Sequence analysis and function of mosquito aeCCC2 and Drosophila Ncc83 orthologs
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2022 Feb 9:103729. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103729. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDipteran insects have genes that code for two different Na+-dependent cation-chloride cotransporter (CCC) paralogs. Aedes aegypti aeNKCC1 is an ortholog of Drosophila melanogaster Ncc69, a bumetanide-sensitive Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC). Aedes aegypti aeCCC2 and aeCCC3 are orthologs of Drosophila Ncc83. Prior work suggests that the transport properties of aeCCC2 differ from canonical NKCCs. In particular, Xenopus oocytes expressing aeCCC2 have increased Na + -dependent membrane currents compared to controls, whe...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - February 12, 2022 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Phu C Duong Tobias C McCabe Grace F Riley Heather L Holmes Peter M Piermarini Michael F Romero Christopher M Gillen Source Type: research
Bumetanide for Irritability in Children With Sensory Processing Problems Across Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
ConclusionDespite the results being underpowered, this study raises important recommendations for future cross-diagnostic trial designs. (Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry)
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - February 8, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Molecular mechanisms underlying guanylin-induced transcellular Cl < sup > - < /sup > secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2022 Jan 31;318:113986. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.113986. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGuanylin (GN) stimulates Cl- secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels, but the molecular mechanisms of transepithelial Cl- transport are still unknown. In Ussing chamber experiments, we confirmed that mucosal application of eel GN reversed intestinal serosa-negative potential difference, indicating Cl- secretion. Serosal application of DNDS or mucosal application of DPC inhibited the GN effect, but serosal application of bumetanide had no effect. Removal of HCO3- from the serosal fluid also in...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - February 3, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yoshio Takei Masaaki Ando Marty K S Wong Takehiro Tsukada Source Type: research
Molecular mechanisms underlying guanylin-induced transcellular Cl < sup > - < /sup > secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2022 Jan 31;318:113986. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.113986. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGuanylin (GN) stimulates Cl- secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels, but the molecular mechanisms of transepithelial Cl- transport are still unknown. In Ussing chamber experiments, we confirmed that mucosal application of eel GN reversed intestinal serosa-negative potential difference, indicating Cl- secretion. Serosal application of DNDS or mucosal application of DPC inhibited the GN effect, but serosal application of bumetanide had no effect. Removal of HCO3- from the serosal fluid also in...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - February 3, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yoshio Takei Masaaki Ando Marty K S Wong Takehiro Tsukada Source Type: research
Molecular mechanisms underlying guanylin-induced transcellular Cl < sup > - < /sup > secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2022 Jan 31:113986. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.113986. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGuanylin (GN) stimulates Cl- secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels, but the molecular mechanisms of transepithelial Cl- transport are still unknown. In Ussing chamber experiments, we confirmed that mucosal application of eel GN reversed intestinal serosa-negative potential difference, indicating Cl- secretion. Serosal application of DNDS or mucosal application of DPC inhibited the GN effect, but serosal application of bumetanide had no effect. Removal of HCO3- from the serosal fluid also inhibi...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - February 3, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yoshio Takei Masaaki Ando Marty K S Wong Takehiro Tsukada Source Type: research
Molecular mechanisms underlying guanylin-induced transcellular Cl < sup > - < /sup > secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2022 Jan 31:113986. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.113986. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGuanylin (GN) stimulates Cl- secretion into the intestinal lumen of seawater-acclimated eels, but the molecular mechanisms of transepithelial Cl- transport are still unknown. In Ussing chamber experiments, we confirmed that mucosal application of eel GN reversed intestinal serosa-negative potential difference, indicating Cl- secretion. Serosal application of DNDS or mucosal application of DPC inhibited the GN effect, but serosal application of bumetanide had no effect. Removal of HCO3- from the serosal fluid also inhibi...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - February 3, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yoshio Takei Masaaki Ando Marty K S Wong Takehiro Tsukada Source Type: research
Novel treatments in autism spectrum disorder
Purpose of review
There are currently no approved medications for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and only limited data on the management of co-occurring mental health and behavioural symptoms. The purpose of this review is to synthesize recent trials on novel treatments in ASD, with a focus on research trends in the past 2 years.
Recent findings
No new pharmacologic agents received regulatory approval for use in ASD. Several large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had negative or ambiguous results (e.g. fluoxetine, oxytocin). A cross-over RCT of an oral cannabinoid suggested possible bene...
