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Total 656 results found since Jan 2013.
Dynamics of fMRI and EEG Parameters in a Stroke Patient Assessed during a Neurofeedback Course Focused on Brodmann Area 4 (M1)
A course of interactive stimulation of primary motor cortex (Brodmann area 4) in the brain of a stroke patient resulted in recovery of locomotion volume in the paretic extremities and in improvement of general health accompanied with diverse changes in cerebral activity. During the training course, the magnitude of response in the visual fields of Brodmann areas 17 and 18 decreased; in parallel, the motor areas were supplemented with other ones such as area 24 (the ventral surface ofanterior cingulate gyrus responsible for self-regulation of human brain activity and implicated into synthesis of tactile and special informat...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 9, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
NIH study implicates hyperactive immune system in aging brain disorders
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) In a study of fruit flies, NIH scientists suggested that the body's immune system may play a critical role in the damage caused by aging brain disorders.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - January 2, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: news
A meta-analysis on associations of CDKN2B-AS variants with atherosclerotic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases
ConclusionsOur findings suggested that rs1333040, rs1333049, rs2383206, rs2383207, rs10757274 and rs10757278 variants may be associated with susceptibility to CAD, whereas rs2383206 and rs10757274 variants may be associated with susceptibility to IS.
Source: Life Sciences - December 28, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Dynamic flight stability of hovering mosquitoes
Publication date: Available online 28 December 2018Source: Journal of Theoretical BiologyAuthor(s): Longgui Liu, Mao SunAbstractThe flight of mosquitoes is unusual compared with many other insects, such as fruit-flies and honey bees: mosquitoes fly with their legs spread; they also have rather short stroke amplitude, hence use different aerodynamic mechanisms to produce lift. Could their flight-stability properties be different from those of other insects? Here, we first measured wing kinematics and morphological parameters of two hovering mosquitoes, and then use computational fluid dynamics to compute the aerodynamic der...
Source: Journal of Theoretical Biology - December 28, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Cell death mechanisms in stroke and novel molecular and cellular treatment options
(Bentham Science Publishers) As a result of ischemia or hemorrhage, blood supply to neurons is disrupted which subsequently promotes a cascade of pathophysiological responses resulting in cell loss. This review will explore the most updated cellular death mechanisms leading to neuronal loss in stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - December 28, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Statins are more effective for those who follow the Mediterranean diet
(Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed I.R.C.C.S.) For those who have already had a heart attack or a stroke, the combination of statins and Mediterranean Diet appears to be the most effective choice to reduce the risk of mortality, especially from cardiovascular causes. It is the result of an Italian study conducted at the I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy on over 1,000 adults recruited in the Moli-sani Study, published in the International Journal of Cardiology.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - December 21, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
The protective effect of zeranol in cerebral ischemia reperfusion via p-CREB overexpression
The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of zeranol against cerebral ischemia reperfusion in ovariectomized rats.Main methods36 female wistar rats divided in to 3 groups: sham group, I/R group (where I/R was induced 7 weeks after ovariectomy), zeranol group (0.5 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 weeks before I/R). Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) was performed by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion then de-ligated to restore blood flow. After 24 h of reperfusion, rats performed cylinder test to evaluate behavioral dysfunction followed by decapitation. Brain tissues were collected f...
