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Source: Translational Stroke Research
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Total 512 results found since Jan 2013.

Minimally Invasive Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation Improves Pericavity Cerebral Blood Volume
This study aims to quantify blood volume changes in the perihematomal parenchyma and pericavity parenchyma after minimally invasive intracerebral hemorrhage evacuation (MIS for ICH). Thirty-two patients underwent MIS for ICH with pre- and post-operative CT imaging and intraoperative perfusion imaging (DynaCT PBV Neuro, Artis Q, Siemens). The pre-operative and post-operative CT scans were segmented using ITK-SNAP software to calculate hematoma volumes and to delineate the pericavity tissue. Helical CT segmentations were registered to cone beam CT data using elastix software. Mean blood volumes were computed inside subvolume...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Long-Term Follow-Up of Cerebral Aneurysms Completely Occluded at 6  Months After Intervention with the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) Device: a Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study
This study underlines the importance of repeat imaging in patients treated with the WEB device even if complete occlusio n is achieved short term. Follow-up can be performed using DSA, MRA or CTA with no difference in positive predictive value.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Brain Injury: Early Intranasal Delivery after Cardiac Arrest
AbstractGlobal ischemic brain injury is the leading cause of mortality and long-term disability  in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Hypothermia and neuroprotective agents are two strategies partially improve neurological outcomes following resuscitation. However, the therapeutic effects of these treatments are inconsistently reported. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising pr otective strategy due to its potential for proliferation and differentiation into functional neural cells. This editorial reviews the current status of stem cell therapy via the intranasal route in primates and clinical studies, alo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - April 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Alterations in Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common disease that seriously endangers people ’s health, and is easily overlooked by both patients and clinicians due to its near-silent onset. Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) is a new concept focusing on the dynamic features and patterns of brain networks that represents a powerful tool for gaining novel insight into neurological disea ses. To assess alterations in DFC in CSVD patients, and the correlation of DFC with cognitive function. We enrolled 35 CSVD patients and 31 normal control subjects (NC). Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) with a sliding-windo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

SLC45A3 Serves as a Potential Therapeutic Biomarker to Attenuate White Matter Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe cerebrovascular disease, which impairs patients ’ white matter even after timely clinical interventions. Indicated by studies in the past decade, ICH-induced white matter injury (WMI) is closely related to neurological deficits; however, its underlying mechanism and pertinent treatment are yet insufficient. We gathered two datasets (GSE24265 an d GSE125512), and by taking an intersection among interesting genes identified by weighted gene co-expression networks analysis, we determined target genes after differentially expressing genes in two datasets. Additional single-c...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

