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Total 446 results found since Jan 2013.

Liraglutide improves cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure
ConclusionsThese data provide evidence that treatment with liraglutide is associated with improvement of cardiac function and functional capacity in failing post-ischemic type-2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Source: Endocrine - November 8, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Effects of Glucose-Lowering Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes: New Drugs in Perspective.
Abstract PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review the results of clinical trials assessing the cardiovascular effects of drugs for type 2 diabetes and the cardiovascular effects of newer available drugs. METHODS: We performed a detailed search of PubMed-listed publications, reports from international meetings, and ongoing studies from clinical trials.gov. FINDINGS: Currently available drugs have neutral or, in some cases, negative effects on cardiovascular outcomes. Modern sulfonylureas appear to be safe, although the biguanide metformin has a slightly better cardiovascular safety profile than th...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - November 14, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Thompson PL, Davis TM Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Existing evidence is insufficient to justify metformin or other agents as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes
Commentary on: Palmer SC, Mavridis D, Nicolucci A, et al.. Comparison of clinical outcomes and adverse events associated with glucose-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2016;316:313–324 . Context A broad consensus supports the use of metformin as first-line therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes. Clinicians and patients, however, may be interested in using newer antihyperglycaemic drugs as first-line treatment, but their relative advantages to metformin—beyond burden of treatment and hypoglycaemic potential—remain uncertain. The systematic review by Palmer et al soug...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - November 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Rodriguez-Gutierrez, R., Montori, V. M. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Ischaemic heart disease, Diabetes Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

Antidiabetic agents and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart diseases.
This article reviews evidence of benefits and risk of antidiabetic agents in cardiovascular (CV) outcomes, with a focus on medications approved by the FDA since 2008. Peer-reviewed articles were identified from MEDLINE and Current Content database (both 1966 to October 1, 2016) using the search terms insulin, metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, glyburide, glipizide, glimepiride, acarbose, miglitol, albiglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, dulaglutide, pramlintide, meglitinide, alogliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, colesevalam, bromocriptine, mortality,...
Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion - January 19, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Curr Med Res Opin Source Type: research

Integration of recent evidence into management of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes
Publication date: Available online 26 January 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Eberhard Standl, Oliver Schnell, Darren K McGuire, Antonio Ceriello, Lars Rydén Cardiovascular outcome trials of antihyperglycaemic drugs and non-statin LDL-cholesterol-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes who have, or who are at high risk of, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease have provided new evidence that has substantially affected the management of cardiovascular risk in these patients. On the basis of proven cardiovascular and renal benefit, the antihyperglycaemic drugs empagliflozin, lira...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - January 25, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Hemopericardium under dabigatran for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation
We report a polymorbid 75-year old male under a therapy with dabigatran, valsartan, amlodipine, nicorandil, furosemide, atorvastatin, bisoprolol, metformin, tizanidine, pantoprazole, and tramadol. He suffered from chest pain for 4 months. Coronary angiography showed only ectatic coronary arteries. He started taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. He was hospitalized because of dyspnea starting 10 days before admission, melena, and renal failure. Hemopericardium was diagnosed and pericardiocentesis yielded 2000 ml hemorrhagic fluid. Review of previous echocardiograms showed a 4 mm echo-free space, epicardial fat o...
Source: Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis - February 11, 2017 Category: Hematology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Patient-centered Outcomes with Concomitant Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Other Drugs.
Abstract PURPOSE: We performed a systematic review of patient-centered outcomes after the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and other drugs. METHODS: We searched 4 databases in July 2016 to find studies that reported mortality and morbidity after the concomitant use of PPIs and other drugs. We conducted direct meta-analyses using a random-effects model and graded the quality of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group approach. FINDINGS: We included data from 17 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 16 randomized controlled t...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - February 8, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shamliyan TA, Middleton M, Borst C Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Role of Nrf2 and protective effects of Metformin against tobacco smoke-induced cerebrovascular toxicity
Publication date: August 2017 Source:Redox Biology, Volume 12 Author(s): Shikha Prasad, Ravi K. Sajja, Mohammad Abul Kaisar, Jee Hyun Park, Heidi Villalba, Taylor Liles, Thomas Abbruscato, Luca Cucullo Cigarette smoking (CS) is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in a causative way primarily related to the TS content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nicotine, and inflammation. TS promotes glucose intolerance and increases the risk of developing type-2 diabetes mellitus (2DM) with which it shares other pathogenic traits including the high risk of cerebrovascular and neurological disorders like stroke via ROS ...
Source: Redox Biology - February 15, 2017 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Substance found in red wine 'helps fight ageing'
Conclusion Resveratrol has been of interest to anti-ageing scientists for many years and researchers have previously shown it may be linked to a slowing of the decline in thinking and movement, at least in rodents. This study suggests a possible way this might happen. But the results don't tell us anything about what happens in humans. They suggest this substance may be useful for further research in humans at some point. They certainly don't provide a reason to drink gallons of red wine, in the hope of seeing an anti-ageing effect. Drinking too much alcohol is a sure-fire way to speed up deterioration of thinking skills,...
Source: NHS News Feed - March 8, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Lifestyle/exercise Neurology Source Type: news

