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Cancer: Epithelial Cancer

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SIGN Apps for iPhone and iPad http://itunes.com/apps/signguidelines, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.rootcreative.sign The SIGN app has recently been updated and now contains quick reference guides (QRGs) for:SIGN 136 Management of chronic pain SIGN 135 Management of epithelial ovarian cancer SIGN 134 Treatment of primary breast cancer SIGN 133 Management of hepatitis C The SIGN app has also had a complete re-design and now features:Optimisation for the latest operating systems Re-designed for improved legibility Send pdf button feature Split screen feature (ipad) Prevention of stroke in patients with atr...
Source: Evidence-Based Nursing - June 17, 2014 Category: Nursing Tags: Liver disease, General practice / family medicine, Hepatitis and other GI infections, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Diet, Pregnancy, Reproductive medicine, Breast cancer, Gynecological cancer, Lung cancer (oncology), Radiotherapy Source Type: research

Hemodynamic Consequences of Malignant Ascites in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Surgery*: A Prospective Substudy of a Randomized Controlled Trial
This study is a predefined post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled pilot trial comparing intravenous solutions within a goal-directed algorithm to optimize hemodynamic therapy in patients undergoing cytoreductive EOC surgery. Ascites was used to stratify the EOC patients prior to randomization in the main study. We analyzed 2 groups according to the amount of ascites (NLAS: none or low ascites [500 mL]). Differences in hemodynamic variables with respect to time were analyzed using nonparametric analysis for longitudinal data and multivariate generalized estimating equation adjusting the analysis for the randomized s...
Source: Medicine - December 1, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Observational Study Source Type: research

Stem Cells for Cell-Based Therapies
The world of stem cells We know the human body comprises many cell types (e.g., blood cells, skin cells, cervical cells), but we often forget to appreciate that all of these different cell types arose from a single cell—the fertilized egg. A host of sequential, awe-inspiring events occur between the fertilization of an egg and the formation of a new individual: Embryonic stem (ES) cells are also called totipotent cells. The first steps involve making more cells by simple cell division: one cell becomes two cells; two cells become four cells, etc. Each cell of early development is undifferentiated; that is, it is...
Source: ActionBioscience - December 28, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Ali Hochberg Source Type: news

Genetic variation in NEDD4L, an epithelial sodium channel regulator, is associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular death
Conclusion:The NEDD4L salt sensitivity-associated genotype was associated with higher blood pressure, which may translate into increased risk for CVD morbidity and mortality. Interestingly, there was no association with stroke suggesting that the association is partially blood pressure independent.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - January 20, 2014 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Genetic aspects Source Type: research

Plasma Metal Concentrations and Incident Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Adults: The Dongfeng-Tongji Cohort
Conclusions: Our study suggested that incident CHD was positively associated with plasma levels of titanium and arsenic, and inversely associated with selenium. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings in other populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1521 Received: 22 December 2016 Revised: 17 September 2017 Accepted: 19 September 2017 Published: 19 October 2017 Address correspondence to T. Wu, or A. Pan, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hongkong Rd., Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China. Telephone: +86-27-83692347. Email: wut@mails.tjmu.edu.cn or p...
Source: EHP Research - October 20, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Canagliflozin Inhibits Human Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Tube Formation
In conclusion, the present study identified canagliflozin as a potent inhibitor of human EC proliferation. The anti-proliferative action of canagliflozin is observed in ECs isolated from both the venous and arterial circulation, and is partly due to the blockade of cyclin A expression. In addition, this study found that canagliflozin inhibits tube formation in cultured ECs and mouse aortic rings. Notably, these actions are specific for canagliflozin and not seen with other SGLT2 inhibitors. The ability of canagliflozin to exert these pleiotropic effects on EC function may contribute to both the adverse and salutary actions...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Carcinoma cells misuse the host tissue damage response to invade the brain
The metastatic colonization of the brain by carcinoma cells is still barely understood, in particular when considering interactions with the host tissue. The colonization comes with a substantial destruction of the surrounding host tissue. This leads to activation of damage responses by resident innate immune cells to protect, repair, and organize the wound healing, but may distract from tumoricidal actions. We recently demonstrated that microglia, innate immune cells of the CNS, assist carcinoma cell invasion. Here we report that this is a fatal side effect of a physiological damage response of the brain tissue. In a brai...
Source: Glia - July 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Han‐Ning Chuang, Denise van Rossum, Dirk Sieger, Laila Siam, Florian Klemm, Annalen Bleckmann, Michaela Bayerlová, Katja Farhat, Jörg Scheffel, Matthias Schulz, Faramarz Dehghani, Christine Stadelmann, Uwe‐Karsten Hanisch, Claudia Binder, Tobias Puk Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

