Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Sex differences in adverse events following seasonal influenza vaccines: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Conclusion This meta-analysis suggested a higher risk of solicited reactions following influenza vaccines for females compared with males, irrespective of age and vaccine type. Transparent communication of this risk could increase the trust in vaccines and limit vaccine hesitancy. Future studies should report results stratified by sex and explore the role of gender in the occurrence of adverse events. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - November 9, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kiely, M., Tadount, F., Lo, E., Sadarangani, M., Wei, S. Q., Rafferty, E., Quach, C., MacDonald, S. E. Tags: Open access, Press releases Original research Source Type: research

Associations between modifiable risk factors and frailty: a Mendelian randomisation study
Conclusions This study provided genetic evidence for the causal associations between several modifiable risk factors with lifetime frailty risk. A multidimensional approach targeting these factors may hold a promising prospect for prevention frailty. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - November 9, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Zhang, N., Jia, Z., Gu, T., Zheng, Y., Zhang, Y., Song, W., Chen, Z., Li, G., Tse, G., Liu, T. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Economic insecurity exposure and cognitive function in late life
Conclusions Providing cognitive health surveillance and psychological counselling may be important for preventing cognitive decline among those experiencing economic insecurity. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - November 9, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Luo, Y., Xu, M., Liang, R. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Clustering by multiple long-term conditions and social care needs: a cross-sectional study among 10 026 older adults in England
Conclusions We have highlighted those at risk of worse care outcomes, including nursing home admission. Distinct clusters of individuals with shared sociodemographic characteristics can help identify at-risk individuals with MLTC and SCN at primary care level. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - November 9, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Khan, N., Chalitsios, C. V., Nartey, Y., Simpson, G., Zaccardi, F., Santer, M., Roderick, P. J., Stuart, B., Farmer, A. J., Dambha-Miller, H. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Inequalities in childrens mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the UK Household Longitudinal Study
Conclusion Mental health among UK 5 and 8 year olds deteriorated during the pandemic, although several inequalities narrowed. Interventions are needed to improve child mental health while ensuring inequalities do not widen. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - November 9, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Miall, N., Pearce, A., Moore, J. C., Benzeval, M., Green, M. J. Tags: Open access, Press releases, COVID-19 Original research Source Type: research

Precarious employment in early adulthood and later mental health problems: a register-linked cohort study
Conclusions In Sweden, entry into the labour market with precarious employment is associated with an increased risk of mental health problems, which is important given that precarious employment is becoming more prevalent among young adults. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - November 9, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Thern, E., Matilla-Santander, N., Hernando-Rodriguez, J. C., Almroth, M., Bodin, T. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

What does 'following the guidance mean in an era of increasingly pluralistic guidance for the development, evaluation and implementation of interventions?
Guidance for intervention research in public health, health services and beyond, has evolved rapidly since the turn of the century. To take UK Medical Research Council (MRC) guidance for developing and evaluating complex interventions as an example, this began in 20001 with guidance for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of complex interventions. This guidance followed a linear sequence from intervention theory towards a goal of demonstrating whether an intervention ‘worked’, and then, whether and how to implement more widely. An updated version, published in 2008,2 reflected a number of shifts in thinking. Th...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - November 9, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Moore, G., Evans, R. E., Hawkins, J., Shenderovich, Y., Young, H. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Correction: Altitude, life expectancy and mortality from ischaemic heart disease, stroke, COPD and cancers: national population-based analysis of US counties
Ezzati M, Horwitz MEM, Thomas DSK, et al. Altitude, life expectancy and mortality from ischaemic heart disease, stroke, COPD and cancers: national population-based analysis of US counties. J Epidemiol Community Health 2012;66:e17. doi: 10.1136/jech.2010.112938 The second author of this paper is cited incorrectly. The author’s first names are ‘Mara E’ and last name is ‘Murray Horwitz.’ The correct citation is ‘Murray Horwitz, M E.’ (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: research

