Filtered By:
Source: Translational Stroke Research
Education: Study
This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 19.
Order by Relevance | Date
Total 512 results found since Jan 2013.
The Dynamics of Microglial Polarization Reveal the Resident Neuroinflammatory Responses After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
In this study, we investigated the dynamics of microglial reaction in an endovascular perforated SAH model. By using the Cx3cr1GFP/GFP Ccr2RFP/RFP transgenic mice, we found that the reactive immune cells were largely from resident microglia pool rather than infiltrating macrophages. Immunostaining and real-time PCR were employed to analyze the temporal microglial polarization and the resulting inflammatory responses. Our results showed that microglia accumulated immediately after SAH with a centrifugal spreading through the Cortex Adjacent to the Perforated Site (CAPS) to the remote motor cortex. Microglia polarized dynami...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Cognitive Decline and Increases White Matter Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in a Mouse Model of Prolonged Cerebral Hypoperfusion
AbstractClinical evidence suggests that patients with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) perform better at cognitive tests after exercise. However, the underlying mechanism for this effect is largely unknown. Here, we examined how treadmill exercise changes the cognitive function and white matter cellular pathology in a mouse model of SIVD. Prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion was induced in 2-month-old male C57BL/6J mice by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis. A week later, the mice were randomly divided into a group that received 6-week treadmill exercise and a sedentary group for observation. In multiple beh...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Immune Responses and Anti-inflammatory Strategies in a Clinically Relevant Model of Thromboembolic Ischemic Stroke with Reperfusion
AbstractThe poor clinical relevance of experimental models of stroke contributes to the translational failure between preclinical and clinical studies testing anti-inflammatory molecules for ischemic stroke. Here, we (i) describe the time course of inflammatory responses triggered by a thromboembolic model of ischemic stroke and (ii) we examine the efficacy of two clinically tested anti-inflammatory drugs: Minocycline or anti-CD49d antibodies (tested in stroke patients as Natalizumab) administered early (1 h) or late (48 h) after stroke onset. Radiological (lesion volume) and neurological (grip test) outcomes were evalu...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Beneficial Effects of Theta-Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Stroke Injury via Improving Neuronal Microenvironment and Mitochondrial Integrity
We report that rTMS significantly attenuated behavioral deficits and infarct volume after PT stroke. Fur ther investigation demonstrated that rTMS remarkably reduced synaptic loss and neuronal degeneration in the peri-infarct cortical region. Mechanistic studies displayed that beneficial effects of rTMS were associated with robust suppression of reactive micro/astrogliosis and the overproduction of pro -inflammatory cytokines, as well as oxidative stress and oxidative neuronal damage especially at the late stage following PT stroke. Intriguingly, rTMS could effectively induce a shift in microglial M1/M2 phenotype activatio...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Stroke Center Care and Outcome: Results from the CSPPC Stroke Program
AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the association between admission to stroke centers for acute ischemic stroke and complications and mortality during hospitalization in a Chinese population by means of an observational study using data from the China Stroke Center Data-Sharing Platform. We compared in-hospital complications and mortality for patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke (N = 13,236) between November 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018 at stroke center (SH) and non-stroke center (CH) hospitals using distance to hospitals as an instrumental variable to adjust for potential prehospital selection bias....
