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Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease: Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study
AbstractWhether the vascular effects of inorganic nitrate, observed in clinical trials, translate to a reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) with habitual dietary nitrate intake in prospective studies warrants investigation. We aimed to determine if vegetable nitrate, the major dietary nitrate source, is associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and lower risk of incident CVD. Among 53,150 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study, without CVD at baseline, vegetable nitrate intake was assessed using a comprehensive vegetable nitrate database. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using restricted cubic sp...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - August 1, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Relationship of higher-level functional capacity with long-term mortality in Japanese older people: NIPPON DATA90
CONCLUSION: Impaired HLFC was associated with a high risk of all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people with independent BADL. In particular, social role in men and IADL and intellectual activity in women were associated with long-term mortality risk.PMID:34248110 | DOI:10.2188/jea.JE20210077
Source: Journal of Epidemiology - July 12, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hideki Nagata Katsuyuki Miura Sachiko Tanaka Aya Kadota Takehito Hayakawa Keiko Kondo Akira Fujiyoshi Naoyuki Takashima Yoshikuni Kita Akira Okayama Tomonori Okamura Hirotsugu Ueshima Source Type: research

Vegetable nitrate intake, blood pressure and incident cardiovascular disease: Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study
AbstractWhether the vascular effects of inorganic nitrate, observed in clinical trials, translate to a reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) with habitual dietary nitrate intake in prospective studies warrants investigation. We aimed to determine if vegetable nitrate, the major dietary nitrate source, is associated with lower blood pressure (BP) and lower risk of incident CVD. Among 53,150 participants of the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study, without CVD at baseline, vegetable nitrate intake was assessed using a comprehensive vegetable nitrate database. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using restricted cubic sp...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - April 21, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Sexual Orientation Disparities in Risk Factors for Adverse COVID-19-Related Outcomes, by Race/Ethnicity - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2017-2019.
Abstract Sexual minority persons experience health disparities associated with sexual stigma and discrimination and have a high prevalence of several health conditions that have been associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (1,2). Current COVID-19 surveillance systems do not capture information about sexual orientation. To begin bridging the gap in knowledge about COVID-19 risk among sexual minority adults, CDC examined disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual adults in the prevalence of underlying conditions with strong or mixed evidence of associations with severe COVID-19-related i...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 5, 2021 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Heslin KC, Hall JE Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: research

Calcium intake, calcium supplementation and cardiovascular disease and mortality in the British population: EPIC-norfolk prospective cohort study and meta-analysis
AbstractThe role of dietary calcium in cardiovascular disease prevention is unclear. We aimed to determine the association between calcium intake and incident cardiovascular disease and mortality. Data were extracted from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer, Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk). Multivariable Cox regressions analysed associations between calcium intake (dietary and supplemental) and cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, aortic stenosis, peripheral vascular disease) and mortality (cardiovascular and all-cause). The results of this study were pooled with those from published pr...
Source: European Journal of Epidemiology - December 31, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Plant foods, dietary fibre and risk of ischaemic heart disease in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort
ConclusionsIn this large prospective study, we found some small inverse associations between plant foods and IHD risk, with fruit and vegetables combined being the most strongly inversely associated with risk. Whether these small associations are causal remains unclear.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - November 27, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Different Risk Profiles of European Patients Using Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists: a Rapid Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWe investigated the risk profiles of patients using direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) or vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in European cohort studies to estimate the importance of potential (measured or unmeasured) confounding factors in analyses comparing these drugs. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (2008 –2018) for relevant studies and extracted information on age, sex, comorbidity, Charlson comorbidity index, HAS-BLED score (assessing risk of bleeding) and CHA2DS2-VASc score (assessing risk of stroke).Recent FindingsOverall, 66 studies with 2,808,757 patients were included. Most patients were from Fr...
Source: Current Epidemiology Reports - November 14, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Impact of Male Origin Microchimerism on Cardiovascular Disease in Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Abstract Increasing parity is associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke in women. This is likely attributed to biological responses of pregnancy. Male cells of presumed fetal origin are commonly present in women years after pregnancy-a phenomenon termed male origin microchimerism. Here, we investigated whether male origin microchimerism was associated with risk of IHD and ischemic stroke in women. We evaluated the association between male origin microchimerism and ischemic events in a cohort of 766 Danish women enrolled in the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort during 1993-1997 when ...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - November 13, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hallum S, Gerds TA, Sehested TSG, Jakobsen MA, Tjønneland A, Kamper-Jørgensen M Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Impact of Male-Origin Microchimerism on Cardiovascular Disease in Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
In this study, we investigated whether MOM was associated with risk of IHD and ischemic stroke in women. We evaluated the association between MOM and ischemic events in a cohort of 766 Danish women enrolled in the Diet, Cancer and Health cohor t during 1993–1997 when aged 50–64 years. Of these women, 545 (71.2%) tested positive for MOM through targeting of the Y chromosome (DYS14 DNA sequence) in their blood. Multiple Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals. We found that MOM was associated with a significantly reduced rate of IHD (hazard ratio  = 0.44, 95% confidence ...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - November 13, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Randomized Trial Evaluation of Benefits and Risks of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Among Women Aged 50-59.
Abstract The health benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 50-59 years are examined in the Women's Health Initiative randomized, placebo-controlled trials using long-term follow-up data and a parsimonious statistical model that leverages data from older participants to increase precision. These trials enrolled 27,347 healthy post-menopausal women aged 50-79 at 40 U.S. clinical centers during 1993-1998, including 10,739 post-hysterectomy participants in a trial of conjugated equine estrogens, and 16,608 participants with uterus in the trial of these estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acet...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - October 7, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Prentice RL, Aragaki AK, Chlebowski RT, Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Stefanick ML, Wactawski-Wende J, Kuller LH, Wallace R, Johnson KC, Shadyab AH, Gass M, Manson JAE Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

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