Source: Life Sciences - December 12, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Research to identify and target high blood pressure indicators
(University of Plymouth) High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a leading cause of stroke and heart attacks worldwide -- and one in four people have it. Now new research led by the University of Plymouth could identify how to target this condition and other blood vessel problems.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - December 10, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Ascending flight and decelerating vertical glides in Anna's hummingbirds RESEARCH ARTICLE
Victor Manuel Ortega-Jimenez and Robert Dudley
Hummingbirds are observationally well known for their capacity to vertically ascend whilst hovering, but the underlying mechanics and possible energetic limits to ascent rates are unclear. Decelerations during vertical ascent to a fixed target may also be associated with specific visual responses to regulate the body's trajectory. Here, we studied climbing flight and subsequent deceleration in male Anna's hummingbirds (Calypte anna) over an approximately 2 m vertical distance. Birds reached vertical speeds and accelerations up to ~4 m s–1 and 10 m s&...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - December 10, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Ortega-Jimenez, V. M., Dudley, R. Tags: Comparative biomechanics of movement RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Using a shell as a wing: pairing of dissimilar appendages in atlantiid heteropod swimming SHORT COMMUNICATION
Ferhat Karakas, Daniel D'Oliveira, Amy E. Maas, and David W. Murphy
Atlantiid heteropods are zooplanktonic marine snails which have a calcium carbonate shell and single swimming fin. They actively swim to hunt prey and vertically migrate. Previous accounts of atlantiid heteropod swimming described these animals sculling with the swimming fin while the shell passively hung beneath the body. Here, we show, via high-speed stereophotogrammetric measurements of body, fin and shell kinematics, that the atlantiid heteropod Atlanta selvagensis actively flaps both the swimming fin and shell in a highly coordinated wing-like manner...
Source: Journal of Experimental Biology - December 7, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Karakas, F., D'Oliveira, D., Maas, A. E., Murphy, D. W. Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Geckos Race Across the Water's Surface Using Multiple Mechanisms.
Abstract
Acrobatic geckos can sprint at high speeds over challenging terrain [1], scamper up the smoothest surfaces [2], rapidly swing underneath leaves [3], and right themselves in midair by swinging only their tails [4, 5]. From our field observations, we can add racing on the water's surface to the gecko's list of agile feats. Locomotion at the air-water interface evolved in over a thousand species, including insects, fish, reptiles, and mammals [6]. To support their weight, some larger-legged vertebrates use forces generated by vigorous slapping of the fluid's surface followed by a stroke of their appendage [...
Source: Current Biology - December 3, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Nirody JA, Jinn J, Libby T, Lee TJ, Jusufi A, Hu DL, Full RJ Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research
NRF2 and NF-қB interplay in Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Approaches
Publication date: Available online 28 November 2018Source: Redox BiologyAuthor(s): Farzane Sivandzade, Shikha Prasad, Aditya Bhalerao, Luca CuculloAbstractElectrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in modulating cellular defense mechanisms as well as physiological functions, and intracellular signaling. However, excessive ROS generation (endogenous and exogenous) can create a state of redox imbalance leading to cellular and tissue damage 1. A growing body of research data strongly suggests that imbalanced ROS and electrophile overproduction are among the major prodromal factors in the onset and progr...
Source: Redox Biology - November 29, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Trigonelline therapy confers neuroprotection by reduced glutathione mediated myeloperoxidase expression in animal model of ischemic stroke
Publication date: Available online 7 November 2018Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Kanta Pravalika, Deepaneeta Sarmah, Harpreet Kaur, Kanchan Vats, Jackson Saraf, Madhuri Wanve, Kiran Kalia, Anupom Borah, Dileep R. Yavagal, Kunjan R. Dave, Pallab BhattacharyaAbstractAimStroke is devastating with a limited choice of intervention. Many pharmacological entities are available but none of them have evolved successfully in counteracting the multifaceted molecular alterations following stroke. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been reported to play an important role in neuroinflammation following neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, usi...
Source: Life Sciences - November 8, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: research
New gene therapy reprograms brain glial cells into neurons
(Penn State) A new gene therapy can turn certain brain glial cells into functioning neurons, which in turn could help repair the brain after a stroke or during neurological disorders like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - November 5, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
Stem cells can differentiate into neurons and may be useful post-stroke therapeutics
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News) Researchers have performed a careful comparison between locally generated, ischemia-induced, multipotent stem cells (iSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in an effort to determine which cell type has greater central nervous system (CNS) repair capacity.
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - October 26, 2018 Category: Biology Source Type: news
