and physiological impacts of exosomes, lipid-bound, endosomal origin EVs, have been focused on, especially on the tumor-host interactions in a defined tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite recent progress in targeted therapy and cancer immunotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC), cancer patients still suffer from distal metastasis and tumor relapse, suggesting unmet needs for biomarkers directing therapeutic interventions and predicting treatment responsiveness. As exosomes ...
Source: Cellular Oncology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Correction to: CCL18 secreted from M2 macrophages promotes migration and invasion via the PI3K/Akt pathway in gallbladder cancer
(Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Heterogeneity, inherent and acquired drug resistance in patient-derived organoid models of primary liver cancer
ConclusionsHCC organoids perform better than PDX for drug screening. Acquired sorafenib resistance in organoids promotes HCC aggressiveness via facilitating stemness, retro-differentiation and EMT. Phosphorylated S6 kinase may be predictive for drug resistance in HCC. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 29, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
HDAC6: A unique HDAC family member as a cancer target
ConclusionsHere, we present a review on HDAC6 with emphasis on its role as a critical regulator of specific physiological cellular pathways which when deregulated contribute to tumorigenesis, thereby highlighting the importance of HDAC6 inhibitors as important anticancer agents alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs. We also discuss the synergistic anticancer effect of combination therapies of HDAC6 inhibitors with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 29, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Dual contribution of the mTOR pathway and of the metabolism of amino acids in prostate cancer
Conclusions and perspectivesIn this review, we briefly provide evidence supporting prostate cancer as a metabolic disease, and discuss what is known about mTOR signaling and prostate cancer. Next, we emphasized on the amino acids glutamine, leucine, serine, glycine, sarcosine, proline and arginine, commonly related to prostate cancer, to explore the alterations in their regulatory pathways and to link them with the associated metabolic reprogramming events seen in prostate cancer. Finally, we display potential therapeutic strategies for targeting mTOR and the referred amino acids, as experimental approaches to selectively ...
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 29, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Combination of RSK inhibitor LJH-685 and FLT3 inhibitor FF-10101 promoted apoptosis and proliferation inhibition of AML cell lines
ConclusionThus, these observations demonstrated combination of RSK inhibitor LJH-685 and FLT3 inhibitor FF-10101 showed synergism anti-leukemia effects in AML cell lines with FLT3-ITD mutations via inhibiting MAPK-RSKs-YB-1 pathway and provided new targets for therapeutic intervention especially for AML with FLT3-ITD mutations and Daunorubicin-resistant AML. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 29, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A m6A methyltransferase-mediated immune signature determines prognosis, immune landscape and immunotherapy efficacy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
ConclusionsOur results suggest that the m6A modification participates in regulating the tumor microenvironment. The m6A-mediated immune model may be useful to predict the immunotherapy responses and outcomes of patients with LUAD. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 15, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Nm23-H1 induces apoptosis in primary effusion lymphoma cells via inhibition of NF- κB signaling through interaction with oncogenic latent protein vFLIP K13 of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus
ConclusionDownregulation of Nm23-H1 expression in KSHV-infected PEL cells and its overexpression trigger apoptosis by impairing vFLIP K13-driven NF- κB signaling, suggesting therapeutic implications of Nm23-H1 for primary effusion lymphomas. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 14, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Telomerase-targeting compounds Imetelstat and 6-thio-dG act synergistically with chemotherapy in high-risk neuroblastoma models
ConclusionOur study indicates that telomerase is an actionable target in telomerase-positive neuroblastoma, and demonstrates that combination therapies including telomerase-interacting compounds may improve the efficacy of established cytotoxic drugs. Targeting telomerase may thus represent a therapeutic option in high-risk neuroblastoma patients. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 12, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Therapeutic exosomes loaded with SERPINA5 attenuated endometrial cancer cell migration via the integrin β1/FAK signaling pathway
ConclusionsOur findings revealed that a low level of SERPINA5 expression indicated poor survival outcomes in EC and that exogenous SERPINA5 loading of exosomes may be a novel therapeutic strategy for metastatic EC. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 11, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Immunotherapy and immunoengineering for breast cancer; a comprehensive insight into CAR-T cell therapy advancements, challenges and prospects
ConclusionCAR-T cell therapy embodies advanced immunotherapy for BC, but further pre-clinical and clinical assessments are recommended to achieve maximized efficiency and safety. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 9, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Activation of the HSP27-AKT axis contributes to gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells independent of EGFR mutations
ConclusionsOur results indicate that combination of EGFR-TKIs with HSP27 inhibitors may represent a good strategy to overcome resistance to EGFR-TKIs, especially in cancers exhibiting AKT pathway activation. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 5, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
YAP1 acts as a negative regulator of pro-tumor TAZ expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
ConclusionFrom our data we conclude that YAP1 functions as a suppressor and negatively regulates pro-tumor TAZ expression via transcriptional and translational control in esophageal cancer. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - August 5, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Selective targeting BMP2 and 4 in SMAD4 negative esophageal adenocarcinoma inhibits tumor growth and aggressiveness in preclinical models
ConclusionsOur data indicate that increased BMP2/4 expression triggers aggressive non-canonical BMP signaling in SMAD4 negative EAC. Inhibiting BMP2/4 decreases malignant behavior and improves survival. Therefore, VHHs directed against BMP2/4 hold promise for the treatment of SMAD4 negative EAC. (Source: Cellular Oncology)
Source: Cellular Oncology - July 28, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
