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Risk factors for the development of chest infections in acute stroke: a systematic review.
CONCLUSION: Evidence has been comprehensively synthesized to provide reliable estimates of the association between important risk factors and chest infection. Monitoring patients meeting these criteria may promote early identification and treatment to improve long-term outcomes. PMID: 30028658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation - July 20, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Chapman C, Morgan P, Cadilhac DA, Purvis T, Andrew NE Tags: Top Stroke Rehabil Source Type: research

Lifestyle Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack in Young Adults in the Stroke in Young Fabry Patients Study Original Contributions
Conclusions— In this large European cohort of young patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular events, modifiable risk factors were highly prevalent, particularly in men and older patients. These data emphasize the need for vigorous primary and secondary prevention measures already in young populations targeting modifiable lifestyle vascular risk factors. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT00414583.
Source: Stroke - December 24, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: von Sarnowski, B., Putaala, J., Grittner, U., Gaertner, B., Schminke, U., Curtze, S., Huber, R., Tanislav, C., Lichy, C., Demarin, V., Basic-Kes, V., Ringelstein, E. B., Neumann-Haefelin, T., Enzinger, C., Fazekas, F., Rothwell, P. M., Dichgans, M., Junge Tags: Risk Factors, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Primary and Secondary Stroke Prevention, Risk Factors for Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Effect of High-Dose Atorvastatin on Renal Function in Subjects With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in the SPARCL Trial Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— This post hoc analysis suggests that atorvastatin treatment may improve renal function in patients with prior stroke or transient ischemic attack with and without chronic kidney disease, and that atorvastatin treatment may prevent eGFR decline in patients with stroke and diabetes mellitus. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00147602.
Source: Stroke - September 22, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Amarenco, P., Callahan, A., Campese, V. M., Goldstein, L. B., Hennerici, M. G., Messig, M., Sillesen, H., Welch, K. M. A., Wilson, D. J., Zivin, J. A. Tags: Lipids, Secondary prevention, Cerebrovascular disease/stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Vascular Risk Factor Profiles Differ Between Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Defined Subtypes of Younger-Onset Lacunar Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—In this magnetic resonance imaging–verified lacunar stroke population, we identified a distinct risk factor profile in the group as a whole. However, there were differing risk factor profiles according to the presence of multiple lacunar infarcts and confluent WMH. The association of hypertension, smoking, and renal impairment with the presence of multiple lacunar infarcts and confluent WMH might reflect a diffuse small vessel arteriopathy.
Source: Stroke - August 28, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Loes C.A. Rutten-Jacobs, Hugh S. Markus Tags: Risk Factors, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Residential Proximity to Major Roadways and Risk of Incident Ischemic Stroke in NOMAS (The Northern Manhattan Study) Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—In this urban multiethnic cohort, we found evidence supporting that within-city variation in residential proximity to major roadway is associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke. An individual’s smoking history modified this association, with the association remaining only among participants not currently smokers.
Source: Stroke - March 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Erin R. Kulick, Gregory A. Wellenius, Amelia K. Boehme, Ralph L. Sacco, Mitchell S. Elkind Tags: Aging, Cardiovascular Disease, Risk Factors, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Smoking and Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Young Men Brief Report
We examined the dose–response relationship between the quantity of cigarettes smoked and the odds of developing an ischemic stroke in men under age 50 years.Methods—The Stroke Prevention in Young Men Study is a population-based case–control study of risk factors for ischemic stroke in men ages 15 to 49 years. The χ2 test was used to test categorical comparisons. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratio for ischemic stroke occurrence comparing current and former smokers to never smokers. In the first model, we adjusted solely for age. In the second model, we adjusted for potential confounding ...
Source: Stroke - April 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Janina Markidan, John W. Cole, Carolyn A. Cronin, Jose G. Merino, Michael S. Phipps, Marcella A. Wozniak, Steven J. Kittner Tags: Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Secondary Prevention, Ischemic Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Diabetes Mellitus: A Risk Factor for Ischemic Stroke in a Large Biracial Population Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Those with diabetes mellitus remain at greatly increased risk for stroke at all ages, especially <65 years, regardless of race. The rates and risk ratios for 1999 and 2005, although similar to those previously reported for the mid-1990s, take on increased significance, given the epidemic of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome throughout the US and the world.
Source: Stroke - May 24, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Khoury, J. C., Kleindorfer, D., Alwell, K., Moomaw, C. J., Woo, D., Adeoye, O., Flaherty, M. L., Khatri, P., Ferioli, S., Broderick, J. P., Kissela, B. M. Tags: Other diabetes, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Risk Factors for Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Blood Pressure Control among Stroke Patients in Thailand—The i-STROKE Study
Background: Direct correlation between stroke mortality and hypertension calls for a tight blood pressure (BP) control. Our study determined the prevalence of the BP control and evaluated current clinical practices on hypertension management in stroke patients in Thailand.Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study was carried out between February 2010 and January 2011 and enrolled stroke patients aged 45 years or older with ictus incidence 12,030 days before the enrollment. The events were confirmed by either computerized tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging. Patient data incl...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - June 24, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Samart Nidhinandana, Disya Ratanakorn, Nijasri Charnnarong, Sombat Muengtaweepongsa, Somchai Towanabut, i-STROKE Investigators Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Cost-Effectiveness of Oral Anticoagulants for Ischemic Stroke Prophylaxis Among Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— All the newer oral anticoagulants compared were more effective than adjusted dosed warfarin. Our model showed that apixaban was the most effective anticoagulant in a general atrial fibrillation population and has an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio <$50 000/QALY. For those with higher stroke risk (CHADS2≥3), dabigatran was the most cost-effective treatment option.
