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Protective Effects and Therapeutics of Ginsenosides for Improving Endothelial Dysfunction: From Therapeutic Potentials, Pharmaceutical Developments to Clinical Trials
Am J Chin Med. 2022;50(3):749-772. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X22500318. Epub 2022 Apr 13.ABSTRACTThe endothelium covers the internal lumen of the entire circulatory system and plays an important modulatory role in vascular homeostasis. Endothelium dysfunction, characterized by a vasoconstrictive, pro-inflammatory, and pro-coagulant state, usually manifests as a significant pathological process of vascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis (AS), stroke, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to seek promising therapeutic drugs or remedies to ameliorate endo...
Source: The American Journal of Chinese Medicine - April 22, 2022 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Fang Yang Ming-Yue Yang Jing-Qing Le Bang-Yue Luo Meng-Die Yin None Chao-Li Jia-Li Jiang Yi-Fan Fang Jing-Wei Shao Source Type: research

Ginsenoside Rd attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by exerting an anti-pyroptotic effect via the miR-139-5p/FoxO1/Keap1/Nrf2 axis
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Feb 3;105:108582. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108582. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPyroptosis mediated by nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is implicated in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Ginsenoside Rd (Rd), a monomer component of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng, is reported to confer neuroprotection in brain injury models. However, the role of pyroptosis in Rd-mediated neuroprotection following cerebral I/R has not been investigated. We aimed to confirm the neuroprotective function and underlying mechanisms of Rd on pyroptosis a...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - February 6, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yiqin Yao Sheng Hu Chunxue Zhang Qun Zhou Hui Wang Ya Yang Chao Liu Haiyan Ding Source Type: research

Modified Renshen Yangrong decoction enhances angiogenesis in ischemic stroke through promotion of MicroRNA ‐210 expression by regulating the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway
ConclusionGSYRD promotes cerebral protection following angiogenesis and ischemic brain injury. The specific mechanism was activating the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway via miRNA-210.
Source: Brain and Behavior - August 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Ce Liang, Teng Zhang, Xu ‐Liang Shi, Lin Jia, Ya‐Li Wang, Cui‐Huan Yan Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

Neuroprotective effects of Korean White ginseng and Red ginseng in an ischemic stroke mouse model
Publication date: Available online 6 July 2021Source: Journal of Ginseng ResearchAuthor(s): Myungho Jin, Kyung-Min Kim, Chiyeon Lim, Suin Cho, Young Kyun Kim
Source: Journal of Ginseng Research - July 7, 2021 Category: Complementary Medicine Source Type: research

Protective Effects and Network Analysis of Ginsenoside Rb1 Against Cerebral Ischemia Injury: A Pharmacological Review
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Currently, only a limited number of drugs are available for treating ischemic stroke. Hence, studies aiming to explore and develop other potential strategies and agents for preventing and treating ischemic stroke are urgently needed. Ginseng Rb1 (GRb1), a saponin from natural active ingredients derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), exerts neuroprotective effects on the central nervous system (CNS). We conducted this review to explore and summarize the protective effects and mechanisms of GRb1 on cerebral ischemic injury, providing a valuable r...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - July 2, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Xiaoxuming Decoction Regulates Vascular Function by Modulating G Protein-Coupled Receptors: A Molecular Docking Study
In this study, XXMD was found to induce relaxation of the basilar artery rings of rats precontracted by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in vitro, in a dose-dependent manner. The modulation of vascular tone and the process of cerebral ischemia are mediated via the interactions between G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their ligands, including 5-HT, angiotensin II (Ang II), and urotensin II (UII). Thus, the potential synergistic effects of the different components of XXMD on the regulation of vasoconstriction and vasodilation were further investigated by molecular docking based on network pharmacology. We constructed and an...
Source: Biomed Res - July 1, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Yanjia Shen Ran Yang Rui Zhou Wendan Lu Li Li Ziran Niu Miao Chen Jinhua Wang Yuehua Wang Lianhua Fang Guanhua Du Source Type: research

Efficacy and Safety of Shengmai Injection for Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Conclusion: Currently, available evidence indicates that SMI, as an adjuvant for basic Western medicine treatment, can improve the cardiac function of patients with CHF with good safety outcomes. Because of the high risk of bias among the included RCTs and the large heterogeneity of partial outcomes, the findings of this study must be verified by high-quality studies with large sample sizes. PMID: 32655670 [PubMed]
Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine - July 15, 2020 Category: Complementary Medicine Tags: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 2719: Hormesis and Ginseng: Ginseng Mixtures and Individual Constituents Commonly Display Hormesis Dose Responses, Especially for Neuroprotective Effects
se This paper demonstrates that ginseng mixtures and individual ginseng chemical constituents commonly induce hormetic dose responses in numerous biological models for endpoints of biomedical and clinical relevance, typically providing a mechanistic framework. The principal focus of ginseng hormesis-related research has been directed toward enhancing neuroprotection against conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases, stroke damage, as well as enhancing spinal cord and peripheral neuronal damage repair and reducing pain. Ginseng was also shown to reduce symptoms of diabetes, prev...
Source: Molecules - June 10, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Calabrese Tags: Review Source Type: research

Ginsenoside-Rb1 for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.
Conclusion: Available findings demonstrated the preclinical evidence that G-Rb1 has a potential neuroprotective effect, largely through attenuating brain water content, promoting the bioactivities of neurogenesis, anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, energy supplement and cerebral circulation. PMID: 32296332 [PubMed]
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - April 17, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shi YH, Li Y, Wang Y, Xu Z, Fu H, Zheng GQ Tags: Front Pharmacol Source Type: research

Ginsenoside Rd attenuates blood-brain barrier damage by suppressing proteasome-mediated signaling after transient forebrain ischemia
Ischemic stroke damages the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which leads to brain edema and increases the risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Proteasome inhibition has been found to protect the BBB against cerebral ischemia by suppressing neuroinflammation-mediated matrix metalloproteases-9 (MMP-9) activation. We recently showed that ginsenoside Rd (Rd), a major active ingredient of Panax ginseng, could suppress proteasome-mediated inflammation and be efficient for treating ischemic stroke but downstream mechanisms were still unidentified. For this purpose, Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to focal cerebral ischemic injury. The...
Source: NeuroReport - April 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research

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