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Emerging neuroprotective strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke: An overview of clinical and preclinical studies.
Abstract Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. With the global population aged 65 and over growing faster than all other age groups, the incidence of stroke is also increasing. In addition, there is a shift in the overall stroke burden towards younger age groups, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Stroke in most cases is caused due to an abrupt blockage of an artery (ischemic stroke), but in some instances stroke may be caused due to bleeding into brain tissue when a blood vessel ruptures (hemorrhagic stroke). Although treatment options for stroke ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - October 31, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Paul S, Candelario-Jalil E Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Impacts of medication non-adherence to major modifiable stroke-related diseases on stroke prevention and mortality: a meta-analysis
ConclusionsNon-adherence to medications for the four stroke-related diseases contributes to the development of stroke and/or mortality in primary stroke prevention. More efforts are needed to improve patients ’ medication adherence.
Source: Journal of Neurology - February 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Contemporary Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapies for Secondary Stroke Prevention: A Narrative Review of Current Literature and Guidelines
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2023 Apr 11. doi: 10.1007/s11910-023-01266-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPURPOSE OF REVIEW: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The annual incidence of new or recurrent stroke is approximately 795,000 cases per year in the United States, of which 87% are ischemic in nature. In addition to the management of modifiable high-risk factors to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke, antithrombotic agents (antiplatelets and anticoagulants) play an important role in secondary stroke prevention. This review will discuss the published literature on the use of antiplatelets and antic...
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 10, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kunal Bhatia Lindsey M Ladd Kelsey H Carr Mario Di Napoli Jeffrey L Saver Louise D McCullough Maryam Hosseini Farahabadi Diana L Alsbrook Archana Hinduja Jorge G Ortiz Garcia Sara Y Sabbagh Alibay Jafarli Afshin A Divani Source Type: research

Increased Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels Contribute to Intracerebral Hemorrhage during Thrombolysis after Concomitant Stroke and Influenza Infection
Conclusion: Preexisting influenza A virus infection led to increased plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in mice undergoing thrombolysis after induced stroke. MMP-9 levels closely correlated with intracerebral bleeding after thrombolysis during concomitant infection and stroke. Thus, our data indicate that thrombolysis may be dangerous during influenza infection. MMP-9 inhibitors might be considered to reduce the side effects of thrombolysis during concomitant infection and stroke.Cerebrovasc Dis Extra 2016;6:50-59
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra - August 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Prevention of Stroke with Ticagrelor in Patients with Prior Myocardial Infarction: Insights from PEGASUS-TIMI 54 (Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Prior Heart Attack Using Ticagrelor Compared to Placebo on a Background of Aspirin-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 54).
CONCLUSIONS: High-risk patients with prior myocardial infarction are at risk for stroke, approximately one-third of which are fatal or lead to moderate-to-severe disability. The addition of ticagrelor 60 mg twice daily significantly reduced this risk without an excess of hemorrhagic stroke but with more major bleeding. In high-risk patients with coronary disease, more intensive antiplatelet therapy should be considered not only to reduce the risk of coronary events, but also of stroke. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT01225562. PMID: 27576775 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - August 29, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bonaca MP, Goto S, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Storey RF, Cohen M, Goodrich E, Mauri L, Ophuis TO, Ruda M, Spinar J, Seung KB, Hu DY, Dalby AJ, Jensen EC, Held P, Morrow DA, Braunwald E, Sabatine MS Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Noninfectious complications of acute stroke and their impact on hospital mortality in patients admitted to a stroke unit in Warsaw from 1995 to 2015
Conclusions Over the last two decades Polish urban stroke units may have achieved a significant reduction of the occurrence of some noninfectious complications (i.e. MI, exacerbated CHF and DVT). However, the list of conditions associated with stroke unit mortality includes not only MI and exacerbated CHF but also PE, gastrointestinal bleeding and recurrent stroke.
Source: Polish Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery - September 22, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Source Type: research