This Week in Science
The when of Mediterranean water outflow | Improving stroke recovery by timing treatment | Not too fast, not too slow, somewhere in between | Male chimps evolve faster with age | Tilting just right makes atoms tunnel | Taking a broader view of cancer imaging | Cycling water through the transition zone | Copper for breast cancer metastasis | The versatility of epithelial stem cells | Testing nonlocality for many particles | Avoiding back-action in quantum measurements | Dissecting how signaling directs axon growth | The population structure of Native Mexicans | Pausing for control of gene expression | Many connections are no...
Source: Science: Current Issue - June 13, 2014 Category: Science Authors: H. Jesse Smith Tags: Paleoceanography Source Type: research

DOCK8 Deficiency: Clinical and Immunological Phenotype and Treatment Options - a Review of 136 Patients
This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical phenotype of DOCK8 deficiency in the largest cohort reported so far and demonstrates the severity of the disease with relatively poor prognosis. Early HSCT should be strongly considered as a potential curative measure.
Source: Journal of Clinical Immunology - January 28, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 14, Pages 854: Treatment of Human Placental Choriocarcinoma Cells with Formaldehyde and Benzene Induced Growth and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via Induction of an Antioxidant Effect
In this study, the effects of formaldehyde (FA) and benzene (Bz), the main components of CS, on cell proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of JEG-3 human choriocarcinoma cells were examined to confirm the relationship between CS components and placenta carcinoma. Upon MTT assay, FA (10−8 M to 10−5 M) and Bz (10−11 M to 10−8 M) increased JEG-3 cell proliferation. Western blot assay revealed that the protein expression of cyclin D1 and E1 increased, while the levels of p21 and p27 were reduced following treatment. In Scratch assay, FA (10−8 M and 10−5 M) and Bz (10−11 M and 10−8 M) increas...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - July 29, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hae-Miru Lee Soo-Min Kim Kyung-Chul Choi Tags: Article Source Type: research

Two Liters a Day Keep the Doctor Away? Considerations on the Pathophysiology of Suboptimal Fluid Intake in the Common Population
Suboptimal fluid intake may require enhanced release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin for the maintenance of adequate hydration. Enhanced copeptin levels (reflecting enhanced vasopressin levels) in 25% of the common population are associated with enhanced risk of metabolic syndrome with abdominal obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, vascular dementia, cognitive impairment, microalbuminuria, chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, and premature mortality. Vasopressin stimulates the release of glucocorticoids which in turn up-regulate the serum- and g...
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - August 8, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

The cigarette smoke components induced the cell proliferation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition via production of reactive oxygen species in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells.
Abstract Cigarette smoke (CS) causes about 480,000 deaths each year worldwide and is well-known to have harmful effects on the human body, leading to heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and cardiovascular problems. In the present study, the effects of acrylonitrile (AN), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), formaldehyde (FOR), isoprene (ISO), nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK), which are the main components of CS, on the proliferation, invasion, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of human Ishikawa endometrial adenocarcinoma cells were investigated. Treating Ishikawa cells with CS components resulted...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - September 17, 2018 Category: Food Science Authors: Kim SM, Hwang KA, Choi DW, Choi KC Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Orexin-A Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation at the Level of the Intestinal Barrier
We examined a possible protective effect of OX-A against LPS-induced ROS formation and microglia activation. To mimic in vitro the connection between gut and brain and to study the putative effect on the cortical microglia, we used a co-culture of Caco-2 cells and primary cortical microglia with Caco-2 cells placed at the apical side of a transwell and primary cortical microglia at the basolateral side. All treatments used to study the apical vs. basal connection were applied to the apical compartment. We used DHR (10 μM, 20 min), a cell-permeable fluorogenic probe useful for the detection of ROS formation, to dete...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 9, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research