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Role of Biological Markers for Cerebral Bleeding Risk STRATification in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Oral Anticoagulants for Primary or Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke (Strat-AF Study): Study Design and Methodology.
Conclusions: The Strat-AF study may be an essential step towards the exploration of the role of a combined clinical biomarker or multiple biomarker models in predicting stroke risk in AF, and might sustain the incorporation of such new markers in the existing stroke prediction schemes by the demonstration of a greater incremental value in predicting stroke risk and improvement in clinical outcomes in a cost-effective fashion. PMID: 31548494 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medicina (Kaunas) - September 22, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Poggesi A, Barbato C, Galmozzi F, Camilleri E, Cesari F, Chiti S, Diciotti S, Galora S, Giusti B, Gori AM, Marzi C, Melone A, Mistri D, Pescini F, Pracucci G, Rinnoci V, Sarti C, Fainardi E, Marcucci R, Salvadori E Tags: Medicina (Kaunas) Source Type: research

A Post-hoc Study of D-Amino Acid Oxidase in Blood as an Indicator of Post-stroke Dementia
In conclusion, our data support that plasma DAO levels were increased in PSD patients and correlated with brain WMH, independent of age, gender, hypertension, and renal function. Plasma DAO levels may therefore aid in PSD diagnosis. Introduction Stroke is a risk factor for both vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease (1, 2). Functional recovery develops over the course of 26 weeks after a stroke (3), but the survivors are often left with disabilities. In addition to the sequelae of acute neuronal damage, the 1-year post-stroke dementia (PSD) rates after first-ever and recurrent stroke are ~10 and 30...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Novel Homozygous Non-sense Mutation in the Catalytic Domain of MTHFR Causes Severe 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency
Conclusion: We identified a novel non-sense mutation in MTHFR gene in a single Egyptian family with severe MTHFR deficiency. The present investigation is clinically important, as it adds to the growing list of MTHFR mutations, which might help in genetic counseling of families of affected children and proper genotype-phenotype correlation. Background Severe 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR; OMIM 236250) deficiency is a rare inborn error of metabolism and inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. It is a very common disorder of folate metabolism and is clinically characterized with low plasma methion...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Editorial: Telomeres and Epigenetics in Endocrinology
This study was hypothesis-driven; the genetic variants were selected for being previously and substantially genotyped. The big sample size and the rich panel of other biomarkers allowed the authors to conduct much more detailed analyses on this topic. The third article by Provenzi et al. proposed their perspectives on the role of telomeres in premature birth and discussed the potential implications for early adversity and care in the neonatal intensive care unit (Pavanello et al.). Indeed, the speculation of telomeres in aging begins in the premature aging syndrome. It is thus interesting to examine if telomeres also play...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 23, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Anxiety in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors and Effects on Functional Status
Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are the major correlates of PSA while more severe PSA is associated with poorer ADL and health-related QOL. Acute lesions involving CHWM may correlate with PSA in ischemic stroke patients with mild-to-moderate neurologic deficits, supporting a lesion-location hypothesis in PSA.IntroductionAnxiety is prevalent after stroke and occurs in about one-quarter of stroke survivors (1, 2). Poststroke anxiety (PSA) may have a negative impact on quality of life (QOL) of stroke survivors, affecting their rehabilitation (3). Furthermore, one prospective study found that severe anxiety symptoms were assoc...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Uninterrupted edoxaban vs. vitamin K antagonists for ablation of atrial fibrillation: the ELIMINATE-AF trial
ConclusionUninterrupted edoxaban therapy represents an alternative to uninterrupted VKA treatment in patients undergoing AF ablation.
Source: European Heart Journal - April 11, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Lower-extremity Dynamometry as a Novel Outcome Measure in a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Feasibility Trial of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) for HIV-associated Myelopathy
Conclusion: We conclude that an adequately powered clinical trial of IVIG for HIVM would likely require a prolonged recruitment period and multiple participating sites. Lower limb dynamometry is a useful outcome measure for HIVM, which might also be useful in other HIV-related gait disorders. KEYWORDS: Dynamometry, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), myelopathy INTRODUCTION Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated myelopathy (HIVM) is a rare but well-described neurologic complication of HIV; it was first described early in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, and i...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - February 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools Current Issue Demyelinating Disease Movement Disorders Neurodegenerative Disease Neurology Original Research Primary Care Technology Trial Methodology Dynamometry human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) intravenous immu Source Type: research

The risk of ischaemic stroke in primary antiphospholipid syndrome patients: a prospective study
ConclusionsPatients with PAPS, including young patients, have a high risk of recurrent thrombosis despite anticoagulation treatment. A careful risk assessment is mandatory to identify patients at risk for recurrence.
Source: European Journal of Neurology - December 2, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: M. Radin, K. Schreiber, I. Cecchi, D. Roccatello, M. J. Cuadrado, S. Sciascia Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Rationale and design of AXAFA-AFNET 5: an investigator-initiated, randomized, open, blinded outcome assessment, multi-centre trial to comparing continuous apixaban to vitamin K antagonists in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation catheter ablation
Conclusion</div>The results of AXAFA-AFNET 5 will provide evidence informing about the safety of apixaban in ablation patients and on its efficacy including effects on silent brain lesions. AXAFA – AFNET 5 is an investigator-initiated trial sponsored by AFNET. The trial is supported by the DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) and by the BMBF (German Ministry of Education and Research) and by Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer Alliance.</span>
Source: Europace - October 13, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

What Genetics are Associated with Multiple Sclerosis?
Discussion Multiple sclerosis (MS) is “a chronic degenerative, often episodic disease of the central nervous system marked by patchy destruction of the myelin that surrounds and insulates nerve fibers, usually appearing in young adulthood and manifested by one or more mild to severe neural and muscular impairments, as spastic weakness in one or more limbs, local sensory losses, bladder dysfunction, or visual disturbances.” It is a chronic disease and therefore symptoms must occur more than once. The first episode is called an acute demyelinating attack. Fifteen to forty-five percent of children with their first...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - April 4, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Neurological damage after transcatheter aortic valve implantation compared with surgical aortic valve replacement in intermediate risk patients
Conclusions TAVI and SAVR were associated with a similar rate of acute silent ischemic cerebral lesions in intermediate risk patients. Although acute lesions occurred very frequently in both strategies, their cognitive impact was not clinically relevant.
Source: Clinical Research in Cardiology - December 8, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

The Clinical Relevance of Microbleeds in Stroke study (CROMIS‐2): rationale, design, and methods
Background and rationaleThe increasing use of oral anticoagulants, mostly to prevent ischemic stroke due to atrial fibrillation in an ageing population, has been associated with a fivefold increased incidence of oral anticoagulant‐associated intracerebral hemorrhage: a rare, serious, and unpredictable complication. We hypothesize that cerebral microbleeds and other markers of cerebral small vessel disease on magnetic resonance imaging, and genetic polymorphisms (e.g. influencing cerebral small vessel integrity or anticoagulation stability), are associated with an increased risk of oral anticoagulant‐associated intracer...
Source: International Journal of Stroke - August 2, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Andreas Charidimou, Duncan Wilson, Clare Shakeshaft, Gareth Ambler, Mark White, Hannah Cohen, Tarek Yousry, Rustam Al‐Shahi Salman, Gregory Lip, Henry Houlden, Hans R. Jäger, Martin M. Brown, David J. Werring Tags: Protocol Source Type: research

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