TCT 2017: Boston Scientific touts lowered hemorrhagic stroke rate, cost for patients in Watchman studies
Boston Scientific (NYSE:BSX) today released combined 5-year outcomes data from both the Prevail and Protect-AF study of its Watchman left atrial appendage closure device, touting it as a safe and effective an alternative to long-term warfarin therapy for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Five-year data from the Prevail study was published online today in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. In both trials, the Marlborough, Mass.-based company compared the Watchman device to warfarin treatment for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular AF with follow-ups out to five years. A combined an...
Source: Mass Device - November 2, 2017 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Fink Densford Tags: Cardiac Implants Cardiovascular Clinical Trials Boston Scientific Source Type: news

Noninfectious complications of acute stroke and their impact on hospital mortality in patients admitted to a stroke unit in Warsaw from 1995 to 2015
ConclusionsOver the last two decades Polish urban stroke units may have achieved a significant reduction of the occurrence of some noninfectious complications (i.e. MI, exacerbated CHF and DVT). However, the list of conditions associated with stroke unit mortality includes not only MI and exacerbated CHF but also PE, gastrointestinal bleeding and recurrent stroke.
Source: Polish Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery - July 6, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Source Type: research

Technical improvements in carotid revascularization based on the mechanism of procedural stroke.
In conclusion, this review provides an overview of the pathophysiological mechanism of stroke following carotid revascularization (both CAS and CEA) and of the technical improvements that have contributed to reducing this stroke risk. PMID: 30827087 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery - February 28, 2019 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Fassaert LM, de Borst GJ Tags: J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) Source Type: research

Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale to prevent stroke recurrence in patients with otherwise unexplained ischaemic stroke: Expert consensus of the French Neurovascular Society and the French Society of Cardiology.
CONCLUSIONS: Although a big step forward that will benefit many patients has been taken with recent trials, many questions remain unanswered. Pending results from further studies, decision-making regarding management of patients with PFO-associated ischaemic stroke should be based on a close coordination between neurologists/stroke specialists and cardiologists. PMID: 31378692 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases - July 31, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mas JL, Derex L, Guérin P, Guillon B, Habib G, Juliard JM, Marijon E, Massardier E, Meneveau N, Vuillier F Tags: Arch Cardiovasc Dis Source Type: research

Reprint of : Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale to prevent stroke recurrence in patients with otherwise unexplained ischaemic stroke: Expert consensus of the French Neurovascular Society and the French Society of Cardiology.
CONCLUSIONS: Although a big step forward that will benefit many patients has been taken with recent trials, many questions remain unanswered. Pending results from further studies, decision-making regarding management of patients with PFO-associated ischaemic stroke should be based on a close coordination between neurologists/stroke specialists and cardiologists. PMID: 31787326 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Revue Neurologique - December 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Rev Neurol (Paris) Source Type: research

Predicting Adverse Events beyond Stroke and Bleeding with the ABC-Stroke and ABC-Bleeding Scores in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: The Murcia AF Project.
CONCLUSION:  In AF patients, the ABC-stroke and ABC-bleeding scores demonstrated similar predictive ability for outcomes beyond stroke and bleeding, including MI, acute HF, a composite of cardiovascular events, and all-cause deaths. This is consistent with nonspecificity of biomarkers that predict "sick" patients or poor prognosis overall. PMID: 32506417 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Thrombosis and Haemostasis - June 6, 2020 Category: Hematology Authors: Camelo-Castillo A, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Marín F, Vicente V, Lip GYH, Roldán V Tags: Thromb Haemost Source Type: research

Long-Term Anticoagulation in Secondary Ischemic Stroke Prevention: The Prospective Multicenter RESTAIC Registry
Conclusion: Long-term OAC in secondary stroke prevention is associated with a lower frequency of bleeding complications than stroke recurrences. No differences between anticoagulant drugs were found in any of the analyzed outcomes. The main cause for OAC switch during follow-up was stroke recurrence.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: International Expert Panel Review
This study, prepared by a large international panel of stroke experts, assesses the rapidly growing research and personal experience with COVID-19 stroke and offers recommendations for stroke management in this challenging new setting: modifications needed for prehospital emergency rescue and hyperacute care; inpatient intensive or stroke units; posthospitalization rehabilitation; follow-up including at-risk family and community; and multispecialty departmental developments in the allied professions.Summary: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 uses spike proteins binding to tissue angiotensin-converting enz...
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 23, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research