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Modeling chronic disease risk across equity factors using a population-based prediction model: the Chronic Disease Population Risk Tool (CDPoRT)
Conclusion Considerable reduction in chronic disease cases was predicted across equity-defined scenarios, suggesting the need for prevention strategies that consider upstream determinants affecting chronic disease risk. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Chen, K., Kornas, K., Rosella, L. C. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Neurological conditions and subsequent divorce risk in the Nordic countries: the importance of gender and both spouses education
Conclusions Despite some variation by educational resources and country context, the results suggest that the social consequences of illness are noticeable even in Nordic welfare states, with the husband’s illness being at least as important as the wife’s. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Metsä-Simola, N., Heggebo, K., Kjaer Urhoj, S., Martikainen, P., Einiö, E., Östergren, O. Tags: Editor's choice Original research Source Type: research

Parental education and occupation in relation to childhood type 1 diabetes: nationwide cohort study
Conclusions Our results suggested inverse U-shaped associations between maternal socioeconomic status and risk of type 1 diabetes. Non-linear associations may be part of the reason why previous literature has been inconsistent. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Lopez-Doriga Ruiz, P., Tapia, G., Bakken, I. J., Haberg, S. E., Gulseth, H. L., Skrivarhaug, T., Joner, G., Stene, L. C. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

How socio-political change is associated with the number of individually reported negative life events: a population-based study using the German reunification 1989/1990 as an example
Conclusion Our findings suggest that although some individuals experience a marked increase in NLEs due to socio-political changes, many remain unaffected, emphasising the need for a differentiated understanding of these effects. This increase in NLEs may partly account for ongoing health and well-being disparities among countries with differing transformation histories. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hahm, S., Altweck, L., Schmidt, S., Fleischer, T., Helmert, C., Ulke, C., Speerforck, S., Schomerus, G., Klinger-König, J., Grabe, H. J., Schmidt, C. O., Beutel, M. E., Brähler, E., Muehlan, H. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Lack of consistency in measurement methods and semantics used for network measures in adolescent health behaviour studies using social network analysis: a systematic review
Conclusion Robust methodological recommendations are needed to harmonise network measures in order to facilitate comparison across studies and optimise public health intervention based on SNA. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Collonnaz, M., Minary, L., Riglea, T., Kalubi, J., O'Loughlin, J., Kestens, Y., Agrinier, N. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Assessment of census-tract level socioeconomic position as a modifier of the relationship between short-term PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular emergency department visits in Missouri
Conclusion Overall, we find some evidence that area-level SEP modifies the relationship between ambient PM2.5 exposure and CVDM, and suggest that the relationship between air-pollution, area-level SEP and CVDM may be sensitive to spatial scale. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: McCann, Z. H., Chang, H. H., D'Souza, R., Scovronick, N., Ebelt, S. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Embodiment of discrimination: a cross-sectional study of threats, humiliating treatment and ethnic discrimination in relation to somatic health complaints among Sami in Sweden
Conclusions This study has shown a strong relationship between different expressions of perceived ethnic discrimination and a series of somatic complaints among the Sámi in Sweden. Efforts to alleviate interpersonal and institutional discrimination against the Sámi would contribute to improve their health. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: San Sebastian, M., Gustafsson, P. E., Stoor, J. P. A. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Time poverty, health and health-related behaviours in a Southern European city: a gender issue
Conclusions This study suggests that time use can be an important social determinant of health and of gender inequalities in health. At the local level, in many European cities, time poverty could be reduced, among other interventions, by increasing affordable and good quality public services for the care of dependent persons. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Artazcoz, L., Cortes-Franch, I., Arcas, M. M., Olle-Espluga, L., Perez, K. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Trajectories of antidepressant use before and after union dissolution and re-partnering in later life: a prospective total population register-based cohort study
Conclusions Our results suggest that union dissolution in later life is associated with large and persistent increases in AD use, whereas the reductions associated with re-partnering are limited both in magnitude and duration. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hu, Y., Metsä-Simola, N., Malmberg, S., Martikainen, P. Tags: Press releases Original research Source Type: research