Cardiovascular events associated with second ‐line anti‐diabetes treatments: analysis of real‐world Korean data
ConclusionAnalysis of Korea National Health Insurance database showed that MET + DPP4i treatment for diabetes had a lower CVD risk than MET + SU treatment.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Diabetic Medicine - May 19, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: K. H. Ha, B. Kim, H. Choi, D. J. Kim, H. C. Kim Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Early Glycemic Control and Magnitude of HbA1c Reduction Predict Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: Population-Based Cohort Study of 24,752 Metformin Initiators
CONCLUSIONS A large initial HbA1c reduction and achievement of low HbA1c levels within 6 months after metformin initiation are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and death in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Source: Diabetes Care - May 22, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Svensson, E.; Baggesen, L. M.; Johnsen, S. P.; Pedersen, L.; Norrelund, H.; Buhl, E. S.; Haase, C. L.; Thomsen, R. W. Tags: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk Source Type: research

Metformin Attenuates Neurological Deficit after Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Inhibiting Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Rats.
Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can lead to brain damage and even death, and there is lack of effective therapeutic methods for treating ICH. Although recent studies have focused on the administration of metformin in treating stroke, there is no literature to support whether it can be used to treat ICH. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of metformin on ICH and the underlying mechanisms of those effects. An ICH model was established in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, ICH group, and ICH+metformin group. The neurobeh...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 29, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Qi B, Hu L, Zhu L, Shang L, Wang X, Liu N, Wen N, Hong Y, Fang D Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Metformin Alleviated the Neuronal Oxidative Stress in Hippocampus of Rats under Single Prolonged Stress
AbstractIn an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), our previous studies showed mitochondrial stress-induced apoptosis in the hippocampus. Metformin, the most commonly prescribed anti-diabetic drug, exerts its effects through 5 ′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. It was shown that a neuroprotective role was gradually established against stroke, spinal cord injury and Parkinson’s disease. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the AMPK pathway in neuronal apoptosis in the hipp ocampus using a rat model of PTSD. The model PTSD rats received acute exposure to pr...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - July 27, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Cardiovascular benefits and safety of non-insulin medications used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Authors: Yandrapalli S, Jolly G, Horblitt A, Sanaani A, Aronow WS Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a growing in exponential proportions. If the current growth trend continues, it may result in every third adult in the United States having diabetes mellitus by 2050, and every 10(th) adult worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) confers a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events compared with non-diabetic patients, and CV mortality is responsible for around 80% mortality in this population. Patients with T2DM can have other features of insulin resistance-metabolic syndrome like hypertension, lipid ab...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - July 29, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

Benefits of SGLT2 Inhibitors beyond glycemic control - A focus on metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrate some positive metabolic effects. In addition, empagliflozin specifically has demonstrated reduction in cardiovascular events and delay in the progression of kidney disease in patients with T2DM and a history of cardiovascular disease. Further data is needed to assess if this is a class effect. PMID: 28814245 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Diabetes Reviews - August 16, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Minze MG, Will K, Terrell BT, Black RL, Irons BK Tags: Curr Diabetes Rev Source Type: research