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Total 471 results found since Jan 2013.

Prevalence and Natural History of Superficial Siderosis Clinical Sciences
This study aimed to report the prevalence and natural history of SS in a population-based study.Methods—Brain magnetic resonance imaging scans from the MCSA (Mayo Clinic Study of Aging), a population-based study of residents 50 to 89 years of age in Olmsted County, Minnesota, were reviewed. Participants with imaging consistent with SS were identified from 2011 through 2016. An inverse probability weighting approach was used to convert our observed frequencies to population prevalence of SS. Additional data abstracted included amyloid positron emission tomography, Apolipoprotein E genotype, coexisting cerebral microbleeds...
Source: Stroke - November 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Michael Pichler, Prashanthi Vemuri, Alejandro A. Rabinstein, Jeremiah Aakre, Kelly D. Flemming, Robert D. Brown Jr, Neeraj Kumar, Kejal Kantarci, Walter Kremers, Michelle M. Mielke, David S. Knopman, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Ronald C. Petersen, Val Lowe, Jona Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Cerebrovascular Malformations, Intracranial Hemorrhage Original Contributions Source Type: research

InspireMD touts 2-year CGuard EPS results
InspireMD (NYSE:NSPR) this week released two-year results from the Paradigm 101 clinical study of its CGuard embolic protection system. Results from the trial were initially presented at the 2017 VEITH Symposium in New York last month. In the investigator-led study, researchers examined the use of the CGuard EPS system in 101 patients with symptomatic or high-risk asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Data from the study indicated that there were no deaths, major stroke or myocardial infarctions as a result of periprocedural or postprocedural interventions at at two years. InspireMD said that the results were consistent w...
Source: Mass Device - December 6, 2017 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Fink Densford Tags: Clinical Trials Neurological InspireMD Source Type: news

Urine Arsenic and Arsenic Metabolites in U.S. Adults and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endothelial Dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study
Conclusion: In a cross-sectional study of U.S. adults, we observed some positive associations of uAs and toenail As concentrations with biomarkers potentially relevant to CVD pathogenesis and inflammation, and evidence of a higher capacity to metabolize inorganic As was negatively associated with a marker of oxidative stress. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2062 Received: 14 April 2017 Revised: 13 November 2017 Accepted: 15 November 2017 Published: 15 December 2017 Address correspondence to S.F. Farzan, 2001 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA, 90032. Telephone: (323)-442-5101; Email: sffarzan@usc.edu Supplemental Material is ava...
Source: EHP Research - December 16, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

"Understanding the Role of Hypoxia inducible factor during neurodegeneration for new therapeutics opportunities".
Abstract Neurodegeneration (NDG) is linked with the progressive loss of neural function with intellectual and/or motor impairment. Several diseases affecting older individuals, including Alzheimer's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, Multiple Sclerosis and many others, are the most relevant disorders associated with NDG. Since other pathologies such as refractory epilepsy, brain infections, or hereditary diseases such as "neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation", also lead to chronic brain inflammation with loss of neural cells, NDG can be said to affe...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - January 10, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Merelli A, Rodriguez JCG, Folch J, Regueiro MR, Camins A, Alberto L Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Acquired hepatocerebral degeneration (AHD): a peculiar neurological impairment in advanced chronic liver disease
AbstractWe discuss the case of a rare and often unrecognized neurologic syndrome, called Acquired Hepatocerebral Degeneration (AHD), observed in patients with advanced liver disease and portosystemic shunts. The clinical manifestations can be very heterogeneous and in our case included a combination of cerebellar and extrapyramidal signs, arisen in a period of few days. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed, in T1-weighted images, diffuse bilateral hyper intensities in basal ganglia and biemispheric brain and cerebellar cortices, resembling paramagnetic deposits. No other neurological impairments, like stroke, infe...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - January 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Carotid Atheroma From Men Has Significantly Higher Levels of Inflammation and Iron Metabolism Enabled by Macrophages Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—Male patients with carotid atheroma had more advanced and ruptured lesions associated with significantly higher levels of inflammatory macrophage infiltration and high iron stores in the blood and in their plaques. These findings help to understand sex differences and iron metabolism in atherosclerosis and factors related to atheroma progression.
Source: Stroke - January 22, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Xi-Ming Yuan, Liam J. Ward, Claes Forssell, Nabeel Siraj, Wei Li Tags: Inflammation, Oxidant Stress, Pathophysiology, Proteomics, Atherosclerosis Original Contributions Source Type: research

Effects of cylinder liner surface topography on friction and wear of liner-ring system at low temperature
Publication date: May 2018 Source:Tribology International, Volume 121 Author(s): Wieslaw Grabon, Pawel Pawlus, Slawomir Wos, Waldemar Koszela, Michal Wieczorowski The experiments were carried out using an Optimol SRV5 oscillating wear tester under lubrication. Specimens were cut from gray cast iron cylinder liners honed and/or plateau honed with diamond or ceramic stones. Counter-specimens were cut from chromium-coated compression ring. Short time tests of 30 min duration were conducted at a temperature of −20 °C, with a stroke of 3 mm. In addition, for a few sliding assemblies, durations of tests at the low temp...
Source: Tribology International - February 5, 2018 Category: Materials Science Source Type: research

