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Source: Translational Stroke Research
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Total 512 results found since Jan 2013.
Machine Learning-Enabled Determination of Diffuseness of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations from Magnetic Resonance Angiography
AbstractThe diffuseness of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) is a significant factor in surgical outcome evaluation and hemorrhagic risk prediction. However, there are still predicaments in identifying diffuseness, such as the judging variety resulting from different experience and difficulties in quantification. The purpose of this study was to develop a machine learning (ML) model to automatically identify the diffuseness of bAVM niduses using three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) images. A total of 635 patients with bAVMs who underwent TOF-MRA imaging were enrolled. Three...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Inhibition of AMPA ( α-Amino-3-Hydroxy-5-Methyl-4-Isoxazole Propionate) Receptor Reduces Acute Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice
This study was conducted to evaluate if AMPAR activation induces acute blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption after SAH . C57BL/6 male adult mice (n = 117) underwent sham or filament perforation SAH modeling, followed by a random intraperitoneal injection of vehicle or two dosages (1 mg/kg or 3 mg/kg) of a selective noncompetitive AMPAR antagonist perampanel (PER) at 30 min post-modeling. The effects were evaluated by mortality, neurolog ical scores, and brain water content at 24–48 h and video electroencephalogram monitoring, immunostaining, and Western blotting at 24 h post-SAH. PER significantly suppressed po...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Blocking Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor Attenuates Vasospasm and Neuron Cell Apoptosis in Rats Subjected to Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
This study explored the relationship between SAH and HDGF. Sixty rats were divided into five groups (n = 12/group): (A) control group; (B) rHDGF ab only group [normal animals treated with 50 µM recombinant HDGF antibodies (rHDGF ab)]; (C) SAH group; (D) SAH + pre-rHDGF ab group (SAH animals pre-treated with 50 µM rHDGF ab into the subarachnoid space within 24 h before SAH); and (E) SAH + post-rHDGF ab group (SAH animals post-treated with 50 µM rHDGF ab into the subarachnoid space within 24 h after SAH). At 48 h after SAH, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected to measure the level...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
PRIMED2 Preclinical Evidence Scoring Tool to Assess Readiness for Translation of Neuroprotection Therapies
AbstractMany neuroprotective and other therapies for treatment of acute ischemic stroke have failed in translation to human studies, indicating a need for more rigorous, multidimensional quality assessment of the totality of preclinical evidence supporting a therapy prior to conducting human trials. A consensus panel of stroke preclinical model and human clinical trial experts assessed candidate items for the translational readiness scale, compiled from prior instruments (STAIR, ARRIVE, CAMARADES, RoB 2) based on importance, reliability, and feasibility. Once constructed, the tool was applied by two independent raters to f...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Is Cerebral Amyloid- β Deposition Related to Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment?
AbstractApproximately two-thirds of ischemic stroke patients suffer from different levels of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), but the underlying mechanisms of PSCI remain unclear. Cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease, has been discovered in the brains of stroke patients in some autopsy studies. However, less is known about the role of Aβ pathology in the development of PSCI. It is hypothesized that cerebral ischemic injury may lead to neurotoxic Aβ accumulation in the brain, which further induces secondary neurodegeneration and progressive cognitive decline a...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
SDF-1 α/CXCR4 Pathway Mediates Hemodynamics-Induced Formation of Intracranial Aneurysm by Modulating the Phenotypic Transformation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
The objective of this study is to explore the role of the SDF-1 α/CXCR4 pathway in the development of intracranial aneurysm (IA) induced by hemodynamic forces. We collected 12 IA and six superficial temporal artery samples for high-throughput sequencing, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry to examine vascular remodeling and determine the ex pression of the components of the SDF-1α/CXCR4 pathway, structural proteins (α-SMA and calponin) of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and inflammatory factors (MMP-2 and TNF-α). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used for hemodynamic analysis. Mouse IA m...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 25, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neurological Instability in Ischemic Stroke: Relation with Outcome, Latency Time, and Molecular Markers
AbstractThe National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is commonly used to evaluate stroke neurological deficits and to predict the patient ’s outcome. Neurological instability (NI), defined as the variation of the NIHSS in the first 48 h, is a simple clinical metric that reflects dynamic changes in the area of the brain affected by the ischemia. We hypothesize that NI may represent areas of cerebral instability known as penumbra, wh ich could expand or reduce brain injury and its associated neurological sequels. In this work, our aim was to analyze the association of NI with the functional outcome at 3 months ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 24, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Wogonin Accelerates Hematoma Clearance and Improves Neurological Outcome via the PPAR- γ Pathway After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