Source: Stroke - May 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Shah, A., Shewale, A., Hayes, C. J., Martin, B. C. Tags: Anticoagulants, Cost-Effectiveness, Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Type of Anesthesia and Differences in Clinical Outcome After Intra-Arterial Treatment for Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— Our study suggests that patients with AIS of the anterior circulation undergoing IAT without GA have a higher probability of good clinical outcome compared with patients treated with general anesthesia.
Source: Stroke - April 27, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: van den Berg, L. A., Koelman, D. L. H., Berkhemer, O. A., Rozeman, A. D., Fransen, P. S. S., Beumer, D., Dippel, D. W., van der Lugt, A., van Oostenbrugge, R. J., van Zwam, W. H., Brouwer, P. A., Jenniskens, S., Boiten, J., Lycklama a Nijeholt, G. A., Vos Tags: Acute Cerebral Infarction, Emergency treatment of Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Corneal Confocal Microscopy Detects Corneal Nerve Damage in Patients Admitted With Acute Ischemic Stroke Clinical Sciences
Background and Purpose—Corneal confocal microscopy can identify corneal nerve damage in patients with peripheral and central neurodegeneration. However, the use of corneal confocal microscopy in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke is unknown.Methods—One hundred thirty patients (57 without diabetes mellitus [normal glucose tolerance], 32 with impaired glucose tolerance, and 41 with type 2 diabetes mellitus) admitted with acute ischemic stroke, and 28 age-matched healthy control participants underwent corneal confocal microscopy to quantify corneal nerve fiber density, corneal nerve branch density, and corneal...
Source: Stroke - October 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Adnan Khan, Naveed Akhtar, Saadat Kamran, Georgios Ponirakis, Ioannis N. Petropoulos, Nahel A. Tunio, Soha R. Dargham, Yahia Imam, Faheem Sartaj, Aijaz Parray, Paula Bourke, Rabia Khan, Mark Santos, Sujatha Joseph, Ashfaq Shuaib, Rayaz A. Malik Tags: Translational Studies, Imaging, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Early New Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Lesions Appear More Often in Stroke Patients With a Multiple Territory Lesion Pattern Clinical Sciences
Conclusion— Lesion pattern on initial image is an independent risk factor for new DWI lesions. The risk for new DWI lesions is highest in patients with multiple territory lesion pattern.
Source: Stroke - July 22, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Braemswig, T. B., Usnich, T., Albach, F. N., Brunecker, P., Grittner, U., Scheitz, J. F., Fiebach, J. B., Nolte, C. H. Tags: CT and MRI, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Computerized tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pathology of Stroke Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Comparison of Clinical Risk Stratification for Predicting Stroke and Thromboembolism in Atrial Fibrillation Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— A direct comparison of 9 risk schemes reveals no profound differences in risk stratification accuracy for high-risk patients. Accurate prediction of low-risk patients is perhaps more valuable in determining those unlikely to benefit from oral anticoagulation therapy. Among our cohort, CHA2DS2-VASc performed best in this purpose.
Source: Stroke - January 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Aakre, C. A., McLeod, C. J., Cha, S. S., Tsang, T. S. M., Lip, G. Y. H., Gersh, B. J. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Arrhythmias, clinical electrophysiology, drugs, Embolic stroke, Anticoagulants Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Association Between Carotid Bulb Diaphragm and Ischemic Stroke in Young Afro-Caribbean Patients: A Population-Based Case-Control Study Brief Reports
Conclusions— CBD is associated with an increased risk of ipsilateral CIS in young Afro-Caribbean population.
Source: Stroke - September 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Joux, J., Boulanger, M., Jeannin, S., Chausson, N., Hennequin, J.-L., Molinie, V., Smadja, D., Touze, E., Olindo, S. Tags: Epidemiology, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Diabetes Mellitus, Admission Glucose, and Outcomes After Stroke Thrombolysis: A Registry and Systematic Review Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— These results confirm that AGL and history of diabetes mellitus are associated with poor clinical outcome after thrombolysis. AGL may be a surrogate marker of brain infarction severity rather than a causal factor. However, randomized controlled evidences are needed to address the significance of a tight glucose control during thrombolysis on clinical outcome.
Source: Stroke - June 24, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Desilles, J.-P., Meseguer, E., Labreuche, J., Lapergue, B., Sirimarco, G., Gonzalez-Valcarcel, J., Lavallee, P., Cabrejo, L., Guidoux, C., Klein, I., Amarenco, P., Mazighi, M. Tags: Acute Stroke Syndromes, Thrombolysis Clinical Sciences Source Type: research