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 7, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Infarct Evolution in a Large Animal Model of Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion
AbstractMechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of ischemic stroke shows high rates of recanalization; however, some patients still have a poor clinical outcome. A proposed reason for this relates to the fact that the ischemic infarct growth differs significantly between patients. While some patients demonstrate rapid evolution of their infarct core (fast evolvers), others have substantial potentially salvageable penumbral tissue even hours after initial vessel occlusion (slow evolvers). We show that the dog middle cerebral artery occlusion model recapitulates this key aspect of human stroke rendering it a highly desirab...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Cardioembolic Ischemic Stroke Gene Expression Fingerprint in Blood: a Systematic Review and Verification Analysis
AbstractAn accurate etiological classification is key to optimize secondary prevention after ischemic stroke, but the cause remains undetermined in one third of patients. Several studies pointed out the usefulness of circulating gene expression markers to discriminate cardioembolic (CE) strokes, mainly due to atrial fibrillation (AF), while only exploring them in small cohorts. A systematic review of studies analyzing high-throughput gene expression in blood samples to discriminate CE strokes was performed. Significantly dysregulated genes were considered as candidates, and a selection of them was validated by RT-qPCR in 1...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 1, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Ischemic Neuroprotectant PKC ε Restores Mitochondrial Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase in the Neuronal NADH Shuttle after Ischemic Injury
AbstractThe preservation of mitochondrial function is a major protective strategy for cerebral ischemic injuries. Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that protein kinase C epsilon (PKC ε) promotes the synthesis of mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). NAD+ along with its reducing equivalent, NADH, is an essential co-factor needed for energy production from glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Yet, NAD+/NADH are impermeable to the inner mitochondrial membrane and their import into the mitochondria requires the activity of specific shuttles. The most important neuronal NAD+/NADH shuttle is the mal...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A Brain-Targeted Orally Available ROCK2 Inhibitor Benefits Mild and Aggressive Cavernous Angioma Disease
AbstractCavernous angioma (CA) is a vascular pathology caused by loss of function in one of the 3 CA genes (CCM1,CCM2, andCCM3) that result in rho kinase (ROCK) activation. We investigated a novel ROCK2 selective inhibitor for the ability to reduce brain lesion formation, growth, and maturation. We used genetic methods to explore the use of a ROCK2-selective kinase inhibitor to reduce growth and hemorrhage of CAs. The role of ROCK2 in CA was investigated by crossingRock1 orRock2 hemizygous mice withCcm1 orCcm3 hemizygous mice, and we found reduced lesions in theRock2 hemizygous mice. A ROCK2-selective inhibitor, BA-1049 wa...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Prior Antiplatelet Therapy, Excluding Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Is Associated with Poor Outcome in Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage
In this study, ADP-I and COX-1, but not PDE-I, are the most likely contributors to the association of APT with poor outcome with spontaneous ICH patients. These findings suggest that the complexity of the different mechanism of actions of prior APT can alter the outcome in spontaneous ICH.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Phase I Safety Trial: Extended Daily Peripheral Sensory Stimulation Using a Wrist-Worn Vibrator in Stroke Survivors
AbstractPeripheral sensory stimulation augments post-stroke upper extremity rehabilitation outcomes. Most sensory stimulations interfere with natural hand tasks and the stimulation duration is limited. We developed TheraBracelet, low-level random-frequency vibration applied via a wristwatch, to enable stimulation during hand tasks and potentially extend stimulation durations. To determine safety of prolonged exposure to TheraBracelet. Single-site double-blind crossover randomized controlled trial. Chronic stroke survivors were instructed to wear a device on the affected wrist for> 8 h/day everyday for 2 months while...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Hydrogel-Based Therapy for Brain Repair After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
This study provides proof-of-principle that injectable biomaterials may be a translationally relevant approach for treating ICH.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 19, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Change in CSF Dynamics Responsible for ICP Elevation After Ischemic Stroke in Rats: a New Mechanism for Unexplained END?
AbstractIt has been proposed that intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation and collateral failure are responsible for unexplained early neurological deterioration (END) in stroke. The study ’s aims were to investigate whether cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) dynamics, rather than edema, are responsible for elevation of ICP after ischemic stroke. Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) was induced with an intraluminal filament. At 24 h after stroke, baseline ICP was measured an d CSF dynamics were probed via a steady-state infusion method. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging wer...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 14, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
AAV/BBB-Mediated Gene Transfer of CHIP Attenuates Brain Injury Following Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractCell death is a hallmark of secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The E3 ligase CHIP has been reported to play a key role in mediating necroptosis —an important mechanism of cell death after ICH. However, there is currently no evidence supporting a function of CHIP in ICH. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether CHIP plays an essential role in brain injury after ICH. Our findings indicated that CHIP expression was increased in th e peri-hematomal area in rat models of ICH. The AAV/BBB viral platform enables non-invasive, widespread, and long-lasting global neural expression ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 18, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Adult Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone and Its Regulation After Ischemic Stroke: Implications for Therapeutic Approaches
AbstractAdult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone is a topic of intense research, since it has vast implications for the fundamental understanding of the neurobiology of the brain and its potential to being harnessed for therapy in various neurological disorders. Investigation of adult neurogenesis has been complicated by the difficulties with characterization of neural stem cells in vivo. However, recent single-cell transcriptomic studies provide more detailed information on marker expression in neural stem cells and their neuronal lineage, which hopefully will result in a more unified discussion. Regulation of the mu...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 14, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
