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Special MRI scan could identify stroke risk in people with atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation is a heart rhythm disorder that affects millions of people. It can make you feel lousy. Even worse, it can cause potentially disabling or deadly strokes. A special MRI scan may — I stress the “may” — help identify people with atrial fibrillation who are at high risk of having a stroke. This could help many people with this condition to avoid taking warfarin or other clot-preventing medications for life. A normal heartbeat starts in a cluster of cells called the pacemaker. It sits in the heart’s upper right chamber (the right atrium). These cells generate a pulse of electricity that...
Source: New Harvard Health Information - April 28, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Howard LeWine, M.D. Tags: Heart Health atrial fibrillation MRI prevention special MRI scan Stroke Stroke Risk Source Type: news

Saving Vanessa, part 1: A mystery rash, a stroke and an epic rescue
Vanessa’s rash first appeared on her arms and legs when she 3 or 4 months old. It was red and bumpy and went away when she was sick with a virus, which happened often. Then it would come back. The dermatology team she saw at Boston Children’s Hospital was puzzled. “I was expecting they were going to think it was nothing, but they took it very seriously,” says Katherine Bell, one of Vanessa’s mothers. “They took a biopsy and very quickly realized they had no idea what it was.” Vanessa’s case was even featured at a regional dermatology conference where doctors take up mystery patients. “A hundred to 150 der...
Source: Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston - July 25, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Nancy Fliesler Tags: Diseases & Conditions Our Patients’ Stories Dr. Carolyn Rogers Dr. Pui Lee Dr. Robert Sundel Dr. Scellig Stone Dr. Todd Lyons stroke Source Type: news

New imaging method may predict risk of post-treatment brain bleeding after stroke
In a study of stroke patients, investigators confirmed through MRI brain scans that there was an association between the extent of disruption to the brain’s protective blood-brain barrier and the severity of bleeding following invasive stroke therapy. The results of the National Institutes of Health-funded study were published in Neurology.
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - June 17, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Thrombocytopenia (P4.264)
Conclusions:IV rtPA for AIS might be safe in patients with platelet count <100,000/mm3 and it is reasonable not to delay IV rtPA administration while waiting for the platelet count result, unless there is strong suspicion for abnormal platelet count .Disclosure: Dr. Mowla has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kamal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lail has nothing to disclose. Dr. Vaughn has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mehla has nothing to disclose. Dr. Deline has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ching has nothing to disclose. Dr. Crumlish has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sawyer has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Mowla, A., Kamal, H., Lail, N., Vaughn, C., Mehla, S., Deline, C., Ching, M., Crumlish, A., Sawyer, R. Tags: Thrombolysis and Acute Evaluation in Ischemic Stroke Source Type: research

Frequency of Hemorrhage on Follow Up Imaging in Stroke Patients Treated With rt-PA Depending on Clinical Course
Conclusions: Frequency of hemorrhagic transformation in Routine follow-up brain imaging and consecutive changes in therapeutic management were different depending on clinical course measured by NHISS score. Introduction Brain imaging 24–36 h after systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke is recommended in American Stroke Association and European Stroke Organization guidelines (1, 2). Brain imaging is performed to detect secondary bleeding or hemorrhagic transformation in order to adapt medical stroke prevention if necessary. Guideline recommendations are based on the results of the first study on rt-PA...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Influence of Sex on Stroke Prognosis: A Demographic, Clinical, and Molecular Analysis
Conclusion Our data suggest that women who suffer from IS present with a poorer functional outcome than men at 3-months, regardless of other preclinical and clinical factors during the acute phase. These relationships seem to be mediated by atrial dysfunction and inflammation. The inflammatory response is slightly higher in women; however, there are no sex differences in their functional behavior. There is a probable relationship between the molecular marker of atrial dysfunction NT-proBNP and worse functional outcome in women, and the connection seems to be more important in cardioembolic stroke patients. In patients wi...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke treatment, outcomes improve at hospitals participating in UCLA-led initiative
Administering a clot-dissolving drug to stroke victims quickly — ideally within the first 60 minutes after they arrive at a hospital emergency room — is crucial to saving their lives, preserving their brain function and reducing disability. Given intravenously, tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) is currently the only Food and Drug Administration–approved therapy shown to improve outcomes for patients suffering acute ischemic stroke, which affects some 800,000 Americans annually. Now, a UCLA-led study demonstrates that hospitals participating in the "Target: Stroke" national quality-improvement program have markedly...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - April 23, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Paramedics may be best first line of defense in treating stroke patients
This study involved an unprecedented cooperative effort of paramedics in the field and emergency physicians serving as investigators,” said Dr. Sidney Starkman, co-principal investigator and co-director of the UCLA Stroke Center. “Through this study we were able to instill permanently in everyone’s mind the idea that ‘time is brain.’ We believe this represents a paradigm shift in the treatment of stroke and potentially numerous other neurological conditions,” said Starkman, who also is professor of emergency medicine and neurology at the Geffen School. “We demonstrated that paramedics not only are eager to pr...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 5, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Quick magnesium treatment fails to improve stroke outcomes, but study has silver lining
In the first study of its kind, a consortium led by UCLA physicians found that giving stroke patients intravenous magnesium within an hour of the onset of symptoms does not improve stroke outcomes.   However, the 8-year trial did find that with the help of paramedics in the field, intravenous medications can frequently be administered to stroke victims within that so-called "golden hour," during which they have the best chance to survive and avoid debilitating, long-term neurological damage.   The latter finding is a "game-changer," said Dr. Jeffrey Saver, director of the UCLA Stroke Center and a professor of ...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - February 13, 2014 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Association between periodontal disease and non-fatal ischemic stroke: a case-control study.
Conclusion. This case-control study demonstrates that periodontal disease, especially markers such as BOP and bone loss, is independently associated with ischemic stroke. PMID: 24720864 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica - April 11, 2014 Category: Dentistry Authors: Lafon A, Tala S, Ahossi V, Perrin D, Giroud M, Béjot Y Tags: Acta Odontol Scand Source Type: research

