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Nutrition: Chloride

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Total 30 results found since Jan 2013.

Conditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells attenuates focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury in rats by targeting mTOR pathway
Publication date: Available online 28 October 2019Source: Journal of Chemical NeuroanatomyAuthor(s): Donya Nazarinia, Nahid Aboutaleb, Raheleh Gholamzadeh, Solmaz Nasseri Maleki, Behnaz Mokhtari, Mahin NikougoftarAbstractConditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC-CM) was recently shown to have many antioxidant, antiapoptotic and proangiogenic growth factors. The present study was performed to investigate whether protective effects of hAMSC-CM against focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.A rat mo...
Source: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy - October 30, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Rapid, label-free detection of cerebral ischemia in rats using hyperspectral imaging
ConclusionsThese results demonstrate the practical utility of HSI for the real-time detection of cerebral ischemia in rats. By providing rapid assessment of brain tissue perfusion, HSI may help doctors recognize ischemic regions quickly and precisely during surgery as well as have great utility in the experimental process.
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Methods - October 19, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells cooperatively inhibit neuroinflammation and protect against ischemic stroke
This study aimed to explore the synergistic effects of nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages (NCNCs) and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) on ischemic stroke and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms.Main methodsThe properties of NCNCs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, and the markers of HUC-MSCs were detected by flow cytometry. The cell toxicity of NCNCs was evaluated by MTT. Mice were induced cerebral infarction by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). NCNCs or HUC-MSCs or HUC-MSCs-NCNCs were intravenously injected thirty minutes after reperfusion. The infarct volume...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - June 21, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Neurophysiological Analysis of Intermanual Transfer in Motor Learning
In this study, MEPs were induced during the subject’s imaged kinesthetic MI. This involves recalling muscle contraction based on a muscle sensory image and was reported to indicate the activity of brain regions similar to those involved in actual muscle contraction (Ruby and Decety, 2001). In the transfer training group, the muscle sensory image evaluation correlated to the actual task execution with the right hand. As a result, it was easy to recall the kinesthetic MI for the training task, thus affecting MI of the non-trained limbs so that MEP changes occurred in the left hand’s MI. In addition, brain exc...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Use in Warfighting: Benefits, Risks, and Future Prospects
Conclusion The aim of this paper was to examine whether military tDCS use can be efficacious and ethical in military settings. Our assessment is that tDCS offers a number of cognitive, motor, and perceptual enhancement opportunities which could provide value in military situations like training and operations. There is potential scope for use in a number of key areas that directly affect practical battlefield advantage and survivability, such as deceptive capabilities, risk-taking, threat detection, perception, and physiological improvement. Additionally, tDCS has the potential to improve command and control decision maki...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Inhibition of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II α Suppresses Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Ischemic Rats Through Targeting Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase.
Inhibition of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase IIα Suppresses Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Ischemic Rats Through Targeting Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase. Neurochem Res. 2019 Mar 27;: Authors: Wei Y, Wang R, Teng J Abstract Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and oxidative stress plays a significant role in the ischemia stage and reperfusion stage. Previous studies have indicated that both calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) are involved in the oxidative stress. Thus, the aim of this st...
Source: Neurochemical Research - March 26, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wei Y, Wang R, Teng J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Upregulation of miR-496 decreases cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by negatively regulating BCL2L14
In conclusions, our results suggest that miR-496 alleviates cerebral I/R injury possibly via inhibiting BCL2L14 expression.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - December 29, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Interleukin-33 Protects Ischemic Brain Injury by Regulating Specific Microglial Activities
Publication date: 10 August 2018Source: Neuroscience, Volume 385Author(s): Qianping Luo, Yong Fan, Lili Lin, Jingjing Wei, Zuanfang Li, Yongkun Li, Susumu Nakae, Wei Lin, Qi ChenAbstractInterleukin-33 (IL-33), a novel member of the IL-1 family, expressed in many tissue and cell types, is involved in inflammation and immune functions. Previous studies suggest that IL-33 may play a role in ischemic stroke. Here, we evaluated the effect of IL-33 in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion-induced injury and investigated its underlying mechanism. Our data indicated that IL-33 deficiency exacerbated the neurological dysfunction caused b...
Source: Neuroscience - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Irisin Peptide Protects Brain Against Ischemic Injury Through Reducing Apoptosis and Enhancing BDNF in a Rodent Model of Stroke.
Abstract Evidence has shown therapeutic potential of irisin in cerebral stroke. The present study aimed to assess the effects of recombinant irisin on the infarct size, neurological outcomes, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, apoptosis and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in a mouse model of stroke. Transient focal cerebral ischemia was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 45 min and followed reperfusion for 23 h in mice. Recombinant irisin was administrated at doses of 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 7.5, and 15 µg/kg, intracerebroventricularly (ICV), on the MCAO beginning. Neuro...
Source: Neurochemical Research - June 7, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Asadi Y, Gorjipour F, Behrouzifar S, Vakili A Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Chloride transporters and GABA polarity in developmental, neurological and psychiatric conditions
Publication date: Available online 2 May 2018 Source:Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews Author(s): Joran T. Schulte, Corette J. Wierenga, Hilgo Bruining Neuronal chloride regulation is a determinant factor for the dynamic tuning of GABAergic inhibition during and beyond brain development. This regulation is mainly dependent on the two co-transporters K+/Cl- co-transporter KCC2 and Na+/K+/Cl- co-transporter NKCC1, whose activity can decrease or increase neuronal chloride concentrations respectively. Altered expression and/or activity of either of these co-transporters has been associated with a wide variety of br...
Source: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews - May 2, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Inhibition of Nkcc1 promotes axonal growth and motor recovery in ischemic rats
In conclusion, bumetanide promoted post-stroke axonal sprouting together accompanied by an improved behavioral outcome possibly through restoring and maintaining neuronal chloride homeostasis and creating a recovery-promoting microenvironment by overcoming the axonal growth inhibition encountered after cerebral ischemia in rats.
Source: Neuroscience - October 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

mfat ‐1 transgene protects cultured adult neural stem cells against cobalt chloride‐mediated hypoxic injury by activating Nrf2/ARE pathways
Abstract Ischemic stroke is a devastating neurological disorder and one of the leading causes of death and serious disability in adults. Adult neural stem cell (NSC) replacement therapy is a promising treatment for both structural and functional neurological recovery. However, for the treatment to work, adult NSCs must be protected against hypoxic‐ischemic damage in the ischemic penumbra. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of the mfat‐1 transgene on cobalt chloride (CoCl2)‐induced hypoxic‐ischemic injury in cultured adult NSCs as well as its underlying mechanisms. The results ...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - June 22, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Junfeng Yu, Haiyuan Yang, Bin Fang, Zhengwei Zhang, Ying Wang, Yifan Dai Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Erythropoietin attenuates loss of potassium chloride co-transporters following prenatal brain injury
Publication date: July 2014 Source:Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Volume 61 Author(s): L.L. Jantzie , P.M. Getsy , D.J. Firl , C.G. Wilson , R.H. Miller , S. Robinson Therapeutic agents that restore the inhibitory actions of γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) by modulating intracellular chloride concentrations will provide novel avenues to treat stroke, chronic pain, epilepsy, autism, and neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders. During development, upregulation of the potassium-chloride co-transporter KCC2, and the resultant switch from excitatory to inhibitory responses to GABA guide the formation of essential inhibit...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience - November 3, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research