MYPT1SMKO Mice Function as a Novel Spontaneous Age- and Hypertension-Dependent Animal Model of CSVD
AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is the most common progressive vascular disease that causes vascular dementia. Aging and hypertension are major contributors to CSVD, but the pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear, mainly due to the lack of an ideal animal model. Our previous study revealed that vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) knockout (MYPT1SMKO) leads to constant hypertension, prompting us to explore whether hypertensive MYPT1SMKO mice can be considered a novel CSVD animal model. Here, we found that MYPT1SMKO mice displayed age-dependent CSVD-like ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Real-time Elastography and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Evaluating Adventitia in the Early Diagnosis of Vulnerable Plaques: an Exploratory Study Based on Histopathology
AbstractVulnerable plaque is closely related to the occurrence of ischemic stroke. Therefore, early accurate identification of plaque vulnerability is crucial in risk stratification. In the development of vulnerable plaques, the change of the adventitia is earlier than that of the intima. Currently, researchers focused on the ultrasound detection of intraplaque and intima, but adventitia was often ignored in the examination. Real-time elastography technology (RTE) provides an estimation of adventitia stiffness, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) provides the quantification of adventitial VV. Therefore, we aimed to eva...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Serum Interleukin-1 Levels Are Associated with Intracranial Aneurysm Instability
This study aimed to investigate whether IL-1 could discriminate the unstable IAs (ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs) and symptomatic unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs)) from stable, asymptomatic UIAs. IA tissues and blood samples from 35 RIA patients and 35 UIA patients were collected between January 2017 and June 2020 as the derivation cohort. Blood samples from 211 patients with UIAs were collected between January 2021 and June 2022 as the validation cohort (including 63 symptomatic UIAs). Blood samples from 35 non-cerebral-edema meningioma patients (non-inflammatory control) and 19 patients with unknown-cause ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Targeted Metabolomic Biomarkers for Stroke Subtyping
ConclusionsWe observed significant differences in metabolite profiles in LAA and CE strokes. Targeted metabolomics may provide enhanced diagnostic yield for stroke subtypes. The pathophysiological pathways of the identified metabolites should be explored in future studies.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 11, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Pilot Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Neuroprotective Studies in Female Rodent Models of Ischemic Stroke
AbstractMost ischemic stroke (IS) patients go untreated due to limited treatment windows, restrictive eligibility criteria, and poor availability of current clinical therapies. Neuroprotective treatments targeting protracted neurodegeneration are needed yet keep failing in clinical trials. Over half of IS patients are female, and the scarcity of neuroprotective studies using female animals hinders translational success. This pilot review and meta-analysis assessed the relationship between the risk of bias and efficacy of studies testing post-ischemic neuroprotective therapies using female rodent models of IS. We carried ou...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 10, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Anti-Apoptotic Effects of AMPA Receptor Antagonist Perampanel in Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice
This study was aimed to investigate if acute neuronal apoptosis is induced by activation of AMPA ( α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate) receptors (AMPARs) and inhibited by a clinically available selective AMPAR antagonist and antiepileptic drug perampanel (PER) in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and if the mechanisms include upregulation of an inflammation-related matricellular prot ein periostin. Sham-operated and endovascular perforation SAH mice randomly received an administration of 3 mg/kg PER or the vehicle intraperitoneally. Post-SAH neurological impairments and increased caspase-dependent neuronal ap...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sphingosine-1-phosphate Signalling in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Basic Science to Clinical Translation
AbstractSphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is generated intracellularly and, when transported to the extracellular compartment, predominantly signals through S1P receptors. The S1P signalling pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological injury following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). In this review, we bring together all the available data regarding the role of S1P in neurological injury following aSAH. There is agreement in the literature that S1P increases in the cerebrospinal fluid following aSAH and leads to cerebral artery vasospasm. On the other hand, the role of S1P in the parenchyma is...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Comprehensive CCM3 Mutational Analysis in Two Patients with Syndromic Cerebral Cavernous Malformation
AbstractCerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a vascular disease that affects the central nervous system, which familial form is due to autosomal dominant mutations in the genesKRIT1(CCM1),MGC4607(CCM2), andPDCD10(CCM3). Patients affected by thePDCD10 mutations usually have the onset of symptoms at an early age and a more aggressive phenotype. The aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism involved with CCM3 disease pathogenesis. Herein, we report two typical cases of CCM3 phenotype and compare the clinical and neuroradiological findings with five patients with a familial form ofKRIT1 orCCM2 mutations a...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Environmental Enrichment in Stroke Research: an Update
AbstractEnvironmental enrichment (EE) refers to different forms of stimulation, where the environment is designed to improve the levels of sensory, cognitive, and motor stimuli, inducing stroke recovery in animal models. Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and neurological disability among older adults, hence the importance of developing strategies to improve recovery for such patients. This review provides an update on recent findings, compiling information regarding the parameters affected by EE exposure in both preclinical and clinical studies. During stroke recovery, EE exposure has been shown to improve both the co...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 31, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Implications of Post-recanalization Perfusion Deficit After Acute Ischemic Stroke: a Scoping Review of Clinical and Preclinical Imaging Studies
AbstractThe goal of reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is to restore cerebral blood flow through recanalization of the occluded vessel. Unfortunately, successful recanalization does not always result in favorable clinical outcome. Post-recanalization perfusion deficits (PRPDs), constituted by cerebral hypo- or hyperperfusion, may contribute to lagging patient recovery rates, but its clinical significance remains unclear. This scoping review provides an overview of clinical and preclinical findings on post-ischemic reperfusion, aiming to elucidate the pattern and consequences of PRPD from a translational pe...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 19, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research