Novel Diagnostic and Monitoring Tools in Stroke: an Individualized Patient-Centered Precision Medicine Approach.
Authors: de Villiers S, Swanepoel A, Bester J, Pretorius E Abstract Central to the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke are the normally protective processes of platelet adhesion and activation. Experimental evidence has shown that the ligand-receptor interactions in ischaemic stroke represent a thrombo-inflammatory cascade, which presents research opportunities into new treatment. However, as anti-platelet drugs have the potential to cause severe side effects in ischaemic stroke patients (as well as other vascular disease patients), it is important to carefully monitor the risk of bleeding and risk of thrombus in pati...
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - December 23, 2015 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The 'Other' Stroke
J Mocco, MD, MS Professor and Vice Chair for Education Director, Cerebrovascular Center Residency Program Director Department of Neurological Surgery Mount Sinai Health System Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The 'Other' Stroke A recent patient of mine, 48-year-old "Joe" (not his real name), was eating with his family at an Italian restaurant. Suddenly, he stood up, cursed, and collapsed. They brought him to the hospital, and he could not talk, move, or do anything we asked him to do. It turned out that Joe had suffered the second-most common, but deadliest, form of stroke: intracerebral hemorrhage. When people hear "stroke,...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - November 7, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Advances in stroke medicine.
Authors: Campbell BC Abstract In recent years, reperfusion therapies such as intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy for ischaemic stroke have dramatically reduced disability and revolutionised stroke management. Thrombolysis with alteplase is effective when administered to patients with potentially disabling stroke, who are not at high risk of bleeding, within 4.5 hours of the time the patient was last known to be well. Emerging evidence suggests that other thrombolytics such as tenecteplase may be even more effective. Treatment may be possible beyond 4.5 hours in patients selected using brain imagi...
Source: Medical Journal of Australia - May 6, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: Med J Aust Source Type: research

Aortic dissection diagnosed on stroke computed tomography protocol: a case report
ConclusionsWhen acute stroke is suspected due to neurological deficits, plain head CT is the first choice for imaging diagnosis. The addition of cervical CT angiography can reliably exclude stroke due to aortic dissection. CTP can identify ischemic penumbra, which cannot be diagnosed by plain head CT or diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. These combined stroke CT protocols helped us avoid missing an aortic dissection.
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - May 26, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

A Review of the Role of Transthoracic and Transesophageal Echocardiography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cardioembolic Stroke
Med Sci Monit. 2022 Jun 22;28:e936365. doi: 10.12659/MSM.936365.ABSTRACTStroke is a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for the second largest cause of mortality and the third greatest cause of disability. Stroke is frequently preceded by a transient ischemic attack (TIA). The etiologies of 20-30% of ischemic strokes are unknown, and thus are termed "cryptogenic strokes". About 25% of ischemic strokes are cardioembolic. Strokes occur at a rate of around 2% per year in individuals with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), with a strong correlation between stroke risk and the degree...
Source: Medical Science Monitor - June 22, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Sergiu Florin Arnautu Diana Aurora Arnautu Ana Lascu Andrei A Hajevschi Ciprian Ilie Ilie Rosca Abhinav Sharma Dragos Catalin Jianu Source Type: research