Source: Current Opinion in Psychiatry - February 2, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: Edited by Roma Vasa Source Type: research
Bumetanide lowers acute hydrocephalus in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage
ConclusionIn rodents, post-SAH hydrocephalus is may be due to hypersecretion of CSF by the CP, as it is limited by ICV injection of bumetanide. However, we cannot exclude other mechanisms involved in post-SAH acute hydrocephalus. (Source: Acta Neurochirurgica)
Source: Acta Neurochirurgica - January 30, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Source Type: research
The NKCC1 ion transporter modulates microglial phenotype and inflammatory response to brain injury in a cell-autonomous manner
by Krisztina T óth, Nikolett Lénárt, Péter Berki, Rebeka Fekete, Eszter Szabadits, Balázs Pósfai, Csaba Cserép, Ahmad Alatshan, Szilvia Benkő, Dániel Kiss, Christian A. Hübner, Attila Gulyás, Kai Kaila, Zsuzsanna Környei, Ádám Dénes
The NKCC1 ion transporter contributes to the pathophysiology of common neurological disorders, but its function in microglia, the main inflammatory cells of the brain, has remained unclear to date. Therefore, we generated a novel transgenic mouse line in which microglial NKCC1 was deleted. We show that microglial NKCC1 shapes both baseline and reactive microglia morphology, proc...
Source: PLoS Biology: Archived Table of Contents - January 27, 2022 Category: Biology Authors: Krisztina T óth Source Type: research
Suppression of hippocampal GABAergic transmission impairs memory in rodent models of Alzheimer's disease
We report a suppressed hippocampal GABAergic strength, potentially resulting from the reduced expression of anion chloride co-transporter KCC2 and subsequent positive shift of GABAergic Cl-equilibrium potential (ECl-), which is attenuated by microinjection of BDNF with proBDNF inhibitor TAT-Pep5. We also show that normalization of proBDNF/BDNF signaling or GABAergic ECl-by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of bumetanide remarkably improves the cognitive performance in Morris water maze test and fear conditioning test in rodent models of AD. These results demonstrate a critical role of hippocampal proBDNF/BDNF...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - January 18, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Bihua Bie Jiang Wu Feng Lin Mohamed Naguib Jijun Xu Source Type: research
Suppression of hippocampal GABAergic transmission impairs memory in rodent models of Alzheimer's disease
We report a suppressed hippocampal GABAergic strength, potentially resulting from the reduced expression of anion chloride co-transporter KCC2 and subsequent positive shift of GABAergic Cl-equilibrium potential (ECl-), which is attenuated by microinjection of BDNF with proBDNF inhibitor TAT-Pep5. We also show that normalization of proBDNF/BDNF signaling or GABAergic ECl-by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of bumetanide remarkably improves the cognitive performance in Morris water maze test and fear conditioning test in rodent models of AD. These results demonstrate a critical role of hippocampal proBDNF/BDNF...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - January 18, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Bihua Bie Jiang Wu Feng Lin Mohamed Naguib Jijun Xu Source Type: research
Suppression of hippocampal GABAergic transmission impairs memory in rodent models of Alzheimer's disease
We report a suppressed hippocampal GABAergic strength, potentially resulting from the reduced expression of anion chloride co-transporter KCC2 and subsequent positive shift of GABAergic Cl-equilibrium potential (ECl-), which is attenuated by microinjection of BDNF with proBDNF inhibitor TAT-Pep5. We also show that normalization of proBDNF/BDNF signaling or GABAergic ECl-by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of bumetanide remarkably improves the cognitive performance in Morris water maze test and fear conditioning test in rodent models of AD. These results demonstrate a critical role of hippocampal proBDNF/BDNF...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - January 18, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Bihua Bie Jiang Wu Feng Lin Mohamed Naguib Jijun Xu Source Type: research
An Update on Psychopharmacological Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder
AbstractWhile behavioral interventions remain the mainstay of treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), several potential targeted treatments addressing the underlying neurophysiology of ASD have emerged in the last few years. These are promising for the potential to, in future, become part of the mainstay treatment in addressing the core symptoms of ASD. Although it is likely that the development of future targeted treatments will be influenced by the underlying heterogeneity in etiology, associated genetic mechanisms influencing ASD are likely to be the first targets of treatments and even gene therapy in the future f...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - January 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
