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Cancer: Leukemia

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Total 266 results found since Jan 2013.

Transfusion strategy in hematological intensive care unit: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background: Packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion is required in hematology patients treated with chemotherapy for acute leukemia, autologous (auto) or allogeneic (allo) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In certain situations like septic shock, hip surgery, coronary disease or gastrointestinal hemorrhage, a restrictive transfusion strategy is associated with a reduction of infection and death. A transfusion strategy using a single PRBC unit has been retrospectively investigated and showed a safe reduction of PRBC consumption and costs. We therefore designed a study to prospectively demonstrate that the tra...
Source: Trials - November 23, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sylvain ChantepieJean-Baptiste MearLydia GuittetBenoît DervauxJean-Pierre MarolleauFabrice JardinJean-Jacques DutheilJean-Jacques ParientiJean-Pierre VilqueOumedaly Reman Source Type: research

Cervical aspergillosis with dissemination to the central nervous system: Case reports and review of the literature.
CONCLUSION: IA must be considered a possibility whenever an immunocompromised patient presents with a new brain lesion. These lesions require surgical evacuation, a procedure that allows for diagnostic confirmation and enhances prognosis. Appropriate anti-fungal therapy must be started as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed. In addition, the patient's neurological exam must be repeated and images obtained periodically to monitor treatment and detect possible recurrences. PMID: 26600985 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Surgical Neurology International - November 25, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Surg Neurol Int Source Type: research

Statistical methods for studying disease subtype heterogeneity
A fundamental goal of epidemiologic research is to investigate the relationship between exposures and disease risk. Cases of the disease are often considered a single outcome and assumed to share a common etiology. However, evidence indicates that many human diseases arise and evolve through a range of heterogeneous molecular pathologic processes, influenced by diverse exposures. Pathogenic heterogeneity has been considered in various neoplasms such as colorectal, lung, prostate, and breast cancers, leukemia and lymphoma, and non‐neoplastic diseases, including obesity, type II diabetes, glaucoma, stroke, cardiovascular d...
Source: Statistics in Medicine - December 1, 2015 Category: Statistics Authors: Molin Wang, Donna Spiegelman, Aya Kuchiba, Paul Lochhead, Sehee Kim, Andrew T. Chan, Elizabeth M. Poole, Rulla Tamimi, Shelley S. Tworoger, Edward Giovannucci, Bernard Rosner, Shuji Ogino Tags: Tutorial in Biostatistics Source Type: research

Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Protects Neurons from Ischemic Damage via Upregulation of Superoxide Dismutase 3
Abstract Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to protect oligodendrocytes from ischemia by upregulating endogenous antioxidants. The goal of this study was to determine whether LIF protects neurons during stroke by upregulating superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3). Animals were administered phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or 125 μg/kg LIF at 6, 24, and 48 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham surgery. Neurons were isolated from rat pups on embryonic day 18 and used between 7 and 15 days in culture. Cells were treated with LIF and/or 10 μM Akt inhibitor IV with PBS and 0.1 % DMSO acting as veh...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 9, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

2016 Moon Shot for Cancer: Focus on Prevention
It is now 2016, and Americans hope for a brighter, healthier new year. Are Americans healthier today than they were last year or the year before? Will there be fewer people diagnosed with cancer? According to the American Cancer Society, it is projected that in 2016 there will be 1,685,210 new cancer cases and 595,690 deaths due to cancer. This is an increase over previous years. While it is true that the death rate for several cancers has decreased (due mostly to better screening and earlier diagnosis), it is also true that several cancers are on the rise, including cancers of the thyroid, liver, pancreas, kidney, small i...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 1, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Sig1R Stimulates Cancer Cell Invasiveness
In this study, we found that Sig1R dynamically controls the membrane expression of the human voltage-dependent K+ channel human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) in myeloid leukemia and colorectal cancer cell lines. Sig1R promoted the formation of hERG/β1-integrin signaling complexes upon extracellular matrix stimulation, triggering the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Consequently, the presence of Sig1R in cancer cells increased motility and VEGF secretion. In vivo, Sig1R expression enhanced the aggressiveness of tumor cells by potentiating invasion and angiogenesis, leading to poor survival. Collectively, our findin...
Source: Cancer Research - January 31, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Crottes, D., Rapetti–Mauss, R., Alcaraz–Perez, F., Tichet, M., Gariano, G., Martial, S., Guizouarn, H., Pellissier, B., Loubat, A., Popa, A., Paquet, A., Presta, M., Tartare–Deckert, S., Cayuela, M. L., Martin, P., Borgese, F., Soriani, Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research

