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Adults Meeting Fruit and Vegetable Intake Recommendations - United States, 2013.
Abstract Eating more fruits and vegetables adds nutrients to diets, reduces the risk for heart disease, stroke, and some cancers, and helps manage body weight when consumed in place of more energy-dense foods. Adults who engage in <30 minutes of moderate physical activity daily should consume 1.5-2.0 cup equivalents of fruit and 2-3 cups of vegetables daily.* However, during 2007-2010, half of the total U.S. population consumed <1 cup of fruit and <1.5 cups of vegetables daily; 76% did not meet fruit intake recommendations, and 87% did not meet vegetable intake recommendations. Although national estimates...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - July 10, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Moore LV, Thompson FE Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Association Between Average Daily Television Viewing Time and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Related Mortality: Findings From the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
CONCLUSIONS: Avoiding a sedentary lifestyle, particularly prolonged TV viewing, may help in preventing death from COPD among men. PMID: 25947581 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - May 9, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Tags: J Epidemiol Source Type: research

What is the role of lifestyle behaviour change associated with non-communicable disease risk in managing musculoskeletal health conditions with special reference to chronic pain?
DiscussionA state-of-the-art review was conducted to synthesize evidence related to lifestyle factors (not smoking, healthy diet, healthy weight, optimal sleep and manageable stress, as well as physical activity) and musculoskeletal health, with special reference to chronic pain. The findings support that health behaviour change competencies (examination/assessment and intervention/treatment) may warrant being included in first-line management of chronic pain, either independently or in conjunction with conventional physical therapy interventions. To address knowledge gaps in the literature however three lines of clinical ...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - April 13, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Elizabeth DeanAnne Söderlund Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on macro-economic productivity: a systematic review
Abstract Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have large economic impact at multiple levels. To systematically review the literature investigating the economic impact of NCDs [including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on macro-economic productivity. Systematic search, up to November 6th 2014, of medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) without language restrictions. To identify additional publications, we searched the reference lists of retriev...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 3, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The English are healthier than the Americans: really?
Conclusions: It is possible to construct a metric of health, based on data directly collected from individuals, in which health is operationalized as domains of functioning. Its application has the potential to tackle one of the most intractable problems in international research on health, namely the comparability of health across countries.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - February 22, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Cieza, A., Oberhauser, C., Bickenbach, J., Jones, R. N., Ustun, T. B., Kostanjsek, N., Morris, J. N., Chatterji, S. Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: research

Vital signs: disparities in nonsmokers' exposure to secondhand smoke - United States, 1999-2012.
Abstract Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from burning tobacco products causes sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks in infants and children, and coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer in adult nonsmokers. No risk-free level of SHS exposure exists. SHS exposure causes more than 41,000 deaths among nonsmoking adults and 400 deaths in infants each year, and approximately $5.6 billion annually in lost productivity. Although population exposure to SHS has declined over the past 2 decades, many nonsmokers remain exposed to SHS in workplaces, public pl...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 6, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Homa DM, Neff LJ, King BA, Caraballo RS, Bunnell RE, Babb SD, Garrett BE, Sosnoff CS, Wang L Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on healthcare spending and national income: a systematic review
Abstract The impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in populations extends beyond ill-health and mortality with large financial consequences. To systematically review and meta-analyze studies evaluating the impact of NCDs (including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease) at the macro-economic level: healthcare spending and national income. Medical databases (Medline, Embase and Google Scholar) up to November 6th 2014. For further identification of suitable studies, we searched refere...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - January 18, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Oxidative balance score as predictor of all-cause, cancer, and noncancer mortality in a biracial US cohort
In this study, we investigated associations of the OBS with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and explored alternative OBS weighting methods in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study cohort.
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - January 16, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: So Yeon Kong, Michael Goodman, Suzanne Judd, Roberd M. Bostick, W. Dana Flanders, William McClellan Tags: Original article Source Type: research

Oxidative Balance Score as Predictor of All-Cause, Cancer, and Non-cancer Mortality in a Biracial US Cohort
In this study, we investigated associations of the OBS with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and explored alternative OBS weighting methods in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study cohort.
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - January 16, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: So Yeon Kong, Michael Goodman, Suzanne Judd, Roberd M. Bostick, W. Dana Flanders, William McClellan Source Type: research

Oxidative balance score as predictor of all-cause, cancer, and noncancer mortality in a biracial US cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that individuals with a greater balance of antioxidant to pro-oxidant lifestyle exposures may have lower mortality. PMID: 25682727 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Epidemiology - January 16, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kong SY, Goodman M, Judd S, Bostick RM, Flanders WD, McClellan W Tags: Ann Epidemiol Source Type: research

Antioxidant Vitamin Intake and Mortality: The Leisure World Cohort Study
To assess the relationship between antioxidant vitamin intake and all-cause mortality in older adults, we examined these associations using data from the Leisure World Cohort Study, a prospective study of residents of the Leisure World retirement community in Laguna Hills, California. In the early 1980s, participants (who were aged 44–101 years) completed a postal survey, which included details on use of vitamin supplements and dietary intake of foods containing vitamins A and C. Age-adjusted and multivariate-adjusted (for factors related to mortality in this cohort—smoking, alcohol intake, caffeine consumption...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - January 6, 2015 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Paganini-Hill, A., Kawas, C. H., Corrada, M. M. Tags: RESEARCH-ARTICLE Source Type: research

Antioxidant Vitamin Intake and Mortality: The Leisure World Cohort Study.
Abstract To assess the relationship between antioxidant vitamin intake and all-cause mortality in older adults, we examined these associations using data from the Leisure World Cohort Study, a prospective study of residents of the Leisure World retirement community in Laguna Hills, California. In the early 1980s, participants (who were aged 44-101 years) completed a postal survey, which included details on use of vitamin supplements and dietary intake of foods containing vitamins A and C. Age-adjusted and multivariate-adjusted (for factors related to mortality in this cohort-smoking, alcohol intake, caffeine consu...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - December 29, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Paganini-Hill A, Kawas CH, Corrada MM Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Plasma fibroblast growth factor 23 and risk of cardiovascular disease: results from the EPIC-Germany case-cohort study
Abstract Increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) concentrations have emerged as a novel risk factor for heart failure and stroke but not for myocardial infarction (MI). Yet, most studies on MI were conducted in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and the elderly. Evidence is unclear in subjects without CAD and for stroke subtypes. We investigated the relationships between FGF23 and overall major cardiovascular endpoints, incident MI, ischemic (IS) and haemorrhagic stroke (HS) in middle-aged adults without pre-existing cardiovascular disease. We used a case-cohort study nested within the European Prospecti...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The global impact of non-communicable diseases on households and impoverishment: a systematic review
Abstract The global economic impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on household expenditures and poverty indicators remains less well understood. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature evaluating the global economic impact of six NCDs [including coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer (lung, colon, cervical and breast), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)] on households and impoverishment. Medline, Embase and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to November 6th 2014. To identify additional publ...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 20, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Explaining the excess mortality in Scotland compared with England: pooling of 18 cohort studies
Conclusions Only a quarter of the excess mortality among Scottish respondents could be explained by the available baseline risk factors. Greater understanding is required on the lived experience of poverty, the role of social support, and the historical, environmental, cultural and political influences on health in Scotland.
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - December 10, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: McCartney, G., Russ, T. C., Walsh, D., Lewsey, J., Smith, M., Smith, G. D., Stamatakis, E., Batty, G. D. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Cohort studies, Mortality and morbidity, Open access, Health service research, Occupational and environmental medicine Mortality and life expectancy Source Type: research

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