Abl and Canoe/Afadin mediate mechanotransduction at tricellular junctions
Epithelial structure is generated by the dynamic reorganization of cells in response to mechanical forces. Adherens junctions transmit forces between cells, but how cells sense and respond to these forces in vivo is not well understood. We identify a mechanotransduction pathway involving the Abl tyrosine kinase and Canoe/Afadin that stabilizes cell adhesion under tension at tricellular junctions in the Drosophila embryo. Canoe is recruited to tricellular junctions in response to actomyosin contractility, and this mechanosensitivity requires Abl-dependent phosphorylation of a conserved tyrosine in the Canoe actin-binding do...
Source: ScienceNOW - November 26, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Yu, H. H., Zallen, J. A. Tags: Cell Biology, Development, Online Only r-articles Source Type: news
Tension where multiple cells meet
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 26, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Purnell, B. A. Tags: Cell Biology, Development twis Source Type: news
Brain mapping, from molecules to networks
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 19, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Allen, W. E. Tags: Cell Biology essays Source Type: news
Cells and the path of least resistance
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 19, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Purnell, B. A. Tags: Cell Biology, Development twis Source Type: news
Maternal IgE activates fetal mast cells
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 19, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Kelly, P. N. Tags: Cell Biology, Immunology twis Source Type: news
Fetal mast cells mediate postnatal allergic responses dependent on maternal IgE
We report a role for MCs within the developing fetus and demonstrate that fetal MCs may contribute to antigen-specific vertical transmission of allergic disease. (Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 19, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Msallam, R., Balla, J., Rathore, A. P. S., Kared, H., Malleret, B., Saron, W. A. A., Liu, Z., Hang, J. W., Dutertre, C. A., Larbi, A., Chan, J. K. Y., St. John, A. L., Ginhoux, F. Tags: Cell Biology, Immunology r-articles Source Type: news
Tissue topography steers migrating Drosophila border cells
Moving cells can sense and respond to physical features of the microenvironment; however, in vivo, the significance of tissue topography is mostly unknown. Here, we used Drosophila border cells, an established model for in vivo cell migration, to study how chemical and physical information influences path selection. Although chemical cues were thought to be sufficient, live imaging, genetics, modeling, and simulations show that microtopography is also important. Chemoattractants promote predominantly posterior movement, whereas tissue architecture presents orthogonal information, a path of least resistance concentrated nea...
Source: ScienceNOW - November 19, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Dai, W., Guo, X., Cao, Y., Mondo, J. A., Campanale, J. P., Montell, B. J., Burrous, H., Streichan, S., Gov, N., Rappel, W.-J., Montell, D. J. Tags: Cell Biology, Development reports Source Type: news
Sponsored Collection | The Human Protein Atlas: A 20-year journey into the body
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 19, 2020 Category: Science Tags: Cell Biology, Medicine, Diseases From the AAAS Office of Publishing Source Type: news
Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Immune Features of Sepsis Using Bioinformatics Analysis
This study revealed imbalanced immune responses at the transcriptomic level during early sepsis and identified nine genes as potential biomarkers for sepsis. (Source: Current Awareness Service for Health (CASH))
Source: Current Awareness Service for Health (CASH) - November 13, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news
Astrocytes identified as master 'conductors' of the brain
(Duke University) A team of Duke scientists has found that glial astrocytes are involved in regulating inhibitory synapses by binding to neurons through an adhesion molecule called NrCAM. 'We really discovered that the astrocytes are the conductors that orchestrate the notes that make up the music of the brain,' said Scott Soderling, PhD, chair of the Department of Cell Biology in the School of Medicine and senior author on the paper. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - November 12, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Cellular adaptation during metabolic stress
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 12, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Hurtley, S. M. Tags: Cell Biology, Molecular Biology twis Source Type: news
Another host factor for SARS-CoV-2
(Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 12, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Hurtley, S. M. Tags: Cell Biology, Microbiology twis Source Type: news
A phosphorylation-regulated eIF3d translation switch mediates cellular adaptation to metabolic stress
Shutoff of global protein synthesis is a conserved response to cellular stresses. This general phenomenon is accompanied by the induction of distinct gene programs tailored to each stress. Although the mechanisms driving repression of general protein synthesis are well characterized, how cells reprogram the translation machinery for selective gene expression remains poorly understood. Here, we found that the noncanonical 5' cap-binding protein eIF3d was activated in response to metabolic stress in human cells. Activation required reduced CK2-mediated phosphorylation near the eIF3d cap-binding pocket. eIF3d controls a gene ...
Source: ScienceNOW - November 12, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Lamper, A. M., Fleming, R. H., Ladd, K. M., Lee, A. S. Y. Tags: Cell Biology, Molecular Biology reports Source Type: news
Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity
In this study, we found that neuropilin-1 (NRP1), known to bind furin-cleaved substrates, significantly potentiates SARS-CoV-2 infectivity, an effect blocked by a monoclonal blocking antibody against NRP1. A SARS-CoV-2 mutant with an altered furin cleavage site did not depend on NRP1 for infectivity. Pathological analysis of olfactory epithelium obtained from human COVID-19 autopsies revealed that SARS-CoV-2 infected NRP1-positive cells facing the nasal cavity. Our data provide insight into SARS-CoV-2 cell infectivity and define a potential target for antiviral intervention. (Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - November 12, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Cantuti-Castelvetri, L., Ojha, R., Pedro, L. D., Djannatian, M., Franz, J., Kuivanen, S., van der Meer, F., Kallio, K., Kaya, T., Anastasina, M., Smura, T., Levanov, L., Szirovicza, L., Tobi, A., Kallio-Kokko, H., Österlund, P., Joensuu, M., Meuni Tags: Cell Biology, Microbiology reports Source Type: news
Neuropilin-1 is a host factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), uses the viral spike (S) protein for host cell attachment and entry. The host protease furin cleaves the full-length precursor S glycoprotein into two associated polypeptides: S1 and S2. Cleavage of S generates a polybasic Arg-Arg-Ala-Arg carboxyl-terminal sequence on S1, which conforms to a C-end rule (CendR) motif that binds to cell surface neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and NRP2 receptors. We used x-ray crystallography and biochemical approaches to show that the S1 CendR motif directly bound NRP1. Blocking this...
Source: ScienceNOW - November 12, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Daly, J. L., Simonetti, B., Klein, K., Chen, K.-E., Williamson, M. K., Anton-Plagaro, C., Shoemark, D. K., Simon-Gracia, L., Bauer, M., Hollandi, R., Greber, U. F., Horvath, P., Sessions, R. B., Helenius, A., Hiscox, J. A., Teesalu, T., Matthews, D. A., D Tags: Cell Biology, Microbiology reports Source Type: news