Severe Cerebral Vasospasm and Childhood Arterial Ischemic Stroke After Intrathecal Cytarabine
We report on 2 patients who developed widespread cerebral vasospasm and arterial ischemic strokes (AIS) after application of intrathecal (IT) cytarabine. In a 3-year-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), left leg weakness, hyperreflexia, and clonus were noted 4 days after her first dose of IT cytarabine during the induction phase of her chemotherapy. Cerebral MRI revealed multiple acute cerebral ischemic infarcts and widespread cerebral vasospasm. A 5-year-old girl complained of right arm and leg pain and began limping 11 days after IT cytarabine. Symptoms progressed to right dense hemiplegia, left gaze deviat...
Source: PEDIATRICS - February 1, 2016 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Tibussek, D., Natesirinilkul, R., Sun, L. R., Wasserman, B. A., Brandao, L. R., deVeber, G. Tags: Hematology/Oncology, Cancer/Neoplastic, Neurology, Neurologic Disorders Case Report Source Type: research

Medical Research: The Best Investment We Can Make in Our Future
While the cure for cancer has been elusive, President Obama's National Cancer Moonshot initiative offers renewed hope that we could see breakthroughs in prevention, detection, and treatment for a disease that affects millions of Americans and their families. The cancer moonshot is the latest demonstration that Washington understands the potential for medical research to change lives and improve the health of all Americans. It builds on the bipartisan support we saw last fall when House and Senate negotiators agreed on a $2 billion budget increase for medical research through the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Today,...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - February 18, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Transient ischemic attack as an unusual initial manifestation of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Abstract Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) are prone to both bleeding and thrombosis. Both of these have a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality of patients with this disease. Here we report a case of a 41-year-old male, who presented with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and early neurological deterioration (END) as initial manifestations prior to an ultimate diagnosis of APL. This patient had no cerebrovascular risk factors or familial cerebrovascular disease. The patient experienced an acute ischemic stroke, verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in less than 24 h after his sec...
Source: International Journal of Hematology - March 16, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Liu L, Yuan X Tags: Int J Hematol Source Type: research

Off-Hour Admission and Mortality Risk for 28 Specific Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 251 Cohorts Epidemiology
Conclusions Off-hour admission is associated with increased mortality risk, and the associations varied substantially for different diseases. Specialists, nurses, as well as hospital administrators and health policymakers can take these findings into consideration to improve the quality and continuity of medical services.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhou, Y., Li, W., Herath, C., Xia, J., Hu, B., Song, F., Cao, S., Lu, Z. Tags: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Health Services, Meta Analysis, Mortality/Survival Source Type: research

Daily low-dose aspirin may help combat cancer
Conclusion The systematic review looked at 47 studies and attempted to combine the results, looking for evidence of a beneficial effect of low-dose aspirin on risk of death in people already diagnosed with cancer. The few RCTs identified – the best-quality evidence – did not provide conclusive evidence that aspirin improves survival rates. The rest of the studies were observational in nature, so cannot prove that aspirin reduces the risk of death from cancer. The only significant results were for a 24% reduction in risk of death from colon cancer, and a possible 11% reduced risk of death from prostate cancer. However,...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 22, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer Medication Source Type: news

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profiles in Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Cancer: The Kaiser Permanente AYA Cancer Survivors Study Epidemiology
Conclusion Survivors of AYA cancer are at increased risk for developing CVD. Survival after CVD onset is compromised, and CVRFs are independent modifiers of CVD risk. These data form the basis for identifying high-risk individuals and proactive management of CVRFs.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - May 2, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chao, Xu, Bhatia, Cooper, Brar, Wong, Armenian Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Utility of Global Longitudinal Strain by Echocardiography to Detect Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Long-Term Adult Survivors of Childhood Lymphoma and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Measuring left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) is recommended in screening of long-term cancer survivors for cardiotoxicity. However, there are limited data on GLS in this setting, in particular in survivors with apparently normal LV function without risk factors of impaired GLS. In the present study, we measured GLS in 191 adult survivors of childhood lymphoma or acute lymphoblastic leukemia, with normal LV ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), and without known hypertension, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction or stroke.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - May 13, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jon R. Christiansen, Richard Massey, Håvard Dalen, Adriani Kanellopoulos, Hanne Hamre, Sophie D. Fosså, Ellen Ruud, Cecilie E. Kiserud, Svend Aakhus Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation, anticoagulant stroke prophylaxis and bleeding risk with ibrutinib therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphoproliferative disorders
Source: British Journal of Haematology - September 8, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Stephen P. Mulligan, Christopher M. Ward, David Whalley, Sarah N. Hilmer Tags: Editorial Comment Source Type: research