In conclusion, our data suggest that wogonin facilitates hematoma clearance and neurobehavioral recovery by targeting PPAR-γ.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 18, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Unruptured Giant Intracranial Aneurysms: Risk Factors for Mortality and Long-Term Outcome
This study aims to investigate the long-term outcomes of unruptured giant intracranial aneurysms (GIAs) with different treatment modalities and to analyze the factors affecting prognosis. We performed a retrospective medical record review of patients with unruptured GIAs treated at our institution from 2011 to 2018. Prognosis was compared to the best medical treatment without intervention (conservative treatment, CT) and surgical (ST) or endovascular (ET) treatment. Risk factors for mortality were investigated. A total of 276 patients were included in this study. Patients received CT in 16.3%, ST in 30.1%, and ET in 53.6% ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 18, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A System for Continuous Pre- to Post-reperfusion Intra-carotid Cold Infusion for Selective Brain Hypothermia in Rodent StrokeModels
AbstractIntra-carotid cold infusion (ICCI) appears as a promising method for hypothermia-mediated brain protection from ischemic stroke. Recent clinical pilot studies indicate easy implementation of ICCI into endovascular acute ischemic stroke treatment. Current rodent ICCI-in-stroke models limit ICCI to the post-reperfusion phase. To establish a method for continuous ICCI over the duration of intra-ischemia to post-reperfusion in rodent stroke models, a novel system was developed. Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were included. Intraluminal filament method was used for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). N...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 18, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Quantitative Corticospinal Tract Assessment in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) prognostication during the acute phase is often subjective among physicians and often affects treatment decisions. The present study explores objective imaging parameters using quantitative corticospinal tract (CST) fiber reconstruction during the acute phase of ICH and correlates these parameters with functional outcome and patient recovery. We prospectively enrolled nonsurgical spontaneous supratentorial ICH patients and obtained an MRI scan on day 5 ± 1. Q-space diffeomorphic reconstruction was performed using DSI Studio, and quantitative anisotropy (QA) was calculated. The C...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 18, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A New Angiographic Collateral Grading System for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion Treated with Endovascular Therapy
AbstractPoor clinical outcomes despite endovascular therapy (EVT) are common in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO). We aimed to develop a new angiographic collateral grading system for predicting 90-day functional outcomes of acute BAO after EVT. A prospectively registered consecutive cohort of acute BAO patients treated with EVT in our center during a 6-year period was reviewed. The angiographic collateral grading system for BAO (ACGS-BAO) included 4 grades for poor (grade 1 –2), intermediate (grade 3), and good (grade 4) collateral statuses. First, the independent association of ACGS-BAO with 90-day fun...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 18, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Characterization of CB2 Receptor Expression in Peripheral Blood Monocytes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
AbstractBoth preclinical and clinical evidence supports the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the pathobiology of cerebral ischemia. Selective cannabinoid-2 (CB2) receptor agonists exert significant neuroprotection in animal models of focal brain ischemia through a robust anti-inflammatory effect, involving both resident and peripheral immune cells. Nevertheless, no definitive studies demonstrating the relevance of CB2 receptors in human stroke exist.Using rtPCR and flow cytometry assays, we investigated CB2 receptor expression in circulating monocytes from 26 acute ischemic stroke patients and 16 age-matched he...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 18, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
The Relationship of Morphological-Hemodynamic Characteristics, Inflammation, and Remodeling of Aneurysm Wall in Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
This study revealed that biomechanical stress and inflammation in aneurysm wall are correlated, which might suggest the pathological evidence of morphological-hemodynamic predictors for IA development.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 9, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Natural Killer Cells Are Present in Rag1 −/− Mice and Promote Tissue Damage During the Acute Phase of Ischemic Stroke
AbstractRag1−/− mice, lacking functional B and T cells, have been extensively used as an adoptive transfer model to evaluate neuroinflammation in stroke research. However, it remains unknown whether natural killer (NK) cell development and functions are altered in Rag1−/− mice as well. This connection has been rarely discussed in previous studies but might have important implications for data interpretation. In contrast, the NOD-Rag1nullIL2rgnull (NRG) mouse model is devoid of NK cells and might therefore eliminate this potential shortcoming. Here, we compare immune-cell frequencies as well as phenotype and effecto...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