Beyond traffic jam alleviation: evaluating the health and health equity impacts of New York Citys congestion pricing plan
New York City (NYC) is slated to be the first jurisdiction in the USA to implement a cordon-based congestion tax, which will be levied on vehicles entering its Central Business District. Several cities around the world, for example, London and Stockholm, have had similar cordon-based pricing programmes, defined as road pricing that charges drivers a fee for entering a specified area (typically a congested urban centre). In addition to reducing congestion and creating revenue, projections suggest the NYC congestion pricing plan may yield meaningful traffic-related air quality improvements that could result in health benefit...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - April 10, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Ghassabian, A., Titus, A. R., Conderino, S., Azan, A., Weinberger, R., Thorpe, L. E. Tags: Essay Source Type: research

Correction: Childhood health and educational disadvantage are associated with adult multimorbidity in the global south: findings from a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative surveys in India and Brazil
Pati S, Sinha A, Verma P, et al. Childhood health and educational disadvantage are associated with adult multimorbidity in the global south: findings from a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative surveys in India and Brazil. J Epidemiol Community Health 2023;77:617–24. Below are corrected and additional information related to the original version of this paper: ELSI-Brazil full name: ‘The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil).’ The study’s full name had a few errors throughout the text. ‘Doralice Severo da Cruz Teixeira’ affiliation: School of Public Health, ...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - March 8, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Open access Correction Source Type: research

Correction: Prepayment meters strongly associated with multiple types of deprivation and emergency respiratory hospital admissions: an observational, cross-sectional study
Ding X, Akimova ET, Zhao B, et al. Prepayment meters strongly associated with multiple types of deprivation and emergency respiratory hospital admissions: an observational, cross-sectional study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2024;78:54-60. doi: 10.1136/jech-2023-220793 (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - March 8, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Open access Correction Source Type: research

How to conduct methodologically rigorous epidemiological studies of the Chinese Famine of 1959-1961
The important use of famines as human laboratories to study long-term health effects has become widely recognised over the past decades. To date, over 300 epidemiological studies of the Chinese Famine of 1959–1961 have been published, and there is a fast-growing interest in examining its intergenerational impacts.1 However, many of them had major limitations in analytical methods. In light of the study by Hu and colleagues,2 we discussed some overlooked methodological issues and alternative strategies to conduct rigorous Chinese famine studies. A frequently discussed limitation of Chinese famine studies is that many ...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - March 8, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Liu, C., Lian, Z., Li, C. Tags: Letters to the editor Source Type: research

Advancing migration and health research by examining return migration
This essay offers an analysis of research on return migration and health by adopting the social determinants of health (SDH) framework proposed by the WHO. Specifically, we argue that the SDH are implicated in the decision to migrate, stay or return, which in itself also contributes to social health inequities. Most theoretical frameworks developed to study migration have predominantly considered primary migration movements. The lack of a fluid consideration of the migration phenomenon has a direct impact on our understanding of the relationship between migration and health. In this essay, we, first, address the challenges...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - March 8, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Serrano-Gallardo, P., Mas-Giralt, R., Castellani, S., Juarez, S. P. Tags: Open access Essay Source Type: research

Impact of socioeconomic status on presentation, care quality and outcomes of patients attended by emergency medical services for dyspnoea: a population-based cohort study
Conclusion Lower SES was associated with a higher incidence of EMS attendances for dyspnoea and disparities in several metrics of care and clinical outcomes. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - March 8, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Zhou, J., Nehme, E., Dawson, L., Bloom, J., Smallwood, N., Okyere, D., Cox, S., Anderson, D., Smith, K., Stub, D., Nehme, Z., Kaye, D. Tags: Original research Source Type: research