Influence of dietary iron intake restriction on the development of hypertension in weanling prehypertensive rats
AbstractHypertension is a major public health problem leading to death. To reduce the morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertension, it is crucial to develop a novel strategy for prevention of hypertension. We have currently reported an attempt at dietary iron intake restriction as non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension in patients with hypertension. However, it remains fully unknown whether dietary iron restriction prevents the development of hypertension. We investigated the influence of dietary iron restriction on the development of hypertension in weanling pre-hypertensive model rats. 3-week-old male str...
Source: Heart and Vessels - February 7, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Red cell exchange transfusions lower cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction fraction in pediatric sickle cell anemia
Blood transfusions are the mainstay of stroke prevention in pediatric sickle cell anemia (SCA), but the physiology conferring this benefit is unclear. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) are elevated in SCA, likely compensating for reduced arterial oxygen content (CaO2). We hypothesized that exchange transfusions would decrease CBF and OEF by increasing CaO2, thereby relieving cerebral oxygen metabolic stress. Twenty-one children with SCA receiving chronic transfusion therapy (CTT) underwent magnetic resonance imaging before and after exchange transfusions. Arterial spin labeling and asymmetric s...
Source: Blood - March 1, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Guilliams, K. P., Fields, M. E., Ragan, D. K., Eldeniz, C., Binkley, M. M., Chen, Y., Comiskey, L. S., Doctor, A., Hulbert, M. L., Shimony, J. S., Vo, K. D., McKinstry, R. C., An, H., Lee, J.-M., Ford, A. L. Tags: Pediatric Hematology, Sickle Cell Disease, Transfusion Medicine, Free Research Articles, Red Cells, Iron, and Erythropoiesis Source Type: research

Minocycline Effects on Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Iron Overload in Aged Rats Basic Sciences
This study quantified brain iron levels after ICH with magnetic resonance imaging R2* mapping. The effect of minocycline on iron overload and ICH-induced brain injury in aged rats was also determined.Methods—Aged (18 months old) male Fischer 344 rats had an intracerebral injection of autologous blood or saline, and brain iron levels were measured by magnetic resonance imaging R2* mapping. Some ICH rats were treated with minocycline or vehicle. The rats were euthanized at days 7 and 28 after ICH, and brains were used for immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. Magnetic resonance imaging (T2-weighted, T2* gradient-...
Source: Stroke - March 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Shenglong Cao, Ya Hua, Richard F. Keep, Neeraj Chaudhary, Guohua Xi Tags: Basic Science Research, Intracranial Hemorrhage Original Contributions Source Type: research

Automated RBC exchange compared to manual exchange transfusion for children with sickle cell disease is cost-effective and reduces iron overload.
CONCLUSION: Erythrocytapheresis reduces iron overload and allows a longer interval between procedures without a higher RBC requirement from the second year on aRBX. The cost did not increase as estimated in our Belgian Health Care System. PMID: 29574950 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Transfusion - March 25, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Dedeken L, Lê PQ, Rozen L, El Kenz H, Huybrechts S, Devalck C, Diallo S, Heijmans C, Ferster A Tags: Transfusion Source Type: research

Beneficial Role of Neutrophils Through Function of Lactoferrin After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Basic Sciences
Conclusions—LTF delivered to the ICH-affected brain by infiltrating PMNs may assist in hematoma detoxification and represent a powerful potential target for the treatment of ICH.
Source: Stroke - April 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiurong Zhao, Shun–Ming Ting, Guanghua Sun, Meaghan Roy–O’Reilly, Alexis S. Mobley, Jesus Bautista Garrido, Xueping Zheng, Lidiya Obertas, Joo Eun Jung, Marian Kruzel, Jaroslaw Aronowski Tags: Translational Studies Original Contributions Source Type: research

Imaging vulnerable plaques by targeting inflammation in atherosclerosis using fluorescent-labeled dual-ligand microparticles of iron oxide and magnetic resonance imaging
This study characterized inflammation in atherosclerosis using dual-targeted microparticles of iron oxide (DT-MPIO) as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe.
Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery - June 23, 2017 Category: Surgery Authors: Joyce M.S. Chan, Claudia Monaco, Marzena Wylezinska-Arridge, Jordi L. Tremoleda, Jennifer E. Cole, Michael Goddard, Maggie S.H. Cheung, Kishore K. Bhakoo, Richard G.J. Gibbs Tags: From bench to bedside Source Type: research

Minocycline attenuates brain injury and iron overload after intracerebral hemorrhage in aged female rats.
Abstract Brain iron overload is involved in brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). There is evidence that systemic administration of minocycline reduces brain iron level and improves neurological outcome in experimental models of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. However, there is evidence in cerebral ischemia that minocycline is not protective in aged female animals. Since most ICH research has used male models, this study was designed to provide an overall view of ICH-induced iron deposits at different time points (1 to 28 days) in aged (18-month old) female Fischer 344 rat ICH model and to investig...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - June 4, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Dai S, Hua Y, Keep RF, Novakovic N, Fei Z, Xi G Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Association of mRNA expression of iron metabolism-associated genes and progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats.
Conclusions: Iron-related transporters in liver and lower/upper portions of small intestine play critical roles in NASH development. Methods: Expression of iron metabolism-related genes in liver and small intestine was analyzed in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP), which develop NASH. Five-week-old SHR-SP fed ND or HFCD were examined. mRNA and protein levels of iron metabolism-related genes in liver and small intestine from 12- and 19-week-old rats were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry or Western blot. PMID: 29899851 [PubMed]
Source: Oncotarget - June 15, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research