Impact of lifestyle risk factors on admission to nursing home care: a cohort study of 127 108 people aged 60 years and over
Conclusion An unhealthy lifestyle was associated with a marked increased risk of admission to a nursing home in adults aged 60+ years. Interventions focused on lifestyle modifications may prevent or delay nursing home admission. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Gibson, A. A., Gale, J., Stamatakis, E., Lindley, R. I., Fontana, L., Cistulli, P. A., Nassar, N. Tags: Open access, Press releases Evidence-based public health policy and practice Source Type: research

Causal effect of shifting from precarious to standard employment on all-cause mortality in Sweden: an emulation of a target trial
Conclusions This study finds that shifting from low to higher-quality employment conditions (ie, stable employment, sufficient income levels and high coverage by collective agreements) decreases the risk of death. Remaining in PE increases the risk of premature mortality. Our results emphasise the necessity of ensuring decent work for the entire working population to accomplish the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Matilla-Santander, N., Matthews, A. A., Gunn, V., Muntaner, C., Kreshpaj, B., Wegman, D. H., Sanchez-Martinez, N., Hernando-Rodriguez, J. C., Albin, M., Balogh, R., Davis, L., Bodin, T. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Cumulative exposure to extreme heat and trajectories of cognitive decline among older adults in the USA
Conclusion Extreme heat exposure can disproportionately undermine cognitive health in later life for socially vulnerable populations. Our findings underscore the need for policy actions to identify and support high-risk communities for increasingly warming temperatures. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Choi, E. Y., Lee, H., Chang, V. W. Tags: Editor's choice Original research Source Type: research

High levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein to albumin ratio can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
Conclusion High levels of CAR can increase the risk of CVD and the predictive performance of CAR for CVD is better than that of hs-CRP or albumin alone. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yang, X., Yang, X., Yang, J., Wen, X., Wu, S., Cui, L. Tags: Open access Original research Source Type: research

Age, period and cohort-related trends in prescription opioid use in the USA, 1999-2018
Conclusion In the USA, longitudinal trends in prescription opioid use during 1999–2018 were predominantly driven by age and period influences. The cohort of youngest baby boomers experienced greater prescription opioid use, whereas recent-born cohorts have had lower use. As the overdose crisis continues evolving, such population-level characterisations of age, period and cohort dynamics are instrumental in understanding opioid use and can inform prevention and intervention approaches by identifying population groups more likely to use opioids who, thus, may also experience related outcomes. (Source: Journal of Epidem...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Shiue, K. Y., Austin, A. E., Naumann, R. B., Aiello, A. E., Marshall, S. W., Golightly, Y. M. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Using administrative data to evaluate national policy impacts on child and maternal health: a research framework from the Maternal and Child Health Network (MatCHNet)
Reducing health inequalities by addressing the social circumstances in which children are conceived and raised is a societal priority. Early interventions are key to improving outcomes in childhood and long-term into adulthood. Across the UK nations, there is strong political commitment to invest in the early years. National policy interventions aim to tackle health inequalities and deliver health equity for all children. Evidence to determine the effectiveness of socio-structural policies on child health outcomes is especially pressing given the current social and economic challenges facing policy-makers and families with...
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Stewart, E., Brophy, S., Cookson, R., Gilbert, R., Given, J., Hardelid, P., Harron, K., Leyland, A., Pearce, A., Wood, R., Dundas, R. Tags: Research agenda Source Type: research

Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of children and young people: an umbrella review
Conclusions Multipronged psychosocial care services, policies and programmes are needed to alleviate the burden of mental health problems in CYP as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated global health measures. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021276312. (Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health)
Source: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health - October 10, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Bevilacqua, L., Fox-Smith, L., Lewins, A., Jetha, P., Sideri, A., Barton, G., Meiser-Stedman, R., Beazley, P. Tags: COVID-19 